There were a lot of poems yesterday, and today I will talk about piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, and painting skin.

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1. Musician Shi Yan

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Shi Yan, the musician of the Yin Dynasty. Since the Emperor. Successive dynasties, his family inherited this position. When Shi Yan was able to accurately tell the sound of yin and yang and judge the meaning of the inner letter, people never understood Shi Yan.

He has lived through a long period of time, sometimes born and sometimes hidden.

At the time of Xuanyuan, Shi Yan was an official of Si Le. By the time of Yin Shang, he had comprehensively revised the music of the Three Emperors and Five Emperors, and had reached the point where he could make the gods of the earth come out and listen to it by playing the harp.

Shi Yan was hundreds of years old in the Xuanyuan era. He was able to discern the signs of the rise and fall of generations from the music of the nations. At the end of the Xia Dynasty, he went to Yin Shang with a musical instrument.

However, by the time of King Yin, because he was immersed in the king's lust, he detained Shi Yanyou in the underworld and prepared to be executed. Shi Yan played the music of the Qing Shang Liuzheng Horn in the Yin Palace, and the jailer guarding the Yin Palace had already heard it in the palace of the King of Xu, so he said in disgust: "These are the simple music of a long time ago, and they are not something that people like us can enjoy!"

Shi Yan played the lustful sound again, and used this music to express the joy of repairing the night, so that the prison guards who guarded him were fascinated by it, and he took the opportunity to escape and avoid the punishment of being burned.

On the way to escape, Shi Yan heard that King Wu of Zhou was fighting against the Emperor, so he sank in the water while wading through the Pushui.

Some people say that Shi Yan died in Shuifu.

Therefore, the people of the Jin Kingdom and the Wei Kingdom engraved stones and cast gold to depict the image of Guru Yan, and there were constantly people who set up shrines for Shiyan to worship him.

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2. Drums

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The drum is a musical instrument that came to China from other cities. The gelding ram's skin is used to make the drum skin, so it is called the drum drum.

The sound it emits is mainly one degree in the twelve laws of the ancient times, the second law of the yang law.

In ancient times, ethnic minorities in Qiuzi, Gaochang, Shule, Tianzhu and other places used it.

Its position is below the drum and the drum, and above the drum of the chicken basket. Surrounded by fine mulberry wood into lacquer barrels, supported by ivory-inlaid bed frames, and struck with double mallets, the sound it produces is rapid, majestic, and roaring, especially suitable for expressing fast-paced music, urgent, and broken rhythms.

It can be percussed to cheer for the sergeant's battle formation, and it is also suitable for high-rise buildings, and it is also suitable for dancing and entertainment games during festivals or social fires.

At this time, the moon is clear and the sky is high and far away, and its function is different from that of many musical instruments.

The mallet cane of the drum is generally made of sandalwood, dog bone, pepper and other woods.

But before making it, the wood must be dried thoroughly. Remove all moisture and leave it pliable and slippery. Only when it is completely dry does the drum sound loudest. Only when it is slippery and greasy can it be hit on the drum surface with the same effect as a war horse's hoof smashing. Rigid iron must be used when wrapping the paint barrel. The iron is refined, and the roll should be rolled evenly.

If it is not rigid, the edge of the roll is uneven up and down, and the tightness is different.

If it is uneven, the drum skin on the drum surface is tight and loose, and the strength is uneven.

Just as the string tie is not good and the sound of the piano is not accurate, the sound of such a drum when struck is also high and low, loud and heavy, and out of tune.

Tang Xuanzong is proficient in music and rhythm, which can be said to be a talent given to him. Whether it is wind music or string music, he is very accomplished and has a deep understanding of the mysteries.

If you want to write a tune, you can do it at your fingertips. There is no discipline, but the length is just right, and the plucking is in line with the beat. As for the change of voiced tones, the timber of the musical rhythm, the arrangement of the main and minor melodies, the instrumental parts, the overlapping, and the use of repeated passages, even the spaciousness of ancient times could not surpass him.

Tang Xuanzong was particularly fond of drums. He used to say, "The drum is the leader of the eight sounds, and no other instrument can compare with it." ”

"The leader of the eight tones, all music is incomparable. ”

Once, it was about the beginning of February, when the scarf was finished, the rain began to clear, and the scenery was bright. In the pavilion of the small hall, Liu Xing will vomit.

