(ChinesePhoenix/Phoenix), a mythical animal and the king of birds in Chinese mythology and legend; Also known as Vermilion Bird, Dan Bird, Firebird, Pheasant, etc., in Western mythology, it is also called Firebird, Immortal Bird, the image is generally a flamingo with a relatively long tail, and the body is surrounded by fire, it is estimated that people have processed and evolved from the myth of flamingos. According to mythology, every time you die, you will be surrounded by a fire, and then you will be reborn in the flames and gain a stronger life force than before, which is called "nirvana". In this way, the cycle was repeated, and eternal life was obtained, hence the name "immortal bird". Like the unicorn, it is a general term for male and female, male is phoenix, female is phoenix, and its general name. Qi Fei is a symbol of auspiciousness and harmony. Like the image of a dragon, it becomes more and more complex the further it goes, with a red head, a rump, a snake's neck, a fish's tail, a tattoo, a turtle's body, a swallow's jaw, and a chicken's mouth. Since ancient times, it has become an important part of the Chinese culture.

【Appearance】

According to Guo Pu's note in "Erya Shi Bird", the characteristics are: "chicken head, swallow jaw, snake neck, turtle back, fish tail, five colors, and six feet high". "Out of the country of the Oriental gentleman, soaring beyond the four seas, passing through Kunlun, drinking the pillars, the weak water of the feathers, the wind cave of Mosu, the world is peaceful. "The Classic of Mountains and Seas: Tuzan" says that there are five kinds of character patterns: "The first text is said to be virtuous, the wing text is said to be smooth, the back text is said to be righteous, the belly text is said to be letter, and the text is said to be benevolent." ”

【Feng Ming】

According to the existing documents, it is inferred that the phoenix is like a flute and sheng, and the sound is like a bell and drum. The male and female are said to be enough, the female is full of songs, and the male and female are said to be loud.

The origin of about the Neolithic Age, a lot of bird patterns on the painted pottery of the primitive society is the prototype, about 6700 years ago in Yuyao, Zhejiang Hemudu culture unearthed, there is a carved image of double bird pattern on the ivory bone vessel, this double bird pattern should be the earliest record of ancient times.

According to myths and legends, the phoenix evolved from the bird totem of the Yin people in the East.

The earliest record of Feng seen today may be in the "Shangshu Yiji" chapter. The book describes that after Dayu controlled the water, a celebration ceremony was held. The music was presided over by Kui Long, and the birds and beasts sang and danced during the ceremony. In the end, one also came-"Xiao Shao is ninety, and the Phoenix Emperor is here." Kong Chuan: "The spirit bird is also, the male is called the phoenix, and the female is called the emperor." Zheng Xuan's note: "Yi, say that it is multiplied." "We note that here, it was regarded as a sacred bird that symbolized auspiciousness by ancient dwellings. The so-called "Laiyi", Zheng Xuan interpreted it as "multiplication".

[Note: The ancient sound of "Yi" is "Russian", which is close to the sound of "even". Therefore, Zheng Xuan's interpretation is "even", that is, the so-called "into (multiplication)", that is, the meaning of pairs. However, according to the meaning of the "Book of Shang", I think that the word "Yi" should actually be read as the word "dance" (Yi and dance are also interconnected. To come, that is, to dance. Therefore, in the following text, Kui said happily: "Yu!

In fact, in earlier pre-Qin documents, it appeared as an auspicious rui and a dancing god. "The Classic of Mountains and Seas, The Classic of Nanshan": "There are birds, and their shape is like a crane...... Named. ...... It is a bird, drinking and eating, singing and dancing, and the world is peaceful when you see it. "The bird sings to itself, and the phoenix bird dances to itself. "(Great Wilderness West Classic)" three colorful birds, one is called the emperor bird, one is called the Luan bird, and the other is called the phoenix bird. (The Great Wilderness of the West) "Poems and Volumes": "Yu Fei, Hui Qi Yu, also Fu Yu Tian." ...... Ming, in the high post. The sycamore is born, and the sun rises in the sun. Mao Chuan: "Huihui, Yusheng also." Also, with the birds. All the birds came to the Phoenix Emperor. Spread the phoenix emperor to many, it is the phoenix and the group flying. "White Tiger Pass" cloud: When the Yellow Emperor came, the sun came, and there must be many. ”

The question we are now faced with is whether these legends are just myths or a possible historical truth, in other words, has there ever been a real prototype of an animal in history? However, we cannot notice that the following record has been found in the oracle bone inscription of Yinxu in the Shang Dynasty (now in the area of Xiaotun in Anyang):

"Jia Yinbu, Huming Net, get the phoenix. Bingchen, won five. (A 3112).

(For the commentary, see page 324 of the oracle bone inscription in the Interpretation of the Forest)

According to Yu Xingwu, the meaning of this oracle bone inscription is: The king of Shang instructed his ministers to use nets to catch birds, and Yu Bingchen caught five phoenixes on this day. "Because it is a network of Pu, it is a phoenix. ”

From this point of view, in the Shang Dynasty, there was indeed a phoenix bird in China. So is this oracle bone just an isolated piece of evidence? No. In the inscription of the early Jin Wen "Zhongding", we can also read the following record:

“...... Return to the phoenix to the king. ”

The word "Shengfeng" mentioned in the article was also concluded by Guo Moruo to refer to life ("Interpretation of the Catalogue of the Great Series of Fortnightly Golden Texts", "Zhongding"). According to this, both the oracle bone inscription and the Jin inscription have unmistakable materials that show that until the Shang and Zhou dynasties, it was a rare but not non-existent bird.

After the Warring States Qin and Han dynasties, Fang was completely deified into a supernatural bird. However, it is worth noting that in the historical books of the Qin and Han dynasties, there are still records of the appearance from time to time. For example, "Zuo Chuanzhao 17 Years":

"My ancestor Wu Zhizhi is the place where the phoenix bird is suitable, so the name of the bird is in the bird master. ”

According to the "Book of Han", the Han Dynasty counted to the time of the bird, and the body of the bird was "five or six feet high".

"Later Han Shu Guangwu Ji" records: In the seventeenth year of the establishment of the martial arts, there were five phoenix emperors seen in Shaanxi County of Yingchuan. Quoted in "Dongguan Hanji", it says: "The phoenix is eight feet high." And according to "Jingfang Yi Biography": "Fenghuang Gaozhang Er. ”

The two Han Dynasty were the era of superstition, and many auspicious and strange things recorded in historical books were often not enough to be credited. But I'm afraid we can't assume that there won't be some credible element in it at all. At least there is one notable commonality in the physical characteristics depicted by the Qin and Han people, which is the extraordinary size of the body - from five or six feet tall to more than one zhang.

Let's take a more comprehensive look at the ancient accounts of morphology.

