Throughout the eighties, China's electronics industry was still in the stage of directly copying existing foreign products, and independent research and development innovation was almost zero. One of the most famous examples is the story of "one dragon giving birth to nine sons" in the refrigerator industry.

A few years ago, there was a very strange phenomenon in the advertisements of domestic television stations, that is, the same foreign brand refrigerator advertisement was broadcast all day and night - Ariston. But if you compare carefully, you can see that each ad is different. In the morning, it may be Changfeng Ariston, and in the afternoon, it will be changed to Changling Ariston. Tomorrow, I will see that it has become Ariston in the Arctic Ocean, and the day after tomorrow it has been changed to Meiling Ariston.

It's not that Ariston is a company that plays tricks and changes an ad every day. Rather, four or five years after China's reform and opening up, the people's income has increased considerably compared with the past. Therefore, residents' consumer demand is becoming stronger year by year, and the first thing is to buy household appliances.

Stimulated by strong demand, enterprises across China introduced a large number of home appliance production lines from abroad around 85 years ago. At that time, Newsweek even had a special report that wrote: From Hong Kong to Japan, from Western Europe to North America, the world is full of Chinese waving money and searching for second-hand industrial equipment and production lines.

And Italy's Ariston company is actually not a home appliance company famous for manufacturing refrigerators. The company's real strength is the production of domestic heating and hot water equipment. The result may be that the Italians are more shrewd, they keenly grasped the business opportunities brought about by China's blind and disorderly equipment introduction impulse, and successively sold nine almost identical production lines to nine different domestic refrigerator manufacturers such as Changfeng, Changling, Arctic Ocean, and Meiling.

In the minds of the common people in the 80s, the quality of foreign goods was far better than that of Chinese goods. Therefore, in order to attract customers to buy their own products, these enterprises that introduce foreign production lines are also willing to hang "Ariston" behind their own brands in advertisements, so that consumers mistakenly think that they are Sino-foreign joint ventures. In fact, Ariston did not really invest in China except for making a fortune by buying production lines.

What's even more incredible is that nine companies like the refrigerator industry, which are located in the north and south of China, with factories of large size and management level, use the same production line to make almost identical refrigerators, and all of them make money in the next three years.

It can be seen from this that after the consumption demand of the Chinese people has been suppressed for decades, how terrifying the energy that has burst out all of a sudden. To put it mildly, in China in the 80s, as long as the factory could be put in operation, even if a herd of pigs were managed, it would still be profitable.

Since it is so easy to make money, companies naturally have no incentive to develop independently. From the perspective of policy formulation at the national level, it is hoped that the market will be exchanged for technology, and eventually overtaking in corners. However, engaging in R&D is a big risk, and the existing small life of the enterprise is very stable, and naturally most people are unwilling to take risks.

However, this situation of uniformity and lack of core competitiveness suddenly encountered a major crisis in the last year of the eighties. Under the dual effects of the domestic political environment and economic regulation, residents' consumer confidence has been greatly hit, and for the first time in decades, Chinese have found that when the original goods cannot be sold, customers still have the right to shop around and choose slowly.

It was this blow in 198-9 that made China's business community begin to realize that the era of a happy seller's market was over. In order to survive, various enterprises can only cross the sea with eight immortals to show their magical powers. Price reduction is a means, and independent research and development is also a means.

The introduced production line will quickly become obsolete, and only if you have mastered the technology yourself will not be controlled by others. It was from the 90s that a group of ambitious Chinese enterprises began to change from copying to imitation, and finally step by step towards independent innovation. Those who still cling to the old ideas of the planned economy era will soon be eliminated by the tide of market economy.

The reason why Liu Chang is so enthusiastic about selling the importance of enterprise innovation to Ni Hongzhi, who is sitting opposite, also has his own interests. He has never been a peaceful person, and this "restlessness" does not mean that he is not willing to live a step-by-step and ordinary life, but hopes to create a great career of his own.

Therefore, Liu Chang joined Oriental Commercial Company for less than three years, so he chose to leave his job without pay to start his own business. Of course, he did not do things with enthusiasm and impulse, but after careful analysis and planning in advance.

He found that with the rise of the Nanhu Electronic Development Zone, Xinnan Town, which is closest to the development zone, is bound to share the huge economic dividends generated by it, and become a commercial center in the western part of the Deep Sea Special Zone that is not inferior to the urban area.

So when Xinnan Town was in the ascendant, he teamed up with his friend Liu Wei and his wife to open a mid-to-high-end Cantonese restaurant, which was a great success. The profits of Chaojiang Spring Restaurant are enough for Liu Chang to live a comfortable life in the Deep Sea Special Zone. But after finding that the restaurant's development potential in the short term was limited, he did not hesitate to empty his shares and leave.

The reason why he returned to the Eastern Group and chose to work at the Oriental Venture Capital Company was naturally not for the dead salary. The previous first successful entrepreneurship made Liu Chang successfully promoted to become a millionaire. You know, this was in China in the 80s, which was basically equivalent to a billionaire 30 years later in terms of rarity.

