Chapter 11: Needham's Paradox

The Qin Dynasty in the Wujing Library flipped through the books one by one, and unlike before, this time it was not to study, but to look for books on why the exercises lagged behind the science. In fact, the exercises lagged behind science, not only the Qin Dynasty had a headache for this, but the entire Martial Arts Hall has been trying to explore and solve this problem for generations, so there are a lot of books in the Martial Arts Library that talk about this matter.

Flipping through it as quickly as a camera, suddenly Qin Chao picked up a book of "Interesting Talks about Streams and Mountains".

"Maun?"

Qin Dynasty looked at the name of the author of this book, his eyes lit up, the name of Mu En, is not very famous in the official history, but in the history of Tianlong Temple, it has been remembered a lot, especially after coming to this martial arts hall, after reading the information for more than ten days, Qin Dynasty knows that he is one of the three highest achievers in the martial arts hall, especially he was originally in the middle and lower class in the temple of Tianlong Temple, but when he arrived in the martial arts hall, he became the one with the highest achievement, which made his glory shine extraordinarily.

"This Mu En is not the person with the highest three achievements now, and he is also the highest of the three achievements in the entire history of Tianlong Temple. Qin Chaolian opened the book.

"Things have nature, things have ...... apart, and there are close but cannot be " After reading the preface, the Qin Dynasty was even more happy, this is actually a collection of essays on the problems and solutions in the process of creating exercises.

"What is the difficulty of merit, what is the difficulty? The difficulty of immortals ......"

At first, it is an inquiry, then it is like a story about its own exploration, and then it is about the problem I encountered, and this problem is actually ......

"People, gods, ghosts, and immortals, each living in the same realm, now there is a ......"

Looking at this question, Qin Chao fell into deep thought, this Mu En is different from others, and the questions given are based on the chronological order of the problems he encounters, rather than the normal order from easy to difficult, so this question has a certain depth.

"Humans, gods, ghosts, and immortals, each living in one realm?" Suddenly, Qin Chao's eyes shone brightly.

"This question seems simple, but it is difficult to prove, I said how to look familiar, it turns out that this is the same nature as the famous 'four-color problem' in the previous life. The Qin Dynasty was pleased in his eyes, and the four-color problem, also known as the four-color conjecture and the four-color theorem, was one of the three major mathematical problems in the past and modern times.

First proposed by the British university students of 'Goodry', mathematicians have racked their brains to prove this theorem for a century, but to no avail.

"The four-color problem, simply put, is that when making a map, each country is colored with a different color, and the countries on the adjacent borders must be colored differently, and only four colors are used. ”

Qin Chao looked at this first question and sighed.

In the previous life, in order to solve the four-color problem, the concepts and methods introduced even stimulated the growth and development of topology and graph theory, but in the end, it was not people who solved this problem, but computers.

"This Mu En is worthy of being one of the three most accomplished giants of the Martial Arts Hall, and the first question raised by this is so profound. ”

The four-color conjecture becomes the four-color theorem.

In June 1976, it took 12oo hours, that is, a full 5o day, and 1oo million judgments to complete two different electronic computers at the University of Illinois.

"5o days, 1oo billion judgments!"

Qin Chao shook his head, it takes 5o days for computer programs to calculate, so how can Mu En be 'smart'?

Lowering his head, looking at the next problem that Mu En encountered, Qin Chao was stunned again.

"Damn, isn't this an E9 structure?"

Qin Chao's eyes flashed, both surprising and complicated, the root system diagram composed of 27o vectors in 8-dimensional space is the E9 problem, which is also a mathematical problem in the previous life, although it was not solved by the computer, but it also stumped the world's top mathematicians for more than half a century, until 1988 by the German scientist 'Geva' to give proof.

"This four-color problem and the E9 structure have been considered an answer to me, but it is ...... to the ancients"

Turn over the question and continue to look down, and then-

Fixt Question!

Kepler's conjecture!

Etas Paradox!

......

Some familiar problems in the past life appeared from time to time, some of these had been solved in the Qin Dynasty, but there was also one that was not solved at that time, of course, in addition to some logical problems, there are also some other scientific conjectures and problems, the whole humanities, methods, tools and many other aspects of the creation of doubts Mu En also wrote. Putting down "Interesting Tales of Streams and Mountains", the Qin Dynasty looked at other people's narratives again.

One day, two days, time passes.

January 31.

In the Wujing Library, the Qin Dynasty's reading territory has been from the extreme depths of the Wujing Library, to the place near the middle, the deeper the Wujing Library is hidden, the more shallow the knowledge, that is, the Qin Dynasty has crossed the shallow water area, to the middle water area of the Wujing Library, and Qin Hu, Qin Long and others Although the degree of study is far less than that of the Qin Dynasty, they have also gained a lot, at this time Qin Hu changed a book, took the book and walked in the direction of the Qin Dynasty, when he saw the expression of the Qin Dynasty reading the book.

"Huh?"

Qin Hu was surprised at this time, and there was actually a faint smile on Qin Chao's face.

"Smile?"