"Erya Shi Bird": "Phoenix, its female queen." Guo Pu noted: "Phoenix, Ruiying Bird." The head of the chicken, the neck of the snake, the jaw of the swallow, the back of the turtle, the five colors, its height is about six feet. ”

"Saying": "Phoenix, the divine bird also." Tian Lao said: The elephant of the phoenix is also, the front of the Hong, the back of the scales, the neck of the snake, the tail of the fish, the voice of the stork, the dragon pattern, the back of the turtle, the swallow's jaw, and the beak of the chicken. Five-color preparation, out of the country of the Oriental gentleman, soaring beyond the four seas, passing Kunlun, drinking the pillar, the weak water of the feathers, staying in the wind cave at dusk, seeing the world is peaceful. From the birds, all the sounds. The phoenix flock of birds is from tens of thousands, so it is the word of the party. "Erya Wing" explained: "Hong former, Xuan also." Lin latter, Toyoya. The snake necker, Wan Ye. Fishtailer, Giya. The stork voice, the vertebral also. Mandarin thinker, Zhang also. The dragon tattooer, Wen also. The Turtle Bearer, Takaya. Swallow-jawed, Fang also. ”

"Han Poem Biography": "Feng Ming male said that is, and the female said that it was enough." The faint sound is said to be solid, the morning song is said to be sounding, the day is said to be Baozhang, the song is said to be on the Xiang, and the set is said to be Guichang. (Quoted in "Taiping Yulan")

Han Li Ling's poem: "Ming Gaogang, wings are not easy to fly".

"Ruiying Map": "The phoenix does not peck at insects, and does not break grass." ”

There is also a legend about this in the "Han Poems Biography":

"The Yellow Emperor ascended the throne and gave favors. Chengtian together, cultivating virtue, only benevolence is the same, the peace in the universe, and the Phoenix Emperor has not been seen. Think about it, dream

Morning Xing, but to recruit the old man and asked: 'How is the phoenix elephant?' the old man said:

'Fu Feng, in front of Hong, behind the scales, snake neck and fish tail, dragon pattern and turtle body. Swallow jaws and chicken beaks. Dade, Negative Benevolence, Loyalty, Righteousness, Small Sound Gold, Big Drum. Stretch the neck, strive for wings, colorful preparations, sound the eight winds, and the air should rain at the time. The food is of good quality, and the drink is of good order. The past is the beginning of the text, and the coming is Jiacheng. Only the phoenix can pass through the heavens, respond to the spirit of the earth, the rhythm of the five tones, and read the nine virtues. There is a way in the world, and one of the phoenix elephants is a phoenix. The second of the phoenix elephant is the phoenix Xiang, and the third of the phoenix elephant is the phoenix gathering. The four phoenixes are the phoenixes in spring and autumn. If you get the fifth phoenix elephant, the phoenix will not live in it.

The Yellow Emperor said: 'Yu Xi, Yun Zai, how dare I be with Yan?' So the Yellow Emperor wore yellow clothes and yellow crowns, and fasted in the palace, and the phoenix came to cover the sun. The Yellow Emperor descended to the east step, the west, and bowed again, and the chief said: 'The emperor descended to the heavens, and he did not dare to disobey his orders. 'Feng Nai Zhi Emperor East Garden, set Emperor Wutong, eat Emperor Zhu, do not go. ”

There is obviously a lot of absurdity in this legend. However, it should be noted that the form depicted by Tian Lao is obviously from the same source as the "Tian Lao Shuo" quoted in the "Shuo Wen". The so-called "virtue, benevolence, loyalty, and righteousness" is quite puzzling at first glance (but this theory was widely circulated in ancient times).

In this regard, there is an explanation in "Hug Puzi":

"The husband is benevolent and green. The crested head is green, so it is called Dai Ren.

Gold is righteous and white. The phoenix neck is white, so it is said to be righteous.

Fire salutes, for red. The phoenix mouth is red, so it is said to be a negative courtesy.

Water behavior is wise, black, phoenix chest black, so it is still known.

The earth line is a letter, and it is yellow. The phoenix's feet are yellow, so it is said that the letter is also. ”

According to this, the mystical sayings of the Han Dynasty scholars are just a description of the different colors of the phoenix's body with the Confucian symbol of the five elements. Namely:

- the head is blue,

- The neck is white,

- The beak is red,

- black chest and back,

- The toes and claws are yellow.

Looking at the above records, they are all people who have not seen the real phoenix since the Qin and Han dynasties, and the various legends about the phoenix collected by the predecessors. There is no lack of absurdity and falsehood. For example, the so-called "passing through Kunlun, drinking the pillars, wetting the feathers and weak water" and "soaring beyond the four seas" in the "Shuowen" obviously come from the famous philosophical fable about "Kunpeng" in the chapter of "Zhuangzi Xiao Yao You". It is worth noting, however, that the legend seems to point to an animal that migrated back and forth from northwest to southeast. In response to a series of strange statements about tweets in the "Han Poetry Biography", Wang Niansun, a famous scholar of the Qing Dynasty, once pointed out:

"The song of a bird is not only different from the knots, but also more complex and loud, and even different sounds in response to the season, written into a rhyme. The language is added to the decoration, the matter is false, and the knowledgeable do not take it. ”

However, if we remove the magical and unbelievable elements in the legend, we can filter and sort out the following impressions from the morphological descriptions of the ancients:

1. The phoenix bird is very tall, about six feet to one zhang.

2. The phoenix bird has a soft and slender neck (snake neck)

3. The back of the phoenix bird is bulging ("the turtle's back, the dragon")

4. The beak of the phoenix bird is like a chicken, and the jaw is like a swallow.

5. There are patterns on the feathers of the phoenix.

6. The tail feathers of the phoenix are bifurcated like a fish.

7. Phoenixes feed on plants (bamboo roots).

8. Male and female phoenixes chirp differently. (The male is said to be "that is", and the female is said to be "full foot.") ）

9. The phoenix birds are good to gather as a flock, and they come into hundreds.

10. The phoenix bird is not good at flying.

11. Phoenix's burrowing. ("Dan Cave", "Wind Cave")

12. The phoenix bird has very high feet (like a crane), and its walking gait is proud and good at dancing. (The phoenix bird alias "", the word from "", Xu Kai note: ", the line is slow.) ”）

From this, we can raise a question - from the perspective of paleontology, was there a bird with the above characteristics in ancient China and worshiped by the ancestors?

The answer is yes, it did.

- This bird is the great ostrich.

However, more important evidence about the relationship between ostriches and ostriches has been found in archaeology. Xinhua News Agency on April 1, 1987:

"Following the rock paintings of Yinshan Mountain in Inner Mongolia, there have been new discoveries in Alxa Banner recently. Among them is an ostrich petroglyph (located in the Manzola Mountain of Alxa Right Banner)".

