The world situation in 1990 can be said to be turbulent, which makes the vast majority of people in this world a little incomprehensible. Pen, fun, and www.biquge.info

The Soviet Union actually abandoned the one-party system, Lithuania became independent, Nelson Mandela was released, East and West Germany began to discuss independence, Namibia broke away from South Africa, Latvia went so far as to declare Soviet laws invalid in its republic, and China made the international world suddenly realize that China's economy had developed quite a long way during the preparations for the Asian Games......

Each of these major events would be enough to make people look at each other in a normal year, but they exploded in the first five months of the year. If there is another comparable year in the history of the world, it is probably only the stunned year 2016 that can take on this important task.

Of course, of these events destined to be recorded in history, there is only one that deserves special mention.

That was Iraq's assertion of sovereignty over Kuwait.

In May, the debt-ridden Iraq was able to break free from the quagmire of the Iran-Iraq war, but in terms of the country's economy, it was already in a state of de facto bankruptcy.

The Iran-Iraq war began with Iraq's invasion of Iran, but ended with Iran's withdrawal from occupied Iraqi lands. Before the war, Iraq's foreign exchange surplus was close to $40 billion -- a real amount higher than China's foreign exchange stock back then.

However, after the end of this war, which used all human weapons except the atomic bomb, Iraq not only did not have a single dollar in its hands, but owed hundreds of billions of dollars in debt to the international community.

Of these creditors, Iraq has two of the largest. One is Saudi Arabia and the other is Kuwait.

Kuwait had provided Iraq with loans of at least $20 billion during the war, a figure that had been reduced to about $15 billion after the war had ended.

If Iraq were to count on repaying its debts with oil, at the outrageously low oil prices of the late eighties, it would not know that it would be repaid in the Year of the Monkey.

Faced with the debts that he could not repay in his life, Saddam Hussein thought of a way to repay the debt.

In fact, this is not a strange thing, and defaults happen from time to time in the international community. For example, Iceland, Greece, Germany after the war, and even the Gengzi indemnity of the Qing Dynasty was not paid in full later.

Of course, it is impossible for the state to go bankrupt as a political entity. And unless armed for wages, there is no good way to get a poor country to pay its debts. As a result, there is room for bargaining over the repayment of international debts, and the matter of debt repayment has been replaced with a nice phrase -- debt relief.

Generally speaking, a country that wants to face cannot do such a thing. However, facts have proved that once the countries of the world lose face, there is really nothing the creditors can do.

Take Iraq, for example.

After the Iran-Iraq war, Saddam Hussein also simply became shameless in the face of huge debts.

At first, he fell in love with Abadan in Iran, thinking that he would take advantage of the chaos of the entire country in Iran's religious revolution.

Unexpectedly, although he succeeded in capturing Abadan in the early stage, he underestimated the fighting power of the Iranians after the brainwashing after the religious revolution.

Not only did Abadan and Khorramshahr not be saved, but Iraq's Basra was instead laid a narrow strip of more than 200 square kilometers by Iran, and even Baghdad was threatened by the Iranian army.

In the Iran-Iraq war, the Iraqi army can be said to have lost face. But of course, Iran, which uses the Boy Scouts to run landmines, is also disgraced internationally.

Fortunately, Khomeini was originally hated by people, but Saddam Hussein still had to save face, after all, he had to rely on international loans to fight the war. After being beaten by Iran, Saddam Hussein had to throw out a statement to beautify his reputation.

In other words, I did not invade Iran for the sake of greed, but for the sake of the entire Arab world!

You see, Khomeini, an extremist, clearly wants to do something. I've been fighting Iraq and Iran for eight years, and I'm defending the country for the Arab world! Otherwise, you secular factions would have been overthrown by the extremists a long time ago, okay?

So I'm blocking the gun not for myself, but for you rich relatives!

I am the hero who guards the door of the Arab world, I am the Arab shield!

At first, Saddam Hussein threw out this statement, but it was just to put gold on his face. But who knew that the lie was told ten thousand times, and even the Lord himself believed it.

After the end of the Iran-Iraq war, Saddam Hussein became more and more aggrieved in the face of the withering domestic situation.

I fought with Iran for the sake of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait to create such a situation of hard work and seven injuries, and I still owe you money?

There is no such reason!

So Saddam Hussein came up with the idea of asking Kuwait to provide relief for Iraq's debts.

The state defaults.

Saddam Hussein began making this request to Kuwait in May 1990, hoping for debt relief of at least $12 billion. This request was placed here in Kuwait, and it immediately made the Kuwaiti royal family blow up.

Just kidding, that's 12 billion dollars in the 80s!