In the past few days, in order to enter the Qin Dynasty, he has been looking for information in the Wujing Library, but his face has been tightened, as if he owes him a debt all the time, so frightened that Qin Hu didn't dare to talk much when he ate, for fear of disturbing the Qin Dynasty's thinking.

"I'm going to give an answer tomorrow, it seems that Xiao Chao already has an idea. Looking at Qin Chao's smile, Qin Hu's heart couldn't help but feel light.

"Smack!" At this time, Qin Chao directly put the book in his hand back on the shelf, and then walked to the side, closed his eyes and rested.

"I'm not afraid of itching if there are too many lice!

At first, the Qin Dynasty wanted to find a way out of the whole problem.

After three days of research and combing, on the whole, the slow progress of the entire martial arts hall or the entire world of meritorious service is caused by comprehensive reasons such as system and culture, or the social environment of the entire Confucian cultural circle.

"China had a Needham problem in its previous life, and now it has this problem, it's really like ......"

Needham's conundrum was about Chinese society as a whole.

Joseph Needham, a British biochemist, famously put forward a paradox when he was studying the history of Chinese science and technology in 193o: "Although ancient China has made many important contributions to the exhibition of human science and technology, why did the scientific and industrial revolutions not take place in modern China?", and the later Qian Xuesen's question and Silber's problem are also a continuation of this pair of doubts.

"And then there's another big problem with Chinese medicine! ”

The solution to Joseph Needham's problem can be said to be a matter of many opinions, and progressives in China and internationally have been exploring this truth, but there has been no suitable answer for nearly a hundred years, until Scartzer wrote the book "The Mystery of Vanishing".

In this book, Scartzer gives the answer, but it is a comprehensive answer.

Like what:

Regime: 13.72%

Culture, Philosophy: 15.21%

Perspective on the Science Itself: 18.11%

......

Scartzer classified the reasons for China's modern scientific and technological backwardness, and listed the proportion of each factor one by one, and there were as many as 29 small items in this classification.

This answer is basically close to the truth, but it can also be seen that there is a complexity.

The coincidence of the formation of system, culture, customs, language, geographical location, etc., which finally led to the backwardness of modern science and technology in China.

And these reasons also restrict the exhibition of the martial arts hall.

As for Chinese medicine.

In that era, TCM could not keep up with the pace of the times, and the reasons were naturally equally complex, but the main reason was the lack of quantification in the theory and clinical practice of TCM itself.

A science can only be considered to be truly perfect when it is successfully applied to mathematics.

However, there is no way for TCM to use an accurate and digital language structure to describe the physiology, pathology and the process of disease and syndrome development in the field of TCM.

"Traditional Chinese medicine is full of ambiguity, abstraction, randomness and complexity, but this is ...... to create"

Chuanggong is the same as Chinese medicine.

Some places are also probable, probable, and approximate.

"What is the most important thing to need for a certain scientific exhibition in a previous life?"

"What is an indispensable tool for the exhibition of science?"

"Precise, not blurred!"

Generally, probably, generally, there is no big problem in creating a simple practice, but once you go to a high depth, it will be difficult.

"So ......"

"It's the standard, it's the logic, it's the math, it's the calculation!

The Qin Dynasty closed its eyes, and the higher and deeper it went, the more important the tool of mathematics became, knowing that the general theory of relativity, if there was no complex variable function, how could the relationship between gravity, time, and space be expounded?

It can't be done by the Qin Dynasty.

And even if it can be given, it will require a lot and a lot of calculations.

"In the past life, when science was exhibited to a certain extent, computers were needed. ”

Taking a slight breath, the Qin Dynasty also had a headache, like the previous life when New China had just been established, at that time there were bulls like Hua Luogeng and Chen Jingrun in the mathematical world, as well as a large number of other mathematicians, and the theory was also at the international level, but he still had to try his best to build a computer, why, it was because of the needs of science.

"In the previous life, China's first atomic bomb was calculated by a computer, and it was the second computer developed by China, which operated more than 10,000 times per second, the first of 58, the second in 59, and the third in 6o...... But here, although I know how computers are made, how can I make them? Not to mention circuit boards, even transistors, not even the most primitive vacuum tubes. ”

"I can't make a computer, but I ...... mathematical theory"

Computers are very effective for a large number of repetitive calculations, but others, especially mathematical theories, are really indispensable at this stage.

The atomic bomb did not have a computer, and theoretically it may not be impossible to calculate it with an abacus that often accumulates months.

But without advanced theory, even if you have a computer, you can't calculate an atomic bomb.

"Calculus, functions, matrices, geometry, all kinds of equations, theorems, paradoxes, formulas, ......" Qin Chao's mind flashed through the various mathematics he had learned in his previous life, except for some algebras, each of the remaining ones was brought to the present, and it was difficult to measure the efficiency improvement of the internal power of the creation of zĂ o.

"Perhaps, it's time to bring out some real things. ”

Opening his eyes, Qin Chao glanced at Qin Hu not far away: "Let's go, call Wuxi, Pengyang, and Xiaozhi, and I have something to promulgate when I go back." ”

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