The gentleman in the Donglin Party - Huang Zunsu

The Donglin Party was a group of intellectuals.

Since you are an intellectual, you should have the style of a gentleman and the calmness of an intellectual.

In the incomparably cruel political struggle, who can best embody this gentleman's style?

The answer is - Huang Zunsu.

Regarding Huang Zunsu, there are not many descriptions in "Those Things in the Ming Dynasty", but it is this small amount of pen and ink that impresses me very deeply, and I write an article about Huang Zunsu's deeds.

Who is Huang Zunsu? Many people may not know, but he has a famous son named Huang Zongxi.

Who is Huang Zongxi? If you ask this question, don't read this article.

To tell the truth, this article is not a biography, let alone a history book, but just a story about the deeds of the cattle in the Donglin Party, and it is a reading notebook, and it is impossible to answer all questions.

I wrote Huang Zunsu, not because he had a famous son, but because his own deeds were very legendary.

First of all, Huang Zunsu is one of the "Six Gentlemen in Prison". Secondly, Huang Zunsu and Wang Wenyan were the two major think tanks of the Donglin Party at that time. Brother Wang is known for his ability and sleekness, while Huang Zunsu is known for his knowledge. Again, it is Mr. Huang's calm and calm gentleman's style.

If you want to tell the legendary deeds of Mr. Huang, you must first talk about the five civilian incidents.

The cause of the incident was Zhou Shunchang.

Wei Zhongxian's initial list of arrests included six people: Gao Panlong, Li Yingsheng, Huang Zunsu, Zhou Zongjian, Miao Changqi, and Zhou Qiyuan.

These are the Six Gentlemen. There was no Zhou Shunchang in the list, and his place was later added, and the six gentlemen became the seventh gentlemen, which was completely the result of his own efforts. From this point, we can once again see that the Donglin Party is really upright and a little stupid, and they are afraid of falling behind even in such a thing as killing their heads.

When Wei Dazhong, a member of the Donglin Party, was arrested and crossed the border, Zhou Shunchang invited him to his home, ate and drank well, and said to the Dongchang spies around him:

"Don't you know that there are people in the world who are not afraid of death?! Go back and tell Wei Zhongxian, my name is Zhou Shunchang, just look for me!"

Later, when Dongchang arrested Zhou Qiyuan, he stood up and scolded Wei Zhongxian, which made Wei Zhongxian angry:

"Nobody, I didn't ignore you before, but I was kind to you as your father-in-law?"

So Zhou Shunchang was also blacklisted.

Unexpectedly, such a small person as Zhou Shunchang caused an uproar, and the frightened Wei Yin people broke out in a cold sweat.

Zhou Shunchang, Jinshi, a member of the Donglin Party, is as evil as hatred, is honest, fights righteousness and squanders money, and has an excellent reputation.

There is a story about Zhou Shunchang, which can fully illustrate his vicious character. Once someone invited him to watch a play, he was very happy at first, but when he saw half of it, he suddenly became angry, rushed to the stage in front of everyone, grabbed the actor and beat him violently.

The reason is: the actor plays Qin Hui.

The Dongchang spies went to arrest Zhou Shunchang, probably thinking that Suzhou was weak and easy to bully, and after catching Zhou Shunchang, he began to ask for money from Zhou's family, and publicly threatened: If you don't give it, you will hack Zhou halfway.

Don't say that Zhou Shunchang's family really has no money, even if he has money, he will not give it with his stubborn character, so he also publicly threatened: If you don't give money, see what you can do?

But this Brother Zhou is usually too popular, and the people of Suzhou began to spontaneously pool money to the bastards in Dongchang, and some people took all the clothes in order to pay.

The spy in charge of Dongchang is called Wen Zhibing, who is not only greedy but also stupid, and he actually thinks that he has little money and wants to increase the price.

Now everyone is gone.

The next day, in protest against the arrest of Zhou Shunchang, a strike was held in Suzhou.

Wen Zhibing's IQ is really too low, and looking at this situation, wouldn't it be nothing to do if he escorted Zhou Shunchang away overnight? He wanted to take Zhou Shunchang away with great fanfare the next day, probably trying to play a prestige.

I think he really shouldn't be called Wen Zhibing, he should be called Silly Zhibing.