Xuanzong touched the scene and said with appreciation: "In the face of such a beautiful morning scenery, how can you not enjoy the music?" The eunuchs and palace ladies who followed Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty looked at each other after listening to it, thinking that Xuanzong was letting the wine and feast it, only the great eunuch Gao Lishi understood Xuanzong's mind and asked people to get drums for the emperor.

Xuanzong also asked people to put the drum on the platform under the eaves in front of the palace, and he immediately struck a song called "Good Spring."

Xuanzong pointed to the willow buds and apricot blossoms that shook open, and said to the palace ladies and eunuchs: "Just because of this matter, don't you call me the supreme handsome of heaven and man?" Everyone shouted: "Long live! You are the supreme handsome!"

Xuanzong also made the ancient song "Autumn Wind High", every time the autumn sky is clear, and the slenderness is not enough, it is played. The wind will come from afar, and the leaves of the court will fall, and its wonder will be so fascinating.

Li Guinian is also good at playing the drum. Once Emperor Xuanzong asked him, "How many drum sticks did Qing discount?"

He replied, "The minister has discounted fifty drum sticks so far." ”

The emperor said, "You don't have special kung fu. I've discounted the drum sticks of the three cabinets!"

A few years later, I heard that Emperor Xuanzong had discounted a drum cane.

Li Guinian simply cast a drum stick with iron.

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3, Wang Xizhi

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Wang Xizhi, a native of the Jin Dynasty, is the son of Wang Kuang.

Wang Xizhi was good at calligraphy at the age of seven. When he was twelve years old, he saw a book in his father's pillow called "Pen Shuo", which was talked about calligraphy by previous generations, and quietly took it out to read, and was discovered by his father.

Father asked, "Why are you peeking at my cheats?"

The mother asked, "What do you see with penmanship?"

When his father saw that he was still young, he was afraid that he would not be able to pay attention to him, so he said to him, "When you grow up, I will teach you calligraphy." ”

Xi Zhi leaned down and bowed down and said, "Dad, this book is a secret book, let the child use it now." Wait until adults use it again, won't that delay the development of children's young talents?"

His father was overjoyed, so he handed over the secret book to Xizhi to use.

In less than a month's work, Wang Xizhi's calligraphy has made great progress.

When Wang Xizhi's teacher, Mrs. Wei, saw this situation, she said to Taichang Wang Ce: "Xizhi, this kid must be reading the pen." In recent days, I have seen his calligraphy, which is very old-fashioned. ”

Mrs. Wei was so excited that she burst into tears and said, "This child will definitely be able to cover my reputation in the future!"

When the Jin Emperor was in power, the blessing board of the northern suburbs was replaced. The words carved by the craftsmen, written by Wang Xizhi, are three points into the wood.

Wang Xizhi wrote "Orchid Pavilion Preface" at the age of 33 and "Huang Tingjing" at the age of 37.

After the book was finished, someone in the air said: "Qing's calligraphy has touched me, let alone the world? I am the Tiantai scribe Zhensheng Zhong Xuan!"

Most of Wang Xizhi's calligraphy is not a typeface. He is good at calligraphy, calligraphy, eight points, flying white, chapter grass calligraphy, the subtlety of all families into a furnace, self-contained.

Wang Xizhi's calligraphy is ever-changing, and it is God who has endowed him with this skill and talent. Wang Xizhi's subordinates, lines, grass, chapter grass, and flying white are all superb, and eight points have entered the wonderful realm.

His wife Xi also writes a good hand. He had seven sons, and Wang Xianzhi was the most famous. In addition, there are four sons: Xuanzhi, Ningzhi, Huizhi, and Caozhi, all of which are cursive.

Wang Xizhi once wrote a letter to Yu Liang in chapter grass.

After Yu Liang received the letter, he showed it to Yu Yi. Yu Yi admired Xizhi's calligraphy, and immediately replied to Xizhi: "I used to collect eight pieces of Zhang Zhi's chapter grass, which were accidentally lost during the journey to Jiangbei, and I often sighed that the wonderful deeds will never be seen again." Suddenly, I saw your brother Yu Liangshu, shining with brilliance and shining like a god, and suddenly it was as if the true handiwork of Zhang Cao that I had lost during my journey reappeared in front of me!"

Later, Wang Xizhi resigned from the post of internal envoy of the Huiji, and the whole family moved to live at the foot of the mountain.

