The training of skilled workers is nothing more than two ways, one is to train in the factory through the method of master and apprentice, and the other is to establish a special technical school to train. Pen ~ fun ~ pavilion www.biquge.info

The method of the master taking the apprentice was feasible in the era of handicraft workshops, but it was inevitable that there would be a situation where one generation was not as good as the next. I'm afraid that the master only learns seventy or eighty percent of what he learns from his own master, and if he teaches it to his own apprentices, he has to discount it. It is passed down from generation to generation, and eventually the level is getting lower and lower. In the era of great industry, the knowledge that a worker needs to master is not limited to one specialty, and it is even more impossible to rely on masters to teach skills, and these training tasks must be completed by specialized technical schools.

As early as the 50s, China has established many technical schools, including the establishment of labor departments of provincial and municipal governments, as well as the establishment of various competent departments and bureaus, as well as factory-run technical schools. During the years of the movement, some technical schools were converted into factories, and the training of technicians was greatly affected. After the end of the movement, some technical schools were restored in various places, but for various reasons, most of them were not in a satisfactory situation, and this state even continued until the 90s.

Wu Shican's proposal to train 50 million qualified skilled workers by the end of the century was an outrageously ambitious goal from the perspective of those years. You must know that in 1981, there were only 80 million employees in the country's secondary industry, including government cadres, logistics personnel, and unskilled workers in enterprises. There are some small village-run and community-run enterprises, which do not need too high-level skilled workers, and can be regarded as technicians if they have a few three-legged cat skills, can drive machine tools, and can turn a few axles. 50 million qualified mechanics is simply an astronomical number.

But Feng Xiaochen knows that according to the development trend of China's industry, it is very necessary to train 50 million qualified technicians. By 2000, the number of people employed in China's secondary industry had doubled to 160 million, and China had become the "factory of the world", and many companies were struggling to find good workers. The formation of a high-quality technician team is not a matter of three or five years, but needs to be laid out 20 years in advance, Wu Shican just listened to Feng Xiaochen's prediction, and thought of such a question, his insight is indeed extraordinary.

"Director Wu, the matter of technician training is indeed very important, but shouldn't this matter be considered by the General Administration of Labor?

Wu Shican said: "I know that the technical school is under the responsibility of the labor department, but I have seen some of their work ideas, and they lack a correct understanding of the development trend of the entire industry. Regardless of the State Administration of Labor, many local labor bureaus do not regard technical schools as a platform for training skilled workers, but as a means to solve the employment problem. Many people go to technical schools for the purpose of being able to assign jobs, and when they are assigned jobs, they are not willing to engage in their majors, preferring to sit in the office or do some easier jobs. If this continues, we will have a passive situation of shortage of high-skilled workers in the future. ”

Director Wu is right. Feng Xiaochen nodded, "Actually, this situation has already appeared now. When I was in Qin Chong this time, I had this feeling. In recent years, the number of old workers retiring is very large, and a large number of new workers have entered the factory, resulting in a significant decline in the technical level of the enterprise. I heard from a friend in Pujiang that the labor department of Pujiang City has made a statistic that there is a shortage of more than 700,000 skilled workers in the city, and this situation has seriously affected Pujiang's industrial production efficiency and product quality. ”

"I've seen similar data. Wu Shican said, "It's just that I didn't think this matter was so urgent, and I thought that through the existing system, after a few years, this situation would be improved." When I heard you talk about the forecast for China's industrial development in the next 20 years at the meeting today, I suddenly felt that the situation was very serious. If we follow the current training method, I am afraid it will be difficult for us to cultivate a sufficiently large team of technicians. ”

Feng Xiaochen asked, "So, what is Director Wu going to do?"

Wu Shican said: "I have two points in mind at present: first, we need to do a survey, report to the Economic Commission on the current problems in the training of technicians, and ask the Economic Commission and the State Administration of Labor to pay attention to this problem from the height of the development of the national equipment manufacturing industry; Many of our key equipment enterprises have their own factory-run technical schools, but the teachers of technical schools are very weak. If we can provide them with excellent technician teachers, it will play a vital role in improving their technician training level. ”

"Let's run our own technician normal school?" Feng Xiaochen was shocked by Wu Shican's brain. To be honest, he really thought about this matter, but every time he thought about it, he would quickly deny it, because the reloading office has a total of more than 20 people, how can it be possible to run a school by himself. But when this idea came out of Wu Shican's mouth, the meaning was different, Wu Shican was not a talker, he dared to put forward such an idea, it must mean that there was hope for this matter.

