05 years, ordinary but extraordinary year.

This year, a lot of big and small things happened, some of them had something to do with Zhou Fangyuan, and some had nothing to do with him.

Say something that is not directly related, but as a Chinese person, it is a major event with honor.

That is, on October 15, 2005, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was officially completed!

This is the highest railway in the world, known as the "Heavenly Road", and Han Hong also has a song of the same name, which is widely circulated.

Why do you want to talk about this? Because the news was broadcast on television, my grandfather and grandfather, after watching the news, said that in their lifetime, they must call it a train and travel to Tibet Province through the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.

In fact, grandpa went to Tibetan Province when he was young, but grandpa never went, after all, the life experiences of the two old people are indeed quite different. According to his grandfather, when he was young, he went to Tibetan Province, and that was called a difficulty. First of all, you have to take a train for dozens of hours to Sichuan Province, at that time it was still a green car, and the speed of the train was far less fast than now, and it was completely incomparable with the high-speed rail of later generations. But at the time, it was the fastest way to travel long distances other than airplanes. Dozens of hours of trains, dozens of hours of cars, all kinds of difficult walks along the way, bumpy enough to turn people upside down.

The so-called travel does not have any feeling of enjoyment at all, and it is completely a kind of torture.

But not anymore, with this railway, the road to Tibet has finally been completely opened.

Of course, it is not that no one has criticized it, and some people say that this railway is completely a waste of labor and money, and how much pressure does the state budget have to bear for this railway? How much is consumed during this period? Not to mention anything else, how many lives are killed or injured alone? Is it worth it?

In fact, if you really want to calculate an economic account, it is not worth it, which is obvious.

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway, with a total length of nearly 2,000 kilometers and most of the construction sites on the plateau of the "forbidden area for life," is one of the four major projects in China in the new century and is considered to be a landmark project in the implementation of the strategy of large-scale development of the western region. However, the most important section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, from Golmud to Lhasa, was built on a single line, not the common double or multiple lines, and only one single line was enough on the vast plateau? What if a train going in the opposite direction would meet or a train going in the same direction would overtake?

To answer this question, we must first understand the special geographical and climatic conditions of the Tibetan province.

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has an average altitude of 3,000 to 5,000 kilometers, and there is no precedent in the world for the construction of railways at this height. From the start of construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway to the successful opening of traffic, China's scientific and technological workers and construction teams have overcome many problems such as frozen soil, lack of oxygen, high cold and fragile ecology, and the cost is very high. Although backed by the country's strong financial support, the government has to act cautiously in the face of staggering costs. Double-track railways tend to carry more than several times the capacity of single-track railways because they have two lines that can run at the same time. The opening of double or double lines can certainly increase transport capacity, but it is accompanied by a huge amount of infrastructure expenditure. In terms of the current passenger and freight traffic between Tibet and the rest of the world, the single-track railway is sufficient to meet the requirements, after all, Tibet is still relatively backward economically, and its demand for transportation is far less urgent than that of the eastern coast.

Since its opening, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has undertaken three-quarters of the transportation of materials into Tibet, and even then it is still more than enough for the carrying capacity of this line. As a result of improved transportation, the total retail sales of consumer goods in the Tibet Autonomous Region exceeded 10 billion yuan in 2011, up nearly 25 percent year-on-year. However, the scale of tens of billions ...... To tell the truth, there is more than this number in Beitong, the area of Tibetan Province is too large, the population is too small, and the distribution is too scattered, it is difficult to form a large-scale purchase cluster.

So if you insist on settling economic accounts, it is definitely not worth it. Someone once asserted that this road will not recover the cost in a hundred years. Yes, relying only on economy and trade, let alone a hundred years, two hundred years is enough to choke. But can you stop building roads because you don't make money? Of course not!

While the economy is underdeveloped, the geographical location of Tibet Province is quite special, and it is the gate in the southwest of our country. The opening of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, while losing money year after year, has become an important weapon for the country to stabilize the southwestern border. At least for Nepalese, the opening of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway can shorten the land trade time between major cities in the mainland and Nepal from three weeks to one week, and what Nepal hopes most is that the Qinghai-Tibet Railway can be connected to Nepal in the future.