Prior to this (1976-1980), a large number of prehistoric primitive rock paintings were found in the Yinshan-Wolf Mountain area of Inner Mongolia. Located at the southern foot of Wolf Mountain, there is a group of ancient petroglyphs in Gelao Baogou (the location of the Han Dynasty Reverse Fang County). Among them, there is a striking petroglyph (1.28 m high and 0.60 m wide) in group 13. According to Professor Gai Shanlin, the discoverer of rock art:

"There are two ostriches (struthio) above the painting. In front of it was a headless figure of a human figure, and below it were five ostriches...... On the right side there is also a human face, with a long feather on the headdress. Underneath, there is a red deer with a tail and upper wings. Under the forefoot of the deer is an ostrich and an animal. There appear to be two mutilated limbs in between. At the bottom, there is a round shape, which looks like an abstract human face. ”

Professor Gai Shanlin pointed out:

"There are so many ostriches, human faces, deer, limbs, etc., that there can only be one explanation, that is, this is a scene of amusement and flattery. ”

So we have to ask, what god is enshrined here? Another petroglyph found in the same place provides an explanation for this question. It was a picture of the ancestors worshipping the sun.

"The figure is 042 meters high and 016 meters wide, halfway up the mountain. The sun worshippers stand reverently on the earth, arms raised and hands folded above the top, in worship of the sun. The round sun, which is worshipped, hangs high in the sky. ”

In addition, there are still a large number of images of the sun god and the feathered people in the petroglyphs of the same site. We know that it is the bird of the sun in China. And the dance of sacrificing the sun in "Zhou Li" is a kind of feather dance and feather dance. It can be seen from this that it is no accident that ostriches, sun, feathered people, and sun worshippers appear at the same time in the above-mentioned petroglyphs. In ancient times, the ostrich was actually worshipped as the bird of the sun god.

The time when ostriches were on the verge of extinction in China can be roughly presumed to be about 4,1600 years ago—this is the legendary period of the Huang and Yan Emperors. After this period, reports of the appearance of phoenix birds became more and more rare. Occasionally, it is regarded as a rare occurrence with auspicious meaning. (See "The Biography of Han Poems" above)

In fact, there is a gap of nearly two or three thousand years between the last record of "Shengfeng (Zhongding)" seen in the early Western Zhou Jin texts and the legend of the Han Dynasty Weijia about the rediscovery of the phoenix bird.

It was also during this period that the legend evolved from an animal totem based on a real bird in ancient times to a myth of a spirit bird with both religious and political significance.

According to the ancients, there were many different categories. There are different opinions, and many of them belong to the additions of the descendants of the Qin and Han dynasties. But there are four of the more famous ones:

1. Luan Bird 2

3. Plover 4. Plover

The luan bird, among all the different names, is probably the most well-known. Phonetically speaking, "Luanniao" and "Xuanniao" share a common etymology. And the form of the luan bird described by the ancients is even more different. A popular saying in Han and Jin novels is that the Luan Bird, the Xuanniao, and the Blue Bird are regarded as messengers of the god of spring, as well as symbols of the Eastern Princes and the Western Queen Mother.

There is also a saying that "the blue and black are the birds." But another contrary theory is that the form of the luan bird is "red, colorful, chicken-shaped, and five tones in the song." Gui Fu's "Explanation of Words and Meanings" inductor said:

"Red is the positive color of Luan, and the opinions are different. "The Book of Birds": Huang Feng is called Luan. "Spring and Autumn Wisdom" quotes Cai Heng from the history of the Han Dynasty: There are five people who are like phoenixes. The red ones are phoenixes, the yellow ones are eagles, the green ones are luans, the purple ones are cormorants, and the white ones are hooves. ”

Taking red as the positive color of Luanniao is actually training "Luan" as "Dan" (the two characters rhyme, the ancient pronunciation is similar), so that Luanniao is Danniao.

Dan Bird, also known as Dan Zhu, Zhu Bird, and Lizhu, are also aliases.

"The Classic of Mountains and Seas: The Classic of the Southern Mountains":

"The Mountain of Danxue...... There are birds, which are like chickens, colorful and literate. The name is said, the first text is said to be de, the wing text is said to be righteous, the back text is said to be lily, the text is said to be benevolent, and the belly text is said to be letter. It's a bird, eating naturally, singing and dancing, and the world is peaceful when you see it. ”

It is generally believed that the book "Classic of Mountains and Seas" was collected during the Warring States period, and this view of the "Nanshan Classic" seems to represent the views of people during the Warring States period.

According to records, the chicken that is considered to be the embodiment of "" is called "Golden Chicken", also known as "Golden Chicken" and "Red Pheasant", which is a beautiful bird unique to China and produced in Hunan, Sichuan and Qinghai.

"Notes on the Book of Water" "Langshui" quotes "Nanyue Chronicles", believing that this kind of chicken is a plover:

"Pheasants, pheasants, too. The brilliance is bright, the king shows off, and he is good at fighting. ”

This kind of golden rooster also had a name called "turtle" in ancient times. "Saying": "Turtles, red pheasants." Gui Fu's "Righteous Evidence" quoted the note of the "Book of Han": "Its tail hair is red and bright. "The Classic of Mountains and Seas": "The mountain of Shaohua, its birds are many red turtles, and they can resist fire." "Zhao 17 Years Left Biography": "Dan Bird Clan, the closed person is also." Zhu Yun: "Dan bird, turtle pheasant." ”

This kind of turtle pheasant is actually the prototype of the southern "Vermilion Bird" in the five beasts.

The turtle pheasant, also known as the "Chinese worm", is symmetrical with the dragon in the "Shangshu". ("Shangshu": "The sun, the moon, the stars, the stars, the mountain dragon and the worm.") "Note: 'Chinese insects, turtle pheasants. Colorful, so it is called the Chinese insect. From this point of view, the birds that are closely related to the so-called "" of the ancients are not the peacocks that many people are happy to imagine, but the black swallows and the pheasants that live in south-central China.

Li Shizhen's forest grass compendium increased the detailed investigation of this pheasant cloud: "Turtle, "Yi Zhou Book" is called a colorful chicken. Also known as golden chicken, golden rooster. The golden pheasant is smaller than the turtle, and the back is red, and the front five colors show off like peacock feathers. This is the so-called chicken in "Erya". The two are about the same kind, and the brocade chicken is especially brilliant. Or the cloud brocade chicken is its male. ”

There is a very noteworthy record in Xu Quan's "Correct Law" quoted in the "Yuanjian Class Letter": "In the era of the Yellow Emperor, the phoenix was the chicken. There is a certain credibility to this account. In the legendary era of the Yellow Emperor, ostriches - true wind are rare. It was probably at this time that the chicken became one of the main stand-ins.

