Expression skills refer to the writing principles, rules and methods used in the article to express the content of the article, and the evaluation and appreciation of expression skills is to analyze what expression skills are used in the article, what content is expressed, and what artistic effects are achieved. The core of appreciation is aesthetics, that is, to explore the aesthetic factors in the work to achieve a certain aesthetic enjoyment. In comparison with the analysis and appreciation of expression skills, different styles should be considered from different perspectives.

Narrative essays (including prose) should be analyzed from the following aspects: (1) from the perspective of expression: whether various modes of expression are used freely and flexibly, the choice of narrator, the advantages of the first person and the second person, the arrangement of the narrative order, the use and function of inverted narrative techniques, the characteristics of description (white description, delicate and vivid), psychological description, detailed description, and scene description.

(2) From the perspective of material selection and tailoring: the treatment of the relationship with the center, whether the primary and secondary details are appropriate, and whether the material is typical, real, novel and powerful.

(3) From the perspective of expressive techniques: whether the symbolic method, contrast method, foil method, first suppress and then promote the method, the method of supporting things, the method of words and aspirations, and the method of borrowing scenery and lyricism.

(4) From the perspective of structural arrangement: whether the beginning and the end have their own characteristics, the structure is tight, complete and symmetrical, the foreshadowing is set off, the front and back are taken care of, the suspense is set, the waves are created, the beginning and the end are combined, and the twists and turns are caused.

(5) From the perspective of language use: whether the language is accurate, concise, vivid and vivid, what kind of unique language style it has (humor, spicy, plain, natural, concise, bright, subtle, deep, etc.), and what unique rhetorical devices are used (metaphor, personification, exaggeration, synaesthesia, etc.).

The novel should also be considered from the aspects of whether the characters are full and typical, whether the arrangement of the plot is reasonable, rigorous, and twisty.

Argumentative essays are mainly considered from the method of argumentation, especially the techniques and functions of metaphorical argumentation, analogical argumentation, extended argument, etc. The expository essay mainly highlights the characteristics and functions of things, whether the order is appropriate, etc.

The mode of expression refers to the ways and means used to reflect social life, express thoughts and feelings, and introduce things and affairs when writing articles. There are 5 commonly used expressions, namely: narrative (narration), argumentative, lyrical description, and illustration.

Narrative essays are mainly narrative and descriptive, with both explanatory lyricism and argumentation; expository essays are mainly explanatory, but also narrated, argumentative and even descriptive; argumentative essays are mainly argumentative, and have both narrative and lyrical.

Writing methods, also known as expressive techniques, refer to the various specific methods and techniques used to create images and reflect life in creation. Including: contrast, symbolism, support, words, aspirations (support things, metaphors), desire to promote first, foil (accentuation), exaggerated irony, lyrical scenes, before and after, etc.

Distinguish the different expressions of narrative illustration, argumentative description, and lyricism, and analyze their expressive functions: four narrative methods of narrative writing: forward narrative, flashback, interpolated narrative (sub-narrative).

The description of the narrative is divided into character description and environmental description.

The indirect lyrical way of the narrative: allegorical in the scene, allegorical in the matter, and reasonable in the matter.

Character description, environment description, detail description, and description should grasp the characteristics of things. "Painting eyes" is a figurative statement, which means that the writer should write the soul of the person, write the essence of the event, and write the scene to write the person's perception of the scene and the personality of the scene.

The description should be vivid and vivid, which is determined by the characteristics of the description, and it is also the place where the description is different from the narrative. The so-called vivid image is nothing more than to make the object of description appear in front of the reader in a tangible, sound, and vivid way, so that the reader can see the person as if he was there, and hear his voice. In addition, the method of description should be determined according to the characteristics of the object, and the description should often have a certain amount of emotion, and the description should be white and detailed.

Discussion: Opinions expressed on the goodness and badness of people and things, the value characteristics, and the role.

The argument of the narrative essay is the "finishing touch". The "finishing touch" of the narrative argument has the following three aspects: (1) to explain the meaning of things, (2) to express the author's 3) to reveal the theme of the article, lyrical: to express the author's strong subjective feelings such as love and hatred, likes and dislikes, and love and pleasure. There is direct lyricism and there is indirect lyricism.

Terminology evaluation in different situations: the main idea is deepened, the artistic conception is deepened, the artistic conception is profound, the artistic conception is beautiful, the meaning is intriguing, the words are near, the purpose is far-reaching: the language is shallow and easy to understand, and the theme is far-reaching.

Concise and informative: concise language and rich in content.

The meaning of the words outside the words is here and the meaning is in the other strings, and the words are endless and the meaning is endless: the subtlety is not a word, and it is full of grace: the meaning is implicit but not revealed, or the expression is not obvious, which is intriguing.

Analytical Techniques: Point out the main idea at the end of the article.

Finishing touch: Use a great sentence or two to point out the main idea.

Expressing your heart directly: Express your feelings directly.

Symbolism of words: The thoughts to be expressed by the feelings to be expressed are expressed with the help of the description and discussion of a certain thing or object.

See the big from the small: reflect the big theme from the ordinary and small things.

Get straight to the point: get to the point at the beginning of the article, without beating around the bush.

Conveyance: Expressing the theme of affection on a thing.

Foil: Use one thing to complement another to make the latter stand out.

Rendering: Tracing colors to enhance the effect.

Side depiction: contrast: The purpose is to highlight one side.

Nostalgia for the past and the present through the past and irony of the present: reminiscing about the ancient and sad reality.

起兴 (xìng): to foretell other things, in order to cause the things to be sung.