One morning, Wang Xizhi saw an old lady carrying more than a dozen hexagonal bamboo fans to the market to sell them. Wang Xizhi chatted with the old lady and said, "Do you want to sell all these fans? How much does a handful cost?"

The old lady said, "Twenty cents a handful." ”

Wang Xizhi took out a pen to inscribe the fan. Five words were inscribed on each fan, and the old lady said regretfully: "Our family still relies on these fans to sell money to buy rice for breakfast, why did you write it badly for me?"

Wang Xizhi said: "It's okay. You just say that it is the character inscribed by Wang Youjun, and it sells for a hundred texts. ”

As soon as they arrived at the market, people rushed to buy them. After more than ten days, the old lady took a basket of fans and asked Wang Xizhi for an inscription, Xizhi smiled and did not ask for another inscription.

Another time, Wang Xizhi personally wrote a table dedicated to Emperor Jin Mu, the pen and ink were hearty, the book was as good as people wanted, and he was dedicated to refinement.

After Emperor Mu of Jin saw this watch, he ordered someone to find paper of the same color and style, cut it into the same length, width and narrowness as Wang Xizhi's book table, and asked Zhang Yi to follow Wang Xizhi's book style and write another table, and after inscribed the name, he used it to thank Wang Xizhi.

Wang Xizhi didn't find anything when he first saw it. After playing carefully and repeatedly, he naturally sighed and said, "This is an unknown villain who imitates my calligraphy, and it is almost to the point of being fake." ”

Wang Xizhi likes geese the most.

There is a Taoist priest in Shanyin Tan Village who raised more than ten white geese. Wang Xizhi got up early in the morning and drove a small boat along the current to watch the geese. After seeing it, he was very happy and discussed with the Taoist priest to buy this group of geese.

The Taoist priest refused to sell it to him. Wang Xizhi explained in every possible way how he loved these geese, but the Taoist priest still did not sell them.

This Taoist priest likes to talk very much, and has long wanted to find someone to copy a copy of Lao Tzu's "Tao Te Ching", and the white silk for copying the scriptures has already been placed, but no one can write it.

The Taoist priest said, "If you can personally write two chapters of Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching for the poor Tao, I will give you all these geese for nothing." ”

Wang Xizhi stayed with the Taoist priest for a long time, wrote his "Tao Te Ching" for the Taoist priest, and returned home with this group of white geese in a cage, feeling great happiness.

Once, Wang Xizhi went to the house of one of his disciples. The disciple set up a table of sumptuous wine and food to feast on his teacher, and he was very moved. Wang Xizhi wanted to leave a few words for the student's book to express his gratitude, and saw a newly made quimb table on the ground, the surface of which was smooth and shiny. So, he inscribed a few words on this small table, half in cursive and half in block letters. After writing, Wang Xizhi said goodbye and returned. The student sent him back to the county, and when he returned to his home, he found that his father had cut out all the teacher's inscriptions, and not a single word had been left. It's been a long time, and the student is still remorseful.

On March 3 of the late spring of the ninth year of Emperor Yonghe of Jin Mu, Wang Xizhi went to visit Yin Mountain.

There were Taiyuan Sun Tongcheng, Gongsun Xuanxing, Gongguang Han Wang Bin Daosheng, Chen Jun Xie Anshi, Gaoping Xi Tan Chongxi, Taiyuan Wang Yun Shuren, Shi Zhi Daolin, and Wang Xizhi's son Ning Zhi, Hui Zhi, Cao Zhi and other 41 people.

One of the purposes of this trip was to hold a ritual of purification according to folk customs to remove bad luck and disease.

Wang Xizhi waved the order on the spot, and happily waved it. They used paper made of silk and pens made of rat whiskers. The pen is strong and toned, and it is handsome and charming, which can be called a unique masterpiece. This preface consists of 28 lines and 324 words. If there are repetitions in the words, they are all one. Among them, the word "zhi" is reproduced the most often.

This preface is the peerless Mobao "Orchid Pavilion Preface" that has been passed down from ancient to modern times.

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4, Wang Xianzhi

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Wang Xianzhi, the word is respectful, especially good at writing chapter grass. When he was young, he studied calligraphy with his father Wang Xizhi, and later specialized in Zhang Zhi's chapter grass. Later, he changed the rules of the ancestors, created a new law, took the heart as a teacher, and did it at will, which was in line with the laws of nature.