Another day, more than 100,000 citizens of Suzhou saw off Zhou Shunchang. Wen Zhibing didn't recognize the situation at this time, and held the knife menacingly and said:

"Dongchang arrests people, which of you rats dare to obstruct official business?"

At this time, an unknown man came forward and asked:

"Are you on Wei Zhongxian's orders?"

Wen Zhizhi was furious and said:

"Bold, is Grandpa Wei's name your name? It was the order of the East Factory that we arrested people. ”

I thought I could use Dongchang to scare away this ordinary person, but I didn't expect this person to raise his arms and shout:

"I thought it was an order from the Son of Heaven, but it turned out to be a lackey of Dongchang, flatten him!"

After speaking, he grabbed Wen Zhibing and began to punch and kick.

This man's name is Yan Peijie, and history will remember him.

The other spies just wanted to draw their knives to help, but they didn't expect more than 100,000 bold people to rush towards them, and if they were caught, they would be beaten violently.

Poor Dongchang spies usually only fight with people, when have they ever seen such a scene? At this time, they retreated and ran, only hating their father and mother for giving them two pairs of legs. Some of them ran into the houses and were pulled out and beaten violently, some jumped into the cesspool and were fished out, some jumped onto the houses and were killed, and some were kicked down and trampled to death before they could escape......

The matter was so big that even the murderous Father-in-law Wei was afraid, so he had to turn the big thing into a small one and gave an order: only bring Zhou Shunchang back, and the others will not be blamed for the past.

The people of Suzhou also have some tempers of the Donglin Party, and before the government can do anything, five people surrendered themselves.

They are businessmen Yan Peijie and Ma Jie, middlemen Shen Yang of the trading house, Zhou Wenyuan, a sedan chair driver, and Yang Nianru, a cloth seller.

A few days later, Zhou Shunchang was tortured to death by Xu Xianchun in the capital.

Zhou's coffin was sent back to Suzhou for burial, and in order to intimidate the people, the governor Mao Yilu, who had jumped into the manure pit during the mass riot, decided to execute the five men.

On the day of the beheading, the five of them looked calm, without any fear or remorse.

Shen Yang said: No regrets!

Ma Jie laughed: "We are victimized by the Wei traitorous eunuchs, we may not leave a name for a thousand years, go, go!"

Yan Peiwei laughed: "Please take the position, the students have gone!"

The five men were then heroically righteous.

Since then, there have been five fewer ordinary people in the world, but there are five more civilians in the world who have gone down in history.

Yan Peijie and the five of them have not read many books, but they are passionate and righteous, regard death as home, and have the integrity of a scholar.

What they sacrificed their lives to pursue was a belief in rebellion, and they were determined to die for it and go down in history.

I've seen how many villains who usually show their teeth and claws and run rampant in the township, but the key is to pee their pants from time to time.

These five people are usually ordinary, but they can calmly die in the face of righteousness, which explains what it means to be a real warrior.

There is another phenomenon I want to mention: four of these five people are merchants, indicating that Suzhou's commercial trade is very developed. In fact, Suzhou is the birthplace of Chinese capitalism, where China's earliest capitalists gathered.

More than 100,000 people boycotted the city during the five-civilian incident, which demonstrated the fighting spirit and strength of the bourgeoisie.

The spirit is commendable, but not thorough. In the final analysis, Yan Peijie and others still pursue the kind of fearless integrity of feudal scholars, and there is no idea of democracy and freedom in their minds.

The strength is acceptable, but it has no program, no organization, and is a spontaneous action. Therefore, the struggle against the struggle cannot be long-term and sustainable.

At this time, bourgeois ideology and system have begun to gradually become a development trend in the world, but the budding bourgeoisie in China has never grown and become the mainstream.

The Donglin Party represented the most advanced political group in China at that time, but they could not see the development of the world, nor could they see the development of the world.

Regret aside, let us know how important openness is for a country!

Without further ado, after such a big circle, what does the relationship between the five civilians have to do with Huang Zunsu?

Yes, very coincidental relationship.

It is this kind of coincidence that embodies Huang Zunsu's spirit of calmness and death.

Zhou Shunchang and others were arrested, and only Huang Zunsu survived among the seven gentlemen.

Mr. Huang prepared early, explained the aftermath, and waited at home for the spies to come to the door.