In fact, the pictures after the Tang and Song dynasties were based on the image of the brocade (gold) chicken, enlarged and decorated.

"Shuowen" has the so-called "phoenix out of the country of oriental gentlemen", but in fact, this also refers to chickens. The so-called country of oriental gentlemen refers to Dongyi - North Korea in ancient times. And the "Compendium of Materia Medica" quotes the "Separate Record": "The chicken is born in Pyeongtaek, North Korea." This shows that the ancients believed that Korea was the origin of domestic chickens. The "Compendium of Materia Medica" also records:

"North Korea has a long tail song, and the tail is three or four feet long. "Its chickens also know the time, and they also know the sunny and cloudy. "When its feathers are burned, it can cause wind." "The ancients said that chickens can cure evil, and chickens are also spirit birds. ”

Refer to "Romance of the Three Kingdoms: Wei Zhi":

"Malaysia produces a thin-tailed chicken, and its tail is more than five feet long. ”

We can know that the long-tailed chicken produced in the East is another prototype after the Han Dynasty.

The reason why the chicken became the stand-in of the phoenix may be mainly due to its relationship with the sun - the rooster cries and the sun rises. According to ancient legends, there is a chicken on the Fuso tree where the sun lives, and when it cries, all the chickens in the world are singing, so that the sun rises, so the chicken becomes the symbol of the sun god.

"Yi Saying Hexagram": "Separation is the eye, for the pheasant." ”

Fenghuang, Luan Bird is also known as Lizhu. Lizhu is Danzhu, and the ancient name of the chicken is also called "Zhu".

"Erya": "The chicken is big in Shu." Shu, also recorded as "Zhu".

"Customs and Customs": "Hu Ji Zhu Zhu." "Naturalist": "People in this world call for chickens and blessings." On the other hand, legend has it that the pheasant is a good dancer, and therefore a dancing bird like an ostrich:

"The pheasant loves its feathers, and dances when it reflects the water. During the Wei Wu period, the south offered it, and the emperor wanted it to dance for no reason. Gong Yu Cangshu ordered the big mirror in front of it, and the chicken did not know how to dance without stopping. (The Alien Garden, Vol. 3)

More interestingly, the ostrich also had the name of a chicken in an ancient language, called "ostrich":

"The ostrich can be seven feet tall and go out of the country of Kurumos. The long-tailed cocktail is thin and long, and the one with a length of six feet is out of Korea. More than five feet long out of South Korea. ("Yuanjian Class Letter" quoted in "Jiao Guangzhi").

Understanding the relationship between the mandarin duck and the mandarin duck, we can know that the reason why Chinese is particularly fond of the mandarin duck among birds, often used as a symbol of love, is actually a common mythological and cultural origin with the custom of seeing the swallow as a bluebird, a high-media bird, that is, a bird of spring and love.

Let's take another look at the glyph of "phoenix" in the oracle bone inscription. In oracle bone inscriptions, there are two systems of phoenix character covers. The first system is the ancient character "peng", and the other system notes are from the character "fan". According to the Shuowen, the first system of phoenix characters is obviously hieroglyphics. And the second system phoenix character is obviously a shape and sound character.

We can notice that most of the fonts in these two systems of phoenix characters seem to prominently depict the two long feet of the wind bird. This is consistent with the size characteristics of ostriches. It contrasts strongly with the bird and 隹 characters that prominently depict the feathers of the wings.

Finally, I need to add that the original semantics of the word "" seem to be the beautiful bird. Just like the horse dragon and dragon horse in the animal, it is the universal use of the big and majestic.

To sum up, the worship originally originated from the ancient Stone Age, the ostrich - the sun god totem.

However, due to the extinction and non-totemic transformation of ostriches in the historical period, the legends about it have become more and more complex. On the occasion of the Shang and Zhou Qin herdsmen, the swallow and the golden (brocade) chicken have become stand-ins. However, after the Tang and Song dynasties, mandarin ducks, cranes, swans, eagles, and peacocks have all had a deep or shallow relationship with each other. Therefore, under the same lexical mark, zoological imagery with different semantics is injected. This evolution is also reflected in the evolution of the successive graphs. When we look at the pictures of the pre-Qin period, most of them are snakes with high necks and feet, and they still retain the characteristics of ostriches. The Han and Tang dynasties, especially after the Ming and Qing dynasties, gradually developed into a comprehensive form with the form of brocade (gold) chickens as the main body and decorated with peacock feathers.

Finally, it should also be pointed out that among the phoenix bird relics unearthed in the pre-Qin period, a bird with a very peculiar shape and a huge antler on its back is common. This bird does not exist in nature, and its origin is incomprehensible to the archaeological community. But if we notice the habit of herbivores (deer) at room temperature in ostrich flocks, then the mystery of the combination of deer and birds will not be revealed. Modern people often think that our ancestors were mythical fanaticists. However, my study of ancient Chinese mythology has increasingly convinced me that the most bizarre myths must have a basis in reality, and it is only up to us to see if we can decipher them through rational analysis. In this sense, myth is nothing more than a sublimation of ancient human experience.

1.3 symbol

The phoenix is a bird in people's minds and a symbol of peace in the world. The ancients believed that when the times were peaceful and prosperous, there would be flights. The oracle bone inscription of Fengqi is the same as that of the wind, which means that it has the omnipresence of wind and spiritual power, and the word huang is the emperor, which means the highest and greatest.

It is also a symbol of Chinese imperial power, often used with the dragon, the phoenix is subordinate to the dragon, used for the queen's concubines, and the dragon and phoenix are the totems with the most Chinese characteristics. There are also a large number of similar shapes in folk art. The phoenix also represents yin, although it is also male and female, and more generally it is seen as feminine. "Phoenix" and "phoenix" are commonly used in female names.

Considered to be the most noble of the birds, she is the king of birds (although she is fictitious), and there is a saying that "a hundred birds are a phoenix".

According to the five elements of yin and yang, the phoenix is red, and the five elements belong to fire, which is the elephant of the seven vermilion birds in the south. It is also one of the four spirits referred to by Chinese folk ("Rites and Fortunes", dragons, unicorns, and turtles).

In the form of Chinese thought, "" has been the most important auspicious and magical object in legend since ancient times, and it is said to be able to regenerate in fire, symbolizing beauty, wisdom and auspiciousness.

1.4 Archaeology

It is a mythical bird in Chinese myths and legends, and later became a symbol of the spirit of the Chinese nation together with the "dragon". But its origin has always been a mystery. In recent years, a white clay pot unearthed at the Gaomiao Cultural Site in Hongjiang City, Hunan Province, is stamped with the oldest pattern in China, which has a history of 7,800 years. This discovery shocked the archaeological community by providing extremely valuable physical materials for unraveling the mystery of "birth".