"It's not difficult. Wu Shican saw Feng Xiaochen's thoughts, and said with a smile, "Let's reload the office and we don't have a establishment ourselves, but we can borrow someone else's establishment to do this, we only need to come up with a name." ”

"I don't understand. Feng Xiaochen replied honestly.

Wu Shican said: "We can find a company to borrow its current factory-run technical school and change it into a senior technical normal school." As for the personnel, they can be seconded from various units. Funding is a rather troublesome issue, and if it is really not possible, the only way to do it is to apportionment it to various enterprises. But this is a good thing for all businesses, and even if some expenses are apportioned, they will not have any opinion. ”

"Is this okay?" Feng Xiaochen was happy, it seems that the wisdom of the masses is really infinite.

In the impression of many people, there were many forbidden areas of thought back then, and people did not dare to do something casually. But the fact is the opposite, because of the lack of various rules and regulations in those years, each unit has a very large autonomy in doing things, and many things will not be taken care of as long as they do not touch the "minefield", and you can try it casually. At that time, the leaders of the unit were also very bullish, as long as what I did was in the interests of the country, even if it was not compliant, you couldn't help me.

At that time, there was a popular saying that "crossing the river by feeling the stones", which meant that there was no experience to follow, so you could only try. The state also encourages all units to make various attempts, and in the famous novel "The Appointment of Director Qiao", there are many plots that break stereotypes and bad habits, and these are considered to be manifestations of reform.

On the contrary, after the new century, state ministries and commissions or state-owned enterprises need to be cautious when doing things. If you violate the procedural requirements, even if your motives are good, you will be criticized and even punished. The creed of many officials has become "not seeking merit, but seeking no fault", but they have lost the courage to be the first in the world at the beginning of the reform.

The idea put forward by Wu Shican is a way to play the policy sideline. The Heavy Equipment Office contacts hundreds of key equipment enterprises, most of which need high-level technical personnel, and it is inevitable that the technical schools of the labor department will train these talents. Since the Heavy Equipment Office is tasked with negotiating the development of major equipment, it naturally has to try to solve the problem of shortage of skilled workers, so it is not a mistake to take the lead in building a normal school for technicians.

If you want to apply to a higher authority to set up a school, there is a good chance that you will not be able to do so. Because the establishment of the rearmament office is determined, and the funding is also determined, there is no such thing as running a school in the original function. However, the rearmament office can do this in the simplest way, that is, to find an enterprise to borrow a school to use, the establishment is ready-made, and the rearmament office only provides technical guidance, which is not a violation of the regulations.

If the school borrows it, the personnel can naturally borrow it too. At the beginning, the Metallurgical Bureau had a large number of seconded personnel, which were all adaptations adopted in order to complete the heavy work tasks without affecting the original establishment. Such adaptations are allowed by the superiors, and even the higher authorities themselves are often so adapted.

"Is this matter so critical?"

Luo Xiangfei met with Wu Shican and Feng Xiaochen in his office, and after listening to their opinions on the establishment of a higher technical normal school, Luo Xiangfei frowned and asked. The last time Feng Xiaochen suggested that he help solve the problem of separation between the two places in various enterprises, it made him feel a little messy. Now that this matter has not been completed, another idea of running a school has come out, and Luo Xiangfei is a little skeptical that Feng Xiaochen is deliberately making trouble.

"I think it's really important. Feng Xiaochen replied for Wu Shican.

"Tell me about it. Luo Xiang Feidao.

Feng Xiaochen said: "The 11 major equipment projects we are currently responsible for are all facing the problem of shortage of senior skilled workers. We are not willing to use traditional technology to manufacture these major equipment, but need to introduce international advanced manufacturing technology, many of which we have never been exposed to in the past. For example, argon arc welding technology, many 30-year-old welders will not know, so they can only learn from scratch. There is also CNC machine tool technology, which is also completely unfamiliar to many factories.

With the introduction of more and more advanced equipment, the contradiction of the technical fault line will become increasingly intensified, relying on the enterprises to train skilled workers piecemeal, the efficiency is low, the effect is poor, and the total cost is not small. As a consultative body, the Heavy Equipment Office should take up this burden and help enterprises complete the training of senior technicians. (To be continued.) )