At the beginning, Xie An hired Wang Xianzhi as the chief historian. During the Taiyuan period of Emperor Jin'an, a new Taiji Hall was built in the palace. Xie An wanted Wang Xianzhi to write a plaque to the Taiji Hall as a calligraphy treasure that has been passed down for generations. Xie An felt that it was not good to speak directly, so he told Wang Xianzhi about the fact that Wei Dan of the previous dynasty had inscribed a Lingyuntai plaque for Emperor Wei Ming.

Wang Xianzhi said solemnly and solemnly: "Wei Zhong will be the minister of Wei, is there such a thing? If there is such a thing, he puts forward conditions such as having Zhang Zhi pen and Zuo Bo paper, etc., because he knows that the benevolent government of Wei will not last long. How do you know that he wasn't forced to do this?"

Wang Xianzhi learned calligraphy when he was five or six years old, and once his father quietly walked behind him and pulled out his pen with his hand, but he couldn't pull it out, and praised him and said: "This child will definitely become famous in the future in calligraphy." ”

So, he wrote "The Theory of Le Yi" to Wang Xianzhi and asked him to follow suit. Wang Xianzhi quickly copied it to the extreme. Wang Xianzhi wrote a small letter, which can be said to have reached the state of poverty and sanctification. The structure of the characters is strict and meticulous, and it is no worse than that of his father Wang Xizhi. As for the big letters, they are very stiff and seldom changing, and they cannot speak in the same day as his father. Only Xingshu and cursive writing are quite attained and elegant, and few people can match him. Most of the other books are inferior to his father Wang Xizhi. All in all, the calligraphy of the father and son is like that between the elder brother and the younger brother, there is not much difference.

Wang Xianzhi's official script, line script, cursive script, chapter grass, flying white five kinds of calligraphy, all have reached the state of supernatural and exquisite, is a wonderful work of art. His eighths are also very beautifully written.

When Wang Xizhi was in office as an envoy, Wang Xianzhi had an interesting incident. He saw the newly painted walls of the North Pavilion, which were white and lovely. So let people bring a broom, dipped in mud juice, write a big "one" word on the white wall, the pen peak is Xiao Tuo Yi beautiful, very imposing, someone comes to watch every day, like the downtown area.

When Wang Xizhi saw it, he praised the beautiful writing and asked whose handwriting it was, and people told him that it was written by your youngest son, Qilang Xianzhi. So Wang Xizhi wrote a letter to his relatives, saying: "Zijing's Feibai has made great progress, which is equivalent to what he wrote on this wall." ”

Wang Xianzhi likes calligraphy and sometimes encounters strange things. The son who has good deeds made a paper figure, took it to Wang Xianzhi, and asked Wang Xianzhi to write on it. He also said that he had come from the north to work with him.

As a result, Wang Xianzhi wrote various calligraphy such as cursive, block letters, and flying white on the paper figures. When the main body and two sleeves were almost written, the young man felt that the servants beside Wang Xianzhi were going to snatch the paper figure, so he picked up the paper figure and left.

Wang Xianzhi's servant chased after him. In the scramble between the two parties, the paper figure had been torn, and the troublesome teenager only grabbed one sleeve. Wang Xianzhi went to Wuxing.

There is a boy named Yang Xin, and his father, Yang Budu, is the official of Wucheng County. Yang Xin is only fifteen or sixteen years old this year, and she has reached a certain artistic conception in learning calligraphy.

After Wang Xianzhi heard about it, he made a special trip to Wucheng County to see this boy who loved calligraphy. After entering the door, I saw Yang Xin wearing a newly made white silk skirt and sleeping on the bed during the day.

Wang Xianzhi did not alarm him, took pen and ink, and wrote on the boy's white silk skirt and belt. Yang Xin was very happy when she woke up, and collected them like treasures, and later presented them to the imperial court.

Wang Xianzhi once wrote more than ten paper books for Emperor Jian Wen, and inscribed at the end of the inscription: "These works of Xia Guan are very in line with the law of calligraphy, and I hope you will keep them." ”

These calligraphy works are regarded as treasures by Huan Xuan. Huan Xuan loves the calligraphy works of Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi's father and son, and he can't put it down.

The silk and paper books of the two kings compiled by him are all selected from the best works in block letters and line books, and they are combined into a single volume, and he often puts it by his side, and takes it out from time to time to play with it. On the way south of his escape, although he was embarrassed, he still took these calligraphy works with him. Until he finally failed, this calligraphy work of the two kings accompanied him and sank in the river. 2k reading web