It is no accident that the oldest pattern in China is found in Hunan, Hunan is the hometown of China's rice culture, and the birth is closely related to the ancient rice culture, it can be said that it was originally the product of rice culture. The pattern unearthed from the Datang site in Changsha 7,000 years ago has a seedling in the mouth of the phoenix.

A large number of documents show that in the primitive era, the rice peoples of southern China used the "bird" as their totem. This has been widely recognized by the academic community. Last year, I found a picture scroll of the 44th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty in Hunan Province, on which the ** five rampant and thunder god were painted on it, which was the head of a bird and a bird in his hand. This image of the unity of man and bird is a typical product of bird totem worship - which shows that 390 years ago, the concept of bird totem worship was still very prominent in Hunan folk. So far, there are still sculptures of birds on the wind and rain bridges in the ethnic minority areas of Hunan, which can also be regarded as the cultural relics of bird totem worship.

This kind of bird, which was regarded as a totem by primitive humans, was called "Danque" in ancient times, also known as "Yang Bird" and "Luan Bird", which is closely related to the origin of rice culture. Volume 1 of "Gleaning Memories" says: "(Emperor Yan) sometimes has a Danque title of Nine Spikes, and those who fall to the ground, the emperor picks them up, and plants them in the field, and the eaters are old and do not die." The so-called "Dan Bird", "Yang Bird" and "Luan Bird" are the prototypes of the sacred bird. "Guangya" cloud: "Luanniao, Fenghuang genus." "

Because the culture is deeply rooted in the rice culture, "harmony" has become the basic characteristic of the image, "The Classic of Mountains and Seas, the Classic of the South Mountains" cloud: "It is a bird, eating naturally, singing and dancing, and the world is peaceful." Therefore, since ancient times, it has represented harmony, harmony and auspiciousness.

"The image itself is a product of the idea of harmony. On the one hand, it is a "two-in-one" unity of opposites, the male is the phoenix, the female is the phoenix, indicating the harmony of yin and yang, harmony and auspiciousness; on the other hand, it is a pluralistic and combined, on the basis of the bird totem, the integration of the characteristics of many different clans worshiped by the natural objects of the primitive era, the beauty of the collection. For example, "Shuowen" depicts the pluralistic and harmonious characteristics of the image in this way: "The image of the phoenix, the front and the queen of the Hong, the stork and the mandarin cheeks, the back of the dragon and the turtle, the swallow and the chicken peck, and the five colors are prepared." "

In Chinese culture, the image represents not only the "harmony" of natural objects, but also the "harmony" of human society. The "five colors" were later regarded as a symbol of the five ethics of "morality, righteousness, courtesy, benevolence, and faith" that maintained the harmony and stability of ancient society. For example, "The Classic of Mountains and Seas, The Classic of Nanshan" says: "() The first text is said to be virtuous, the wing text is said to be righteous, the back text is said to be lily, the text is said to be benevolent, and the belly text is said to be letter." "The Classic of Mountains and Seas, The Classic of the Sea" also says: "There are birds singing and phoenixes dancing." The phoenix bird is said to be virtuous, the wing is said to be shun, the text is benevolent, the back is righteous, and the world is harmonious when you see it. ”

In ancient times, it was also used to refer to virtuous people. Confucius, the great sage who advocated "harmony is precious", was the first person in Chinese history to be honored as a "phoenix". According to the Zhuangzi, the ancient thinker Lao Tzu once compared Confucius, "Lao Tzu saw that Confucius had five disciples, and asked, 'Who is the front?' and said: 'Zilu is brave. Secondly, Zigong is wise, Zeng Zi is filial piety, Yan Hui is benevolent, and Zizhang is Wu. Lao Tzu sighed and said: "I heard that there are birds in the south, and their names are phoenixes, phoenix birds, wearing holy infants, right wisdom and left sages." It can be said that the concept of cultural harmony encompasses all aspects of nature and society. This "and" characteristic of the image is also often used in related idioms. The ancient rice culture of Huxiang has given birth to such a perfect symbol of harmonious culture among Chinese folk, which is the third harmonious charm of Huxiang culture.

1.5 Totem of Chu culture

The Chu people's respect for the phoenix is derived from the original belief of their distant ancestors to worship the sun and respect the phoenix, and has a history of more than 7,000 years with cultural relics. Zhu Rong, the ancestor of the Chu people, was the god of fire and thunder. The Han Dynasty "White Tiger Pass" said that Zhu Rong "its essence is a bird, and its separation is a luan." "Bian Crow and Bird" notes: "Genus also". It can be seen that Zhu Rong is also the embodiment of the phoenix. A large number of patterns of human head snake body and human head bird body in the relics of Chu culture show that it was the ancestors of Chu who experienced the worship of birds with the "image of human heart formation", which opened the cultural origin of "dragon and phoenix Chengxiang" in China's legendary culture. Judging from the outstanding characteristics reflected in the totem worship in the clan system, Feng is the ancestor of the Chu people, so it is inevitable that the Chu people will worship and love it as the totem of the clan.

The phoenix is not only a sacred bird, but also a symbol of the dignity of the Chu people and the Chu country. The influence of the Chu people and the phoenix penetrated into all fields. For example, in the cultural relics of the Chu State, there are countless images, embroidered statues and statues of the phoenix, and the embroidery patterns on the clothes of the Chu people are also based on the phoenix. In addition, there are "phoenix bird double ring", "tiger seat phoenix drum", "phoenix dragon and tiger embroidered Luo Zen clothes", etc., the phoenix pattern painting of Chu can be described as a thousand postures, there are no wonders.

1.6 Huayun

In ancient times, it is a symbol of dignity, nobility and virtue, containing beautiful and extraordinary meanings, people out of the yearning and pursuit of beautiful things, some mountains and rivers and cities are named after "".

According to relevant records, there are 42 mountains called mountains on the mainland of our country today. Their name comes from the fact that they resemble a large bird that takes off or crouches, or because of ancient myths and folklore. This kind of wide range of duplicate names is rare, and it can be described as "Kyushu Many", these mountains are distributed in nearly 20 provinces, all over the country:

Chaoyang City, Fengcheng Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning Province

Hangzhou City, Ruian County, Zhejiang Province

Hengdong County, County, Qiyang County, Pingjiang County, Hunan Province

Yan'an County, Tongguan County, Ankang County, Shaanxi Province

Chaozhou City, Zengcheng, Guangdong Province

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nandan Tian'e, Hechi, Yishan four counties and cities

Pengshui Miao Tujia Autonomous County and Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County of Chongqing

Chengdu City, Xichong County, Dazhou, Sichuan Province

Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County, Hebei Province, Tangshan City

Jingshan County, Jiayu County, Daye County, Xuanhua City, Hubei Province

Songjiang District, Shanghai

Wujin County, Jiangning County, Jiangsu Province

Shaxian County, Fujian Province

Xinye County, Henan Province

Lanping Bai Pumi Autonomous County, Yunnan Province

Fengyang County, Anhui Province

Luobei County, Heilongjiang Province

Fengcheng City, Xiushui County, Yushan County, Jiangxi Province

Fenggang County, Guizhou Province

Longde County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, etc.