Unfortunately, if the spies who arrested Huang Zunsu wanted to arrest Huang Zunsu, they had to pass through Suzhou, which happened to coincide with the Five Civilians Incident. These people didn't make any money, nor were they arrogant, but unfortunately they were dressed in Dongchang clothes, so the people of Suzhou killed them by the way.

Huang Zunsu was still wondering at home, he had long known that Dongchang was going to arrest him, why did he wait for more than ten days and still didn't see anyone coming?

Huang Zunsu is a smart person, he understands a truth: under the nest, there are no eggs.

So he put on his own prison uniform and took the initiative to report to the Yamen, and a few months later, he was tortured to death by Xu Xianchun.

Death is unhurried, unyielding.

This reminds me of Cui Chengxiu, the first cadre of the Ann Party and the head of Wei Zhongxian's "Five Tigers".

How arrogant he was when he was in power, killing people without blinking, but when he knew that he was going to die, he ordered a large table of wine and food to be prepared, pulled out his big and small wives, and put on the antiques and treasures that he had looted over the years.

Then he cried while eating it, and smashed it, and took a bite, smashed an antique, and cried bitterly, just because he knew that these things no longer belonged to him.

After eating, crying and hanging, he really has no backbone.

It's just spineless, the corpse was dug up and scraped thousands of times, it's really a wretch!

At this point, the Donglin Party was destroyed, and no one could compete with Wei Zhongxian.

Writing this, my heart is heavy, I really don't want to write about the deeds of Zuo Guangdou and others, it's too tragic and a pity.

But thinking is irrepressible.

The era of the Donglin Party has passed, and the deeds of the Donglin Party have been swept away by the mighty historical trend, but it leaves us with a lot to think about.

Thought 1: What class should a country and a nation be led by?

The Donglin Party pursued the traditional idea of loyalty to the monarch until their deaths, believing that loyalty to the monarch was a matter of course and that they were willing to give their lives for it.

They never thought of governing the country themselves!

In those days, we can't blame their thinking.

What I want to say is that today, when democracy has become the mainstream of the world, our country needs a class.

This stratum must be educated, forward-looking, have firm beliefs, be indomitable for their beliefs, care about national affairs, worry about the country and the people, have principles and understand the law, and one thing, they must be stable in their thinking and have a certain number of people.

This is the elite class in my heart.

It is a pity that this stratum has not yet been formed, and most of China's intellectuals are busy with the market economy, and those who are concerned about state affairs are some angry young people who can only shout.

Reflection 2: How should this class be formed?

My answer is clear: learning and education.

Our nation as a whole, and intellectuals in particular, should learn from the mainstream values in the international community.

The reality is just as Bai Yansong said: Chinese's values are not recognized by the international community in many aspects, and they conflict with the values of the international community.

It was the Qing Dynasty that really brought China into modern society, and it was the Qing Dynasty that sent batches of publicly-funded or self-funded international students. Whether it is the scientific and technological system or ideological culture, the 20 to 30 years of the early 20 th century were an era of extreme prosperity and fruitful results.

Scientists, reformers, politicians, scholars, and literary giants produced in the past two or three decades have had a profound impact on Chinese society. However, Mao Zedong, the most accomplished statesman, did not study abroad, which cannot be said to be a regret, but a regret that the entire nation should regret.

If Mao Zedong, the founding father, had studied abroad, would he have become China's Washington, China's de Gaulle?

Retired after success, I admired these two people the most among the founding fathers.

No, there is another person, he is Sun Yat-sen, the father of the nation.

History cannot be assumed, but I still want to hypothesize: what would have happened to Chinese society if Dr. Sun Yat-sen had lived ten more years, and if he had given power to his colleagues who had also studied at him, instead of the speculative Chiang Kai-shek?

In the past 30 years of reform and opening up, the economy has developed, competitive sports have become strong, popular songs have developed, and film and television works have prospered, but the ideological and literary circles have been relatively silent, and no rookies have appeared among scientific giants.

We need top-notch, rational intellectuals who are worried about the country and the people to promote the prosperity of the ideological and cultural circles, so that a large number of intellectuals who are as concerned about national affairs as the Donglin Party members will appear.

These intellectuals should show their skills in the press and education circles and spread the mainstream international values to every corner, so that our nation can inherit the fine traditions and absorb foreign cultures.

I would like to be a small propagandist and constantly introduce good books, good ideas and good ideas to everyone. Even if the spark of thought is as weak as a candlelight, it can still illuminate the surrounding area.