That's an exponential increase!

When a quantum computer consists of 10 qubits linked together, its computing power is equivalent to that of a traditional computer with 2^10 = 1024 switches (bits).

If a quantum computer has a memory of 1000 qubits, then it will work like a traditional computer with 2^1000 = 10^301 bits of memory.

10^301, 1 followed by 301 zeros! This number is much larger than the number of all particles in the entire universe!

In other words, even if all the particles in the universe are used to make a traditional computer, it is far from being comparable to such a quantum computer!

Of course, there are still too many difficulties to overcome to keep all 1000 qubits in a controllable superposition of interrelated qubits!

And just how powerful are quantum computers.

Someone once made an analogy: if the speed of a conventional computer is a bicycle today, the speed of a quantum computer is like an airplane.

It takes 100 years to solve a system of equations with a billion-of-billion-of-billion-of-billions of variables using the exascale Tianhe-2 supercomputer.

Using a trillion-time quantum computer to solve the same system of equations takes only 0.01 seconds.

Quantum computing is faster than classical computers, but the prototype has taken a solid first step to turn this theory into reality, and really pushed quantum computers into the arena of competition with classical computers.

So how to understand quantum computers, I will let you understand what a modern quantum computer is in ten minutes.

Jiang Fan said as he began to draw on the blackboard:

First of all, we know that computers are made up of basic components, i.e., logic gates of circuits, and each logic unit is made up of transistors, which can only do simple things like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

The transistor is the most basic unit that allows a computer to process data, functionally like a switch, blocking or allowing current to pass through, and the high and low electrical signals make up the data, the bits—for a bit, there are two types: 0 and 1. The more bits, the larger the number of bits.

Nowadays, a single transistor can be a few nanometers in size. It is so small that it is only a few atoms in size.

Electrons sometimes pass through a closed triode switch (which leaks electricity and loses its effect) despite the obstruction, a miraculous paranormal phenomenon known as quantum tunneling.

In the quantum realm, traditional physics is no longer applicable, so traditional computers cannot work properly.

At present, humanity has encountered a real physical barrier, and Moore's Law has become invalid.

The next thing scientists have to do is to use quantum properties to study quantum computers.

In a quantum computer, a qubit can be set to either 0 or 1.

The system can exist in two states, 0 and 1, just as photons can be horizontally or vertically polarized (the direction of electromagnetic waves propagating and the electromagnetic field are perpendicular to each other, and we call the direction of the electric field of radio waves the polarization of radio waves).

In the quantum world, qubits can be in multiple states at the same time, and it can be any normalized linear combination of several different quantum states, which is what we often say: quantum superposition states

However, once you determine its value through a photon detector, it becomes one of either horizontal or vertical polarization.

That is, as long as they are not observed by the detector, the qubits are in a superposition state (equal to both 0 and 1) and their values cannot be predicted.

The moment it is observed, it collapses into one of two states (cf. Schrödinger's cat. ）

1 n-bit quantum computer = [formula] N-bit conventional computer parallel computing.

It can be seen that for each additional bit (logical bit), the advantage of quantum computers increases exponentially.

What's even more interesting is that qubits have an incredible property: they can be in a quantum entangled state.

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Through these simulations, we can understand the properties of various proteins, which can lead to the possibility of medical change and save humanity.

Jiang Fan spoke for nearly an hour before he stopped.

Guo Dongling poured a glass of water and handed it to him.

"Thank you. ”

Taking the water cup, Jiang Fan drank the water in the cup into his stomach, and then got off the stage and found a place to sit down, wanting everyone to digest it.

"Mr. Jiang, you are talking wonderfully!" Dai Jianzhong gave Jiang Fan a thumbs up with an excited expression on his face.

"I will be so much, I hope that your science and technology institute can study it thoroughly, I haven't told my research institute about these things yet. ”

"Mr. Jiang, don't worry, when we digest what you said, we will also start to set off and strive to get a quantum computer as soon as possible. ”

As long as quantum computers are developed, there will be many benefits.

There will also be greater advances in technology.

"You are too traditional in your concepts, and sometimes, you should jump out of the traditional concepts and think at a higher level. ”

Jiang Fan shook his head and smiled, proposing.

"Haha, after Mr. Jiang said this, I do feel that our thinking is much more traditional than traditional, there are many things before, we have never thought about it, and we are focused on research, after Mr. Jiang's reminder, I feel that there are many things wrong in the previous thinking. ”

"Well, it's good if you understand. ”

"The progress of science and technology does not depend on one person, but on everyone and the team. ”

"Only when everyone works together to study science and technology can science and technology be made greater progress. ”

Guo Dongling was on the side, covering her mouth and snickering, it was the first time she saw the dean being taught by a young man.

However, this young man's talent is even more powerful than the talent of any person in their Academy of Science and Technology, and she believes that even a well-known scientist will listen carefully to Jiang Fan's speech like a student in front of Jiang Fan.

Such a young man, only in his twenties, and he is so handsome, Guo Dongling's eyes flashed with little stars.

This class took more than two hours in total, and Jiang Fan only roughly talked about 10% of the part.

If you want to finish it all, it will take a few days.

Of course, even if he finishes speaking, if these people from the Academy of Science and Technology want to fully digest it, it is estimated that it will take a few months, a year or two to fully digest it.

Because it's technology, not anything else.

It's not the kind of thing that they can understand immediately as soon as they say it.

"It's finally over. Jiang Fan leaned back in his chair and breathed a sigh of relief.

"Haha, Mr. Jiang, I'm tired. Tang Zhenhai appeared beside Jiang Fan.

"Mr. Tang, it's not easy to give them these things, my mouth is dry. Jiang Fan smiled.

"Indeed, but I didn't expect that Mr. Jiang's talent is a hundred times more powerful than I thought, Mr. Jiang, to be able to explain such a profound principle to them, etc., this is a lot of efforts for science and technology. ”