1.7 Cultural Orientation

The auspicious concept of the Chinese people has a long history, expressing people's emotional desire to pursue happiness and yearn for harmony and beauty. The Chinese people give the mascot moral and aesthetic meanings, and through artistic processing, it is deeply marked with the imprint of national culture. Specifically, the most influential worship culture in China is the four spirit dragons, phoenixes, turtles, and lins. The phoenix, a mythical animal and the king of birds in Chinese mythology and legend, can be reborn in fire, and it together with the dragon constitutes the dragon and phoenix culture. Just as the dragon was the symbol of the feudal emperor, the phoenix also became the Fu Rui of the concubine. The image of the phoenix is widely used in Chinese culture, and after artistic processing, it contains a lot of romantic colors. The phoenix is one of the four spirits of ancient Chinese animals and has an irreplaceable influence in the history of Chinese culture.

Prototype of 1.8

The zoological prototype of the zoological is widely believed to be a hybrid. According to the evidence and arguments cited in the book "Talking about the Dragon and the Phoenix" published by He Xin, a scholar of the People's Republic of China in 1987 and 2004, it is shown that the prototype animals of dragons are large reptiles, mainly crocodiles and monitor lizards, and the prototype animals are large birds, mainly large ostriches. Three generations ago, China's ancient land climate was warm and humid, these two types of animals existed in Chinese mainland, Paleolithic neolithic sites have crocodiles and ostrich fossils ostrich egg shell fossils found.

1.9 Allusions about

1. Sycamore perched phoenix

Sycamore is the king of the tree, and according to legend, it is a spiritual tree, which can know the time and the order. "Hearing and Seeing Records": "Sycamore birds dare not perch, stop avoiding". As the king of birds, he has the universe in his body, and he does not live in the sycamore. "Wei Shu Wang Xian's Biography" "non-sycamore does not perch" choose trees and perch, and then metaphorically choose the master and rely on the virtuous and talented; this kind of gentlemanly demeanor can also be found in Jiang Ziya and Zhuge Liang, who would rather be an ordinary angler and cultivator before encountering the "sycamore tree".

2. The elephant of the phoenix

Legend in the death will be reborn, according to legend can know the rise and fall of the world, is the best embodiment of the king's benevolence in the history of our country, is the barometer of the rise and fall of the troubled times, become the theological and political "image ambassador", the ancients have divided into five grades, with five kinds of behavior to mark the degree of political clarity, so the emperors of the past dynasties have taken the "phoenix singing the rising sun" and "a hundred birds towards the phoenix" as a symbol of peace in the prosperous era. Nanqi Xie Zhao's "Ten Songs of Yongming Music": "The colorful phoenix sings the rising sun, the Yuan crane dances the Qing Shang; ”

3. The phoenix seeks the phoenix

When Sima Xiangru, a writer of the Western Han Dynasty, was poor, he went to Linqiong, Sichuan to visit his friend Wang Ji, the daughter of the richest man in the local area, Zhuo Wenjun, the daughter of the grandson of King Zhuo, was newly widowed, and Sima played the piano song "Phoenix Seeking Phoenix" in public at the banquet of King Zhuo, so as to provoke Wenjun. Zhuo Wenjun peeked outside the window of the banquet hall and saw Sima Xiangru handsome and talented, so he eloped with him that night. The latter is a metaphor for men and women who love each other and men pursue women, and it also symbolizes the yearning and praise for a happy marriage.

4. The phoenix returns to the nest

In "The Phoenix Returns to the Nest", Cheng Pu, the "wrong of the wrong" soldier of the military department, told the old man to return to his hometown, and the daughter of the Yuan Match wife, Xue Yan, was ugly, and the concubine gave birth to the daughter Xue E, who was beautiful and intelligent. Cheng Pu loves the young and handsome Mu Juyi and wants to marry Xue'e to him, but his wife wants to marry his own daughter Xueyan first. On Cheng Shou's birthday, Mu Juyi came to pay his respects and was stayed in the library. Late at night, the snow goose went to the library under the name of Xue'e, and Mu Juyi saw that he was ugly and misbehaved, and mistakenly thought that he had been deceived, and ran away angrily overnight.

Cheng Pu was used by the imperial court and left home to take up his post. Zhu Huanran, the royal family, had long coveted Xue'e, and took the opportunity to change Mu Ju's name to come to Cheng's house to marry, and his wife secretly used the bag to marry Xueyan. The truth of the night in the cave room was revealed, and the two of them were like dumb people eating coptis - there were words of suffering. Cheng Pu pacified the thieves and took Xue'e to the army, Mu Juyi was also here in the army, and Cheng Pu brought up marriage again. Mu remembered the past and resolutely refused to marry, but the marshal and the prison army forced the main marriage. In the cave room, Mu saw Xue'e beautiful, surprised and abnormal, made amends again and again, the misunderstanding was eliminated, and the moon was full. The play is a comedy, with a series of interesting plots due to misunderstandings and "mistakes". In terms of plot structure, the use of techniques such as "keeping buttons" and "shaking off burdens" is quite successful. In the "study", Xue Yan took the name of Xue'e to pester Mu Juyi late at night, and Mu decided that Xue'e was an ugly woman, which laid the groundwork for "keeping buttons". In the "cave room", the bride is obviously Xue'e who is as beautiful as a fairy, but Mu Juyi stubbornly thinks that she is an ugly woman, refuses to be in the cave room, disgusted and irritable, and the main marriage Hong Gonggong and others do not know the reason, and are suspicious. This subjective and objective dissonance makes for comedy, causing the audience to laugh, and in the laughter, Coconut Elm Mu Juyi is "moving bricks and feet". When the "burden" was revealed, the curtain was opened, the misunderstanding was eliminated, and the unexpected discovery made the plot take a sudden turn, and the ecstatic Mu Juyi hurriedly apologized to the wronged Xue'e, which also attracted laughter from the audience. It is precisely because the "button" is well kept, the "burden" is shaken well, and the comedic suspense can firmly grasp the audience. "Phoenix Returns" was originally known as "Yin Yang Tree", also known as "Ugly Match", which was first written and performed by Mei Lanfang.

5. The phoenix is sonorous

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Chen Guo's doctor Yi's divination married his daughter to Chen Jingzhong, the son of Chen Ligong, and his wife divined the hexagram and said: "Ji, it is 'Fenghuang Yu Fei, and Ming Qiangqiang,...... Fifth Qichang, Yu Zhengqing. After the eighth generation, Mo Zhi and Jing'" (see "Zuo Chuan Zhuang Gong 22 Years") and Ming, that is, the male and female voices are harmonious, loud and harmonious, in this sentence husband and wife will be able to reconcile, and the future generations will be extremely powerful.