Mr. Hu has done so many things, and there is only so much cash in hand.

Although the Kuwaiti royal family is rich, it is impossible to let go of such a large sum of money without collecting it. But on the other hand, Kuwait itself is a small country, and the land is Kuwait City. The army is about equal to nothing, and it is a group of young master soldiers.

Once Iraq loses its face and insists on refusing to pay back the money, Kuwait will not have the ability to negotiate for wages by arms.

As a result, Kuwait had no choice but to sit down and negotiate with Iraq, saying that debt relief was possible, but absolutely not as much as 12 billion yuan! Kuwait's bottom line was probably that a reduction of 2 billion yuan should be about the same, and privately felt that it should be able to satisfy Iraq's appetite.

Clearly, however, Saddam Hussein's thinking is different from that of Kuwait.

By this time, he was already thinking about Kuwait's overseas investment and funds and deposits.

With this money, Iraq can fight for at least 20 years less.

When the bottom line gap between the two sides of the negotiations was too large, Saddam Hussein threw out his long-prepared claim to sovereignty over Kuwait in July.

The history of Kuwait is not clear in the first place, and it is almost a country created by the British in the process of colonization.

There are many such countries in the world, and each of them is almost an international hot spot. For example, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Indonesia and Malaysia, Brunei, and the horizontal and vertical borders on the African continent can be seen from the sins of the British.

In any case, Iraq has never had a history of sovereignty over Kuwait, which of course will not be recognized internationally.

The Kuwaitis are also used as nothing more than a negotiating tool for Iraq.

Who would have thought that Saddam Hussein would actually want to play for real.

......

"Mr. Hu. ”

Fang Jiange wiped the sweat from his head, and after entering the room, he poured himself a large glass of water, and drank enough.

"Sit down and talk slowly, how's it going?"

Hu Wenhai turned around from the window, and the scenery of the modern metropolis with high-rise buildings outside the window was in full view, and it was a prosperous scene.

But just looking at the surface, who knows that Tokyo is already like hell today.

In 1990, it was as if the world was slipping into the abyss, and Tokyo was the closest thing to the abyss' door.

At least until August.

Fang Jiange put down the water glass, the cool air blown by the air conditioner made the heat on his body quickly dissipate, and the sweat on his forehead had dried up.

In Tokyo, where summer has just begun, it is terrifyingly hot.

"Situation ......"

Fang Jiange's face showed a rare expression of concern.

"Tokyo is finished, and Japan is finished. Hehe, if we hadn't followed Mr. Hu's instructions since last year and realized all kinds of securities and assets in our hands, maybe I would have to go to Mount Fuji to find a crooked neck tree like those Japanese. ”

Hu Wenhai also nodded with a heavy heart: "Although I knew that Japan's economy would definitely have problems, I didn't expect that the actual situation I experienced would be so serious!"

Although it is really difficult to have a good impression of Japan as a country, Hu Wenhai still has compassion as a human being.

When Japan's economic bubble burst in 1990, the experience of many Japanese people made people feel the horror of capitalism as a system.

Japan is a country, if you want to have a ready-made character, you can vividly say that it is a villain.

As the saying goes, villains are rampant, and Japan in the 80s was a country that was rampant to the extreme.

As the saying goes, if you want to make it perish, you must first make it crazy.

Since Japan signed the Plaza Accord in 1985, the yen has been rising against the dollar. The change from 240 yen to 1 dollar to 120 yen to 1 dollar occurred in less than three years, from 1985 to 1987.

In other words, in the process of calculating GDP in dollars, Japan's domestically produced products do not need to increase even a little, but its GDP doubles.

At the height of the cherry blossoms of the Japanese economy, Akio Morita, the famous chairman of Sony Corporation in the late eighties, wrote the right-wing book "Japan Can Say No".

During the same period, Sony acquired Columbia Pictures in the United States, Panasonic acquired Universal Pictures, Mitsubishi acquired Rockefeller Center in New York, Shuwa acquired Citi Plaza in Los Angeles, and Hideki Yokoi acquired the Empire State Building.

The Japanese even made wild claims that they wanted to buy the whole of the United States.

Then, the cherry blossoms withered.

In 1990, with the appointment of Yasu Mieno, a hardliner who advocated suppressing bubbles at all costs, as governor of the Bank of Japan, the central bank's discount rate quickly rose to 4.5%. High interest rates and tight monetary policy have led to a rapid increase in the cost of borrowing.

As a result, a series of chain reactions have been generated, land investment has gradually cooled, land prices have fallen, housing prices have fallen rapidly, banks have begun to have large-scale bad debts, and the financial chain has been transmitted to the stock market......

The financial crisis is coming!