And people like Ah San and others will no longer bully our border officers and soldiers without support as they did back then, and continue to pick quarrels and provoke trouble. There would not have been such a foreign invasion, but our side had only two divisions of troops struggling to hold on. Of course, in terms of all kinds of new equipment of our army in the future, perhaps the importance of this railway is indeed not as great as imagined. But how to say it, the completion of the railway, externally, can strengthen the border defense capability, enhance the warning power, strengthen the border trade behavior, and so on. Internally, it can strengthen the centripetal force of the nation and strengthen the recognition of the people of Tibet Province for the state.

Even if it is difficult to recover the cost, as long as you think of the important value of this railway, even if it is a large investment, it is completely worth it.

Moreover, with the development of the western region, it is conceivable that when the carrying capacity of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway cannot meet the economic needs, the state will also add double or double lines on the basis of the existing single line, and perhaps by that time the technical or financial problems that exist today will no longer exist. As for the problem of meeting or overtaking on a single track railway, it is easier to solve, although a single line cannot meet the needs of two trains running side by side, but there are a large number of railway stations on a long railway line. If you need to meet or overtake, you only need a command to stop one of the trains at the train station and wait for the other train to pass before leaving.

Of course, while the value of this railway is huge, the difficulty of building is really high.

There are many technical difficulties in this, and if they cannot be overcome, the construction task will not be able to continue smoothly.

Fortunately, in the face of difficulties and dangers, scientists and engineers in our country have come up with a set of construction plans. And the railway workers and PLA officers and soldiers in charge of the construction really paid a huge price here.

Of course, the results are also encouraging.

The construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has created a number of records in the history of railway transportation in Tibet Province. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway is the world's highest plateau railway: the railway crosses 960 kilometers above sea level above 4,000 meters, and the highest point is 5,072 meters above sea level. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway is also the world's longest plateau railway with the longest mileage through permafrost: the railway has a mileage of 550 kilometers through permafrost for many years, the Tanggula Mountain Station at an altitude of 5,068 meters is the highest railway station in the world, the wind volcano tunnel at an altitude of 4,905 meters is the world's highest permafrost tunnel, the Kunlun Mountain Tunnel with a total length of 1,686 meters is the world's longest plateau permafrost tunnel, the Amdo paving base at an altitude of 4,704 meters is the world's highest paving base, and the Qingshuihe Bridge with a total length of 11.7 kilometers is the world's longest plateau permafrost railway bridgeThe speed of the permafrost section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway reaches 100 kilometers per hour, and the non-frozen soil section reaches 120 kilometers per hour, which is the highest speed of the world's plateau permafrost railway.

Most of the lines of the Qinghai-Tibet Line are located in high-altitude areas and "life forbidden areas", and the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is faced with three major problems in the world's railway construction: the geological structure of thousands of miles of permafrost, the cold and hypoxic environment and the fragile ecology.

Amdo County in the Tibetan Autonomous Region (TAR) is an important geographical demarcation point, 550 kilometers north of the continuous permafrost zone of the Tibetan Plateau. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway passes 550 kilometers through permafrost areas, and nearly 400 kilometers of truly deep permafrost sections.

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway will pass through 550 kilometers of continuous permafrost areas and 82 kilometers of non-continuous permafrost areas. The construction in this area brings two main problems, one is that the temperature increase brought about by global warming will melt the permafrost, and the other is that human engineering activities will change the relatively stable hydrothermal environment of the permafrost, so that the groundwater level will drop, the soil moisture will decrease, and the vegetation will die, which will involve the thawing of a larger area of permafrost.

In order to overcome the problem of permafrost, Chinese scientists have taken measures such as replacing the road with bridges, ventilated roadbed with flake stone, ventilation pipe subgrade, gravel and flake slope protection, hot rods, insulation boards, and comprehensive anti-drainage systems to solve the problems caused by the thousand-year-old permafrost. In addition, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway accounts for about 85% of the whole line at an altitude of more than 4,000 meters, the average annual temperature is below 0 °C, and the air oxygen content in most areas is only 50%-60% of that in the mainland. The cold and lack of oxygen, the wind and sand are raging, the ultraviolet rays are strong, and there are many natural epidemic sources, which is known as the "forbidden area" of the limit of human survival.