6. Birds and phoenixes

The Yellow Emperor ascended the throne, felt that the world was peaceful, and wanted to see the legend with his own eyes. For this, he consulted the elders. The elder replied: Manifestation is an auspicious omen, and it only appears in times of peace and prosperity. It's not easy to see it passing by, but if you can see it flying among the birds, it's a once-in-a-lifetime auspicious sight. The Yellow Emperor was very unhappy when he heard this, and he said: Since I ascended the throne, the world has been peaceful, why haven't I even seen a shadow? The old man said: There is Chiyou in the east, Shaohao in the west, Emperor Yan in the south, and Zhuan Xuan in the north. He saw a large bird with multicolored feathers soaring in the sky, and countless exotic birds danced around it. The Yellow Emperor knew that this big bird was, and it was also the Ruixiang he wanted to see—a hundred birds and a phoenix ("Han Poems").

7. Fengming Qishan

In the "Chinese Zhou Yushang", there is a record of a class of birds chirping on the Qishan Mountain in Shaanxi during the rise of the Zhou Dynasty. And the late Western Zhou Dynasty's "Book of Songs, Daya, Juan" also has a sentence: "Yu Fei, also Fu Yu Tian...... Ming, in the high post. It is also about the phoenix singing Qishan, so the phoenix bird is regarded as a magical auspicious creature in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the phoenix bird pattern is quite heavy on the utensils.

8. Nirvana is reborn from the ashes

"Guangya": "The male song is that is, and the female song is enough". After flying for 500 years, the negative incense wood flew into the temple of the sun, on the altar of Nirvana, the next day the hatchling, has hairy feathers, the third day the wings have been full, quit the temple master and fly away. "Huainanzi" astronomical training cloud: "The essence of fire is the sun" is the fire essence, which is the bird, which is the sign of the sun in ancient times, and is the so-called "golden bird". In the poem "Goddess" refers to the birth of a new China.

The record in the "Nirvana Nameless Treatise" is as follows: "Nameless said: The husband and man are empty and have no image, and all things are nothing but my creation. Those who know all things to become themselves are only saints! What is it? Those who are not holy are not holy, they are not holy, and those who are holy are saints, and saints are not different. Therefore, the Emperor of Heaven said: What should you ask for? Shanji said: If you can't ask for it in color, you can't ask for it in color, and you can't ask for it in color. He also said: Seeing the origin is seeing the law, seeing the law is seeing the Buddha, and the effect of things and things is not different. Therefore, the mystery of the people is not in the omen, and the hidden luck is about to melt, and the heart is always ** in the mirror, and it comes and goes to become an adult. Ancient and modern, always through, poor and extreme, Mo and two. Haoran Dajun is called Nirvana. The scripture says: Do not deviate from the Dharma and attain Nirvana. He also said: The Dharma is boundless, so Bodhi is boundless, and the way to know Nirvana is a wonderful contract. The result of the wonderful contract, it is the one of the underworld, but the thing is not different from me, I am not a foreign body, the thing is mysterious, it is infinite, the Buddha of the first to enter, and the latter to retreat, how can it finally begin in the meantime! ”

9. Very rare

"Rare" is often not used as a metaphor for rare outstanding talents or other rare treasures. Liu Yiqing, a native of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty, "The World Speaks New Language, Rongzhi": Huan Wen, a general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, also praised Wang Jinglun, the fifth son of Prime Minister Wang Dao, with the phrase "phoenix feather": "Jinglun looks like his father." Huan Gongwang said: "The big slave is inherently phoenixy. Lin, unicorn, a legendary beast. "Linjiao", like phoenix feathers, is also described as rare and precious. "Preface to the Biography of Northern History and Wenyuan": "Scholars are like cow hairs, and adults are like horns." It is now often used as a metaphor for rare exceptional talent or other rare treasures.

10. There is a phoenix to come

Flying and dancing, with beautiful manners. In ancient times, it was used as a metaphor for auspicious signs and auspicious inductions. "Hanshu Wang Mang Biography": "Manna comes from the world, Liquan comes out of the ground, comes to the ceremony, and the gods descend to gather." "Shangshu Yiji": "Xiao Shao" ninety, Laiyi" "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" eightieth chapter: "Since the accession of King Wei, the unicorn was born and came to Yi." ”

11. to attract the phoenix

In the Spring and Autumn Period, Qin Mugong tried his best to find a good match for his daughter to get jade, and one day he dreamed of a young man riding a phoenix, Qin Mu Gong sent someone to find a boy with a, and he knew that the boy with a was named Xiao Shi. Qin Mugong admired Xiao Shi's talent very much, so he gave him Lang Yuxu. Xiao Shi and Lang Yu were happy after marriage, because Xiao Shi was a god in the sky and could not stay in the world for a long time, so Xiao Shi rode the dragon, made the jade across the phoenix, and both flew to the sky. Later, "blowing the flute to attract the phoenix" is a metaphor for the ultimate in the rhythm of the flute and wind music.

There is a legend: reborn from the ashes. Legend has it that five hundred years ago, there was a kind of sacred bird, set incense wood nirvana, and then resurrected from the ashes, beautiful and very no longer dead, yes, called the immortal bird, that is. There is also a saying that it is said that the messenger of death is responsible for seducing people's souls, and the good people ascend to heaven and the bad people enter the earth. Nowadays, in some superstitious areas, there is still a legend of "hooking the soul".

12. The king of birds

The Vermilion Bird is a sacred bird, the king of birds, the ancients said, the male is called the phoenix, and the female is called the phoenix. Later, the dragon and the phoenix matched, and the phoenix became the name of the concubine of the court. According to mythology, the phoenix evolved from the bird totem of the Yin people in the East. The Classic of Mountains and Seas: The Great Wilderness of the West mentions that there are three kinds of colorful birds, called the emperor bird, the red bird and the phoenix bird.

The "Classic of Mountains and Seas" records a kind of bird, which looks like a chicken and has colorful patterns, and is called. The image of the illustration is beautiful from the beginning. Later, it was also the same as the image of the dragon, and the more it went on, the more complex it became, with a red head, a lun buttocks, a snake neck, a fish tail, a dragon pattern, a turtle body, a swallow's chin, and a chicken beak. (See "Huainanzi Lan Ming") non-sycamore does not inhabit, non-bamboo does not eat. It sings and dances to itself, and seeing it means that the world is peaceful. It is the head of the flock of birds, and its followers are tens of thousands. Dead on a mountain, a flock of birds come here every July and August to mourn it, after 17 or 8 days before it disperses, so the mountain is called "Hanging Mountain". The peoples of northern China worship the king of birds, the eagle.