Scene blending, scene symbiosis, because the scene is born, borrowing the scene, lyrical, setting off the scene, blending into the scene, all the scenery is love, language characteristics, and the use of words outlines: concise language description, introducing the general idea of things.

Rich and colorful: the description is detailed and delicate.

Vivid: The depiction is realistic, mostly referring to people or animals.

The body and object are in a subtle and exhaustive state (phase): the description is meticulous and detailed, and the depiction is meticulous and vivid.

Poetic and picturesque: Argumentative is philosophical, incisive, and incisive, and the language is fluent: the structure is natural and fluent. Form and spirit: the form and content of the language structure are impeccable.

Concise and concise (practice): The language is concise and neat.

It's as simple as the words: no sculpture, no decoration. Plain, simple, fresh and elegant, the words are gorgeous and bright: clear and smooth.

Depression and desolation: low and vigorous, soothing sadness, etc. Male and vigorous: strong and vigorous.

The structure of the article is foreshadowed by the wording: the confession hint before the plot happens. Ambush pen: The first part is the clue buried in the back section.

Echo and echo: the interconnection between the front and back. Natural: The structure is very complete, as if it were naturally generated.

Writing skills: Fiction refers to the imaginary part of the article. Emulsion, blending: tightly combined.

Others: ingenious, innovative, unique, unconventional, unconventional, and self-explanatory: innovative, not in the same fashion.

When appreciating the language of a work, the following topics are often involved: (1) analyze the language characteristics of the work, such as accurate, concise, vivid image, etc., (2) understand the language style of the work, such as humor, spicy and natural, concise, subtle and deep, etc., (3) identify and analyze the rhetorical techniques used in the work and its expression effect.

The expression skills of appreciating works mainly include: (1) expression, such as narrative, explanation, argumentation, and lyricism; (2) expressive techniques, such as imagination, association, symbolism, rendering, contrast, first suppressing and then promoting things, words and aspirations, borrowing scenes, lyricism, and blending feelings into the scene; (3) material selection and cutting, such as whether the materials are typical, true and novel, and whether the details are appropriate, etc.; (4) the structure of the text, such as the beginning and the end of the foreshadowing, echoing before and after, setting up suspense, creating waves, connecting the upper and lower, starting and turning, etc.; (5) creating artistic conception, shaping the character image, and using rhetorical methods, etc.

It is necessary to grasp the role and effect of using eight common rhetorical devices.

Metaphor: It can be used in narrative and description to make things vivid and concrete, giving people a distinct impression, and in argumentative essays, it can make abstract truths concrete and profound truths simple and easy to understand. The use of metaphor can turn the ordinary into vivid, the profound into the simple, and the abstract into the concrete.

Analogy: It can make the reader have a distinct impression of the things expressed, produce strong feelings, and cause resonance. The use of analogy can make people or things colorful, vivid and rich.

Borrowing: It can highlight the image and make it specific and vivid. Borrowing can make a concrete image expressed.

Exaggeration: It can arouse rich imagination, better highlight the characteristics of things, and arouse strong resonance with readers. Exaggeration should be reasonable and reasonable, and its function is to set off the atmosphere, enhance associations, give inspiration, and enhance the effect of expression.

Duality: In terms of form, the syllables are neat and symmetrical, with a strong sense of rhythm, and the content is concise and concentrated, and the generalization is strong. With duality, the sentences are neat, the ideology is concise, and the lyricism is hearty.

Ranking: It can enhance the momentum of the language. When used to explain reasoning, the truth can be expounded more closely and thoroughly, and when used to lyricism, it can express feelings vividly and vividly. Its effect is to strengthen the tone, emphasize the content, and accentuate the feelings.

Question: The overall function is to provoke the reader to think. It is used in the title to attract readers, inspire readers to think, and better reflect the center of the article; it is used at the beginning or end of a paragraph, in addition to causing thinking, it also has a transitional role in connecting the previous and the next; and it is used in argumentative essays to make the argument in-depth and clear.

The question of "understanding the expression skills used by the author in the text and their effects (functions)" is answered by combining the original text information and the knowledge of the language learned. There are three main points to answer: 1. What method is used? Identify the type of rhetoric or presentation used in this statement.

2. What was expressed. Analyze what this rhetoric or expressive device is intended to express in the text, and be clear about the general expressive effect of this rhetorical or expressive device.

3. What is the effect or effect? It is necessary to be clear about the general expressive effect of such rhetorical or expressive devices, and to explain them in conjunction with specific sentences.

For the question of "understanding the meaning of the author's important sentences in the text", the answer is mostly in the original text or integrated in the original sentence.

(1) The principle of answer expression: 1. Be faithful to the question stem. The question stem contains the requirements of the question and some information about the answer, and the question stem often implies the scope angle and expression of the expression. Reviewing the question stem is the premise of doing a good reading question.

2. Faithful to the original. "The answer to the modern reading question is in the original text, don't think about it in a vacuum. This teaches us a basic principle of doing modern reading questions, that is, the answer is found in the text. Even if you can't find the original words and sentences to form the answer to some questions, you must understand the context and get the gist.

3. Be faithful to the rules of the language. The expression of the answers to the reading questions should be based on the requirements of the question stem and the answer information in the text, so that the main points are comprehensive, the content is accurate, the words are accurate, the language is concise, and the number of words does not exceed the specified number.

How to find sentences in the original text Answer question 1. Determine which paragraph of the sentence in the stem is in the original text, so as to delineate the effective area for selecting the answer.

2. Bright direction. Carefully review the question, clarify the question, find the direction of the answer, and then "look ahead" and analyze it in combination with the context (including the upper and lower paragraphs) to find the most relevant sentence to answer.