In order to overcome the harsh environment of cold and lack of oxygen, and protect the life and health of railway builders. For the first time in the history of China's engineering construction, the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Health jointly made detailed provisions on medical and health security, and invested nearly 200 million yuan to establish medical and health security points across the line. A three-level medical security institution has been established and improved. A total of 115 medical institutions have been set up along the railway, equipped with more than 600 medical personnel, and employees can receive effective treatment within half an hour when they are sick. Conduct regular physical examinations for employees, and arrange employees to take turns in low-altitude areas. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway has also set many new records in terms of paying attention to the lives and health of its builders. Since the start of the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, more than 453,000 patients have been treated, 427 cases of cerebral edema and 841 cases of pulmonary edema have been treated, and no one has died, creating a miracle in the history of plateau medicine.

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway passes through national nature reserves such as Hoh Xili, Sanjiangyuan and Qiangtang, and the ecological environment is sensitive and fragile because it is located at the "third pole" of the world. In this regard, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has always adhered to the concept of "environmental protection first" from design, construction to operation and maintenance, such as the establishment of 33 special passages for wild animals along the railway line in order to protect the living environment of Tibetan antelopes and other wild animals, the world's first artificial wetland in the alpine zone to protect the wetland, to protect the landscape along the line, to achieve "zero emission of dirt" on the ground and trains, and to improve the ecological environment along the line, to create a thousand-mile "green corridor". These unique environmental protection design and construction and operation concepts have also made the Qinghai-Tibet Railway the first "environmentally friendly railway" in China.

In short, this railway is really too important and necessary for our country.

The completion of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is definitely something that deserves the joy of the people of the whole country. Zhou Fangyuan posted a message on Weibo to congratulate him. Of course, he is a little-known on Weibo.

I haven't verified my account, and I've never posted anything too high, so it doesn't look any different from ordinary users. It's other people's Weibo accounts, and there are always people who want to make big news.

Just like a few days ago, Mr. Ding of Wangyi posted on Weibo again, claiming that Wangyi has developed a new game, an epoch-making game, a game that is better than Warcraft, and so on.

Anyway, what he said was out of the blue, and there is a picture below, and then, there is no then.

I don't see the official website news.,Someone went to the relevant departments to verify.,I didn't find the registration number of the so-called new game.,It's always a picture of the beginning.,The content is all up to the editor.。

Zhou Fangyuan no longer regards him as his competitor now, for the simple reason that it is unnecessary. Although it is true that everyone is the boss of the domestic Internet circle, Mr. Ding always likes to grandstand.

Likes to sing high notes.

It's like this time, you take out the real thing, not to mention that it's really not more than Warcraft or something, as long as you can take out something, that's one time. At least everyone said that Mr. Ding's aesthetics were different from ordinary people, or that he was full of confidence in his game, and even a little blind.

But no matter what, it's better than telling lies and bragging.

It's a pity that Mr. Ding seems to have gone farther and farther on the road of breaking the jar, anyway, this has been more than once, but several times. Sending a message at every turn, it always attracts the attention of many netizens at the beginning, and everyone speculates what kind of game it will be, when it will be launched, and why it is so secret...... But this is the story of the wolf, once or twice, everyone will be very curious, but after ten times or eight times, everyone will no longer believe it, and then every time he posts on Weibo, although there are still many people to watch. But how many people are really looking forward to the game? It's hard to say, anyway, there will definitely be no fewer people watching the jokes.

Zhou Fangyuan is one of the people who watch jokes.

To be honest, if Wangyi can really make a game that surpasses Warcraft, he is happy. Yes, he earns less, but the development of domestic games is better, and as a Chinese, he can only be happy.

But he also knows very well that this is very difficult, before the tide of MMORPG games passes, the status of Warcraft is basically impossible to be shaken, this is not a question of whether the game is excellent or not, but Warcraft itself, under the guidance of several previous works of Blizzard, has accumulated enough prestige, and has also influenced a generation, and it wants to surpass it with only one work?

Unless it's a different type of transcendence, such as League of Legends or PUBG, but that needs to wait until the tide of MMORPG has passed, at least, before the post-80s generation officially goes to work, the status of Warcraft is impossible to shake.