The stereotyping and standardization of the phoenix is after the Liao, Jin and Yuan dynasties, so that our original phoenix with chickens and finches as the basic form has undergone great changes, especially the pair of strong wings, the eagle posture is prominent. The phoenix that we now see in artworks is actually the image after the Qing Dynasty, which integrates pheasant tail, chicken body, cockscomb, eagle eyes, eagle claws, eagle neck, peacock feathers, and mandarin duck feathers. Its tone is not as permanent and stable as that of a dragon. Xuanwu Xuanwu is a kind of spiritual creature composed of a combination of a turtle and a snake. The original meaning of Xuanwu is Xuanwu, and the ancient sounds of Wu and Shen are connected. Wu means black, and Shen means yin. Xuan Ming was originally a description of the turtle: the back of the turtle is black, and the turtle is to invite the turtle to the underworld to ask the first, bring the answer back, and show it to the world in the form of a divination. Therefore, the earliest basalt was the tortoise. Since then, the meaning of Xuan Ming has continued to expand. The turtle lives in rivers, lakes and seas (including turtles), so Xuan Ming has become the god of water, the turtle has a long life, and the Xuan Ming has become a symbol of immortality.

Like the other three spirits, Xuanwu has also been transformed from the twenty-eight constellations in the world: Fighting, Bull, Female, Void, Danger, Room, and Wall. In ancient times, people after the ancient times had the following interpretations of Xuanwu, "Xuanwu" means turtle. "The Book of Rites: Qu Lishang" cloud: "Okay, the former vermilion bird and then the Xuanwu ......" "Xuanwu" is a turtle and snake. "Chu Ci Far Travel" Hong Xingzu added: "Xuanwu is called a turtle and a snake. Located in the north, it is called Xuan. There are scales and armor on the body, so it is called martial arts. "Xuanwu" is a combination of snakes, turtles and snakes. But Xuanwu was upgraded by later generations of Taoist priests to become the emperor of the north - Zhenwu Emperor. It is different from the other three spirits. The other Qinglong and White Tiger only became the door gods of the mountain temple, and the Vermilion Bird became the Xuannu of the Heavens.

13 Feng Zhi A Fang.

Let's talk about the folk song first: "One female and one male, both fly into the Purple Palace"

"Fenghuang Fenghuang, why don't you fly back to your hometown?

Let's talk about a beautiful man who loves the country:

Former Qin almost unified the north at the beginning, and after annexing Former Yan, the lord of Yan had no choice but to enter the palace as gifts to his own children, Princess Qinghe and Prince Murong Chong. The two were favored at the same time, and the prince became a prostitute. It is said that at that time, Fenghuang was only twelve years old.

That's why there is a folk song that says: "One female and one male, both fly into the Purple Palace." Three years later, Murong Chong grew up, and because of Wang Meng's persuasion, Fu Jian was able to send him out of the palace to serve as the Taishou of Pingyang. Until Fu Jian was defeated in the battle of Weishui by Murong Chong of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Yao Chang and others attacked in Afang City, he wielded his sword and shame, and succeeded to the throne in Afang City in one fell swoop, claiming to be the emperor.

Then say that he is associated with:

Coincidentally, Afang is full of sycamores and bamboos. The legendary Fenghuang saw the sycamore, often fell down to rest, and ate bamboo to fill his stomach. What's more, Qiwu, burning Nirvana.Three years of shame in exchange for bloodbathing Chang'an.So Afang's green sprouts everywhere attracted the fire phoenix.And Murong Chong's small name said: Fenghuang." Fenghuang "is" is the common fake way of writing.

The Legend of 1.10

1. The related myths and legends were first spread in the East, so they are known as the Oriental Divine Bird and the Immortal Bird.

Western myths and legends also contain descriptions of mythical birds. In Guo Moruo's poem "Nirvana", it refers to the phoenix in Western legends.

Ancient Egyptian legend believed that an eagle the size of an eagle with golden feathers, glittering wings, colorful appearance, and melodious singing could bring blessings and longevity, and that there was only one in the world with a lifespan of 500 years. When dying, he would gather branches and herbs from aromatic plants to build a nest, and then set fire to Nirvana, and in the flames, a young child was born. The newborn young put the old ashes into a medicine egg, smeared the egg with antiseptic spice oil, and flew it to the sun god, who placed it on the altar of the sun temple.

The "" referred to above is different from Chinese legends. Western legends resemble an eagle, while Chinese legends are more akin to the image of a peacock.

2. The origin of the dragon is inseparable from the unearthed, and from the unearthed fossils of various animals, fossil specimens of dragons and phoenixes have never been found. According to legend, Xuanyuan Yellow Emperor unified the three major tribes and seventy-two small tribes to establish the world's first country with a common master. The Yellow Emperor intended to create a unified totem (similar to the current national flag, or the symbol of the state). On the basis of the totems used by the original tribes, a new totem was created - the dragon.

So how did it come about? After the totem of the "dragon" was formed, there were still some tribal totems left that were not used, so how could this be good? The ancestor of the Yellow Emperor's first wife, was an extremely intelligent woman, who invented silkworm breeding, made clothes and crowns for the Yellow Emperor, and invented and created many things. After the ancestor was inspired by the new totem formulated by the Yellow Emperor, she carefully selected the remaining totems of various tribes, carefully examined them, and also imitated the method of the dragon totem formulated by the Yellow Emperor: peacock head, swan body, golden chicken wings, golden mountain chicken feathers, golden finch color...... Composed of a beautiful and gorgeous big bird, the ancestor called the other three wives of the Yellow Emperor to ask for their opinions, Fang Lei is a scheming woman, she said to the ancestor: "Sister, this big bird you form is like a beautiful rooster, but it is a bachelor, the mandarin ducks in the water are still in pairs?" At that time, Tongyu's family and mother-in-law also applauded in unison, saying that what Fang Lei's said was reasonable. The four of them worked together to quickly form another gorgeous bird from the remaining small totems that were not used on the 'dragon' totem. It happens to be paired with a large bird composed of a mother. But what are they called? This can stump the four wives of the Yellow Emperor. In the end, they still invited the scheming Fenghou and the word-making Cangjie. Tell them to name the two big birds. After looking at it, he laughed and said: "The Yellow Emperor made a 'dragon', which cannot be found in all kinds of birds and beasts in the world, and the four of you have made two big birds, and it cannot be found in the flocks of birds flying in the air." This becomes the most precious mascot in the world." Cangjie was engrossed in watching the two birds in detail, without saying a word. Until the ancestor asked him, Cangjie blurted out the name that he had already thought of in his mind and said: I think it is called 'phoenix' and 'phoenix'. The phoenix represents the male, and the phoenix represents the female, and it is called when it is connected".