The 18th century was a turbulent era, with the advancement of science and technology, the world seemed to be pressed the accelerator button, and many things that were never thought of gradually appeared.

On July 2, 1776, in the wake of the previous year's Revolutionary War, a group of merchants, lawyers, and farmers signed their names to a joint declaration of the unity of the thirteen nations of North America. Although this document did not seem very important at the time, so that some of the signatories on this document misspelled their names, this document, which was later known as the Declaration of Independence, was eventually remembered by countless people because it witnessed the birth of a young and great nation.

The furious Britain did not stop there, and now Britain was so dominant in Europe that they had colonies everywhere in the world, so much so that they proudly proclaimed themselves "empires on which the sun never sets", because their land is forever covered in the sun, and the sun does not set at the same time.

The independence of this new country was an unforgivable thing for the British, who sent fleets and armies to crush the "rebellion", but the old rivals of the British, the French, naturally did not miss this opportunity, and when the thirteen states of North America declared independence, the French announced their recognition of the United States of America and led Spain and the Netherlands into the war.

The sun never sets, the European hegemon France, the new country of the United States of America, a confrontation between the two most powerful countries of the continent that surrounded half the world and involved the continent at that time.

......

More than a decade later, the War of Independence ended in victory for France and the United States, but due to its long-term involvement in wars on the European continent and around the world, France also had serious economic problems at that time.

The defeat in the Nine Years' War and a series of wars, large and small, left France with a heavy burden of up to 2 billion francs, and the government continued to raise taxes to pay off the debt. As a result, people's livelihoods are seriously threatened, and poor families are forced to spend 60 or even 80 percent of their income on food, which means that they cannot do anything but survive every day.

It is said that Marie Antoinette, the queen of Louis XVI of France at that time, heard the minister say that the commoners were so hungry that they could not even afford bread, and wondered, "Then why don't they eat cake?"

However, this sentence was not said by Queen Mary, but by Louis XVI's grandfather, Louis XV, the queen Mary Leginska from Poland, but the dissatisfaction with his own poor life and the anger at the luxurious life of the royal family made the French people at that time maliciously orchestrate all kinds of negative rumors about the royal family and nobles, so as to slander the stupidity and ignorance of this extravagant queen.

Louis XVI made many efforts to cut royal spending, streamline the government sector, and improve the tax system...... But with all sorts of affairs and heavy debts, the mediocre king was helpless and ultimately powerless......

The royal family, already disgusted by the people.

On July 13, 1789, a riot took place.

"To the Bastille!"

With this slogan, the citizens of Paris, who already controlled almost half of the city, flocked to the prison, which was a symbol of autocracy and held many political prisoners, and the prison that had been built for hundreds of years was violently stormed in the midst of the difficult siege, accompanied by the sound of cannons and the cheers of the people.

The next day, King Louis XVI of France, who was living at the Palace of Versailles, had just learned the news.

The king, who had just woken up, asked the duke, "Is it a riot?"

The duke replied: "No, Your Majesty, this is the revolution!"

However, Louis XVI was still unaware of the seriousness of the problem, which in his opinion was no different from the "Paris riots" that had occurred many times in the past.

Thanks to the high degree of autonomy of the city, the citizens of Paris, who had their own set of administrative institutions and high walls, did not fear the French king, and even drove the French king out of Paris many times, and in the face of the thick walls of Paris, the French kings who had a big headache could only choose to besiege Paris until they ran out of ammunition and food, trying to force it to surrender. Because of this, in the face of the riots in Paris, the French king was not too worried.

So on that day, King Louis XVI of France wrote a line in his diary.

"Nothing happened today. ”

......

The French Revolution shook the whole continent and stunned all the monarchs.

France, which stretches for nearly a thousand years, from the Carolingian era to the Capetian dynasty, and even the Capetian dynasty of Ponzhivalois, and now the Bourbon dynasty, is a dynasty that has lasted for thousands of years, and the bloodline of generations has spread throughout Europe.

Whether it is the King of England or the Russian Tsar, the monarch of the HRE, the royal family of Spain, from east to west, from Northern Europe to Southern Europe, whether it is the Grand Duchy or the Earl Kingdom, almost all European nobles can trace a royal ancestor from France all the way from it, it can be said that all European nobles are the descendants of the French royal family.

However, this time, the main trunk of this towering tree with intricate roots was directly cut off.

The revolutionaries spared no members of the royal family, almost all of the French royal family were guillotined, and only a few escaped.

The collapse of a thousand-year-old dynasty and the disappearance of a thousand-year-old royal family are like the sudden extinguishment of the sun in the sky one day, even if they have heard it with their own ears, it is especially dazzling, and all monarchs dare not believe it.

The encirclement network for France was thus formed.

The nascent revolutionary government was in danger, but the emergence of a young man changed all that.

In the decades that followed, the revolutionary-founded nation burst into unprecedented vigour, winning five victories against the French and conquering almost all of Europe......

On May 5, 1821, the Emperor died on the island of St. Helena, and only a few people noticed that his small sculpture, which had never left him, had disappeared inexplicably.

......

The revolution was suppressed, and the nobles, who had regained power, were finally at ease and continued with their former extravagant lives, as they had been in the past millennium, but under this calm there was a dark tide surging.

Just twenty years later, in 1844, in Silesia, the Kingdom of Prussia, a group of oppressed and exploited weavers finally took it all and launched an angry uprising.

"Germany, we are weaving your corpse cloth,

The threefold curse we weave into it—

We weave, we weave!

"A curse to that God,

When we are hungry and cold, we pray to him;

Our hopes and expectations are in vain,

He just fooled and deceived us—

We weave, we weave!

"A curse to the king of the broad people,

Our afflictions cannot touch his heart,

He squeezed our last coin,

And shot us like dogs—

We weave, we weave!

"A curse to the false Fatherland,

Here only shame and sin flourish,

Here the flowers are destroyed before they bloom,

Carrion and dung feed maggots -

We weave, we weave!

The shuttle is flying, the loom is ringing,

We weave, day and night in a hurry—

Old Germany, we are weaving your corpse cloth,

We weave a threefold curse

We weave, we weave!

The angry uprising did not last long, and the uprising of June 2, 1844, which lasted only until June 6, was suppressed and was insignificant in the whole world, but affected two young men who had not yet become famous.

......

Brussels, Belgium, 7 October 1847.

In a tavern, there are only a few seats, and there are not many customers.

Among the few guests, a young German with a big beard and another young German next to him sat in their seats, with unfinished beers on them. The two of them kept discussing recent current events, and talked about their recent experiences, and couldn't help but laugh out loud when they talked about their happiness.

"Speaking of which, Karl, I am very interested in the kingdom of freedom and the kingdom of necessity that you talked about last time, can you tell us more about it?"

Looking at his good friend with a beard and drinking with a beer glass on the other side, Engels said suddenly.