In another time and space, as a window of China's reform and opening up, the deep-sea special zone played the most prominent role in the 80s, which was to become a transit point for foreign trade. However, under the influence of the Eastern Bloc, in addition to the import and export trade of the deep-sea special zone in this life, the electronics industry is still booming.

Under the huge magnet effect of the Oriental Group, hundreds of supporting enterprises of all sizes have emerged around the industrial layout of the Oriental Group in China. With the influx of capital, technology and talents, the deep-sea special zone has also become a fertile ground for entrepreneurship. Among them, venture capital, represented by Oriental Venture Capital, plays a very important role.

As a member of Oriental Ventures, Liu Chang has personally contributed to the cultivation of a number of seed projects. Of course, while enjoying the sense of accomplishment of giving roses and leaving fragrance in his hands, his greater purpose is to better grasp the dynamics of the industrial development of the deep-sea special zone.

No one has a better say in this regard than the Eastern Bloc. On the smart side, the Eastern Group did not participate in the formulation of the overall strategic plan for the development of the deep-sea special zone, but it relied on its own strong capital strength to quietly mobilize the forces of all aspects of the entire deep-sea special zone, and settled step by step according to its own layout.

Last year, Liu Chang, who didn't like Anfen, made another move, and he invested in a small electronics factory with millions of funds that had been lying in his bank account for two years. And the entrepreneurial product of this small electronics factory is the infrared remote control used on the TV.

Liu Chang didn't have time to manage the factory himself, so he hired a professional manager to do it for him. But the most critical factor that determines whether the factory can survive - orders, needs to be found by him, the boss. RCA, a subsidiary of the Oriental Group, sells more than 8 million TVs around the world every year, and each TV is equipped with at least one remote control.

However, as a small factory that has just been established, it is not qualified to become a supplier of RCA immediately. You must know that from the deep-sea special zone, to Hong Kong, Taiwan-Gulf, and even Southeast Asia and Japan, there are countless companies eyeing the orders of the Oriental Group.

Therefore, Liu Chang chose his company's customer positioning above other enterprises in the Shenhai Special Economic Zone, and he relied on the contacts he had accumulated in the Special Economic Zone over the years to successfully get a large contract from the Lu Group.

Inspired by the Oriental Group's business philosophy, other companies have also begun to learn to outsource non-core business to a third party, rather than taking everything by themselves. As one of the earliest Hong Kong companies to cooperate with the Oriental Group, Luk's Group was naturally the most affected.

At present, Lu's Group, on the one hand, is still the largest OEM enterprise of Oriental Group's televisions and computer monitors, and on the other hand, it is actively developing its own brand. According to the annual report just released by the listed company Lu's Electronics not long ago, the total number of TVs produced and sold by Lu's under its own brand last year exceeded 2.5 million units.

In addition to the order from Lu's, Liu Chang also received an unexpected surprise. Ni Hongzhi chose to produce Changhong's color TV remote control and hand it over to his factory for OEM. You know, outsourcing products was almost unthinkable for state-owned enterprises in the eighties.

Because the more production tasks, the more jobs you can create, the more new jobs you can create. For state-owned enterprises, recruitment is a delicious cake in the basket of rights. A large number of workers' children need to be arranged to work, and a large number of people from local governments and other connected enterprises and institutions hope to work in the factory.

As for whether it is cost-effective to outsource the efficiency of one's own production, that is not a priority at all. As long as the factory does not lose money, it can ensure that everyone's wages are paid on time, anyway, even if the company's efficiency is good, the profits must be handed over to the state, and there is no way to put it into the pockets of individuals.

Therefore, in this environment, Ni Hongzhi dared to hand over the remote control order to a small factory thousands of miles away, which can be described as very bold. It is precisely because of this that Liu Chang is very optimistic about Ni Hongzhi, not only because of the large orders sent to him by the other party, but also because he discovered the huge personality charm of the other party that is different from the person in charge of ordinary state-owned enterprises.

Ni Hongzhi finished eating supper at one o'clock in the second half of the night, and he and Liu Chang chatted for more than three hours around the new topic of enterprise innovation, until the end of the year, there was still a feeling of unfinished. Liu Chang is definitely very vocal on the topic of innovation, because the core business of the Oriental Venture Capital Company where he works is to find novel ideas with investment value from a variety of project proposals.

And for Ni Hongzhi, it seems to have opened up a whole new world all of a sudden. In his previous experience, the task of the enterprise was to produce products according to the tasks assigned by the planning department, and as long as the development of new products was naturally the responsibility of special scientific research institutes.

Even if Changhong Company introduced color TV production lines from abroad, the real work is actually the assembly of products without much technical content. Changhong company has also had some technological innovations in recent years, all of which have made minor adjustments to production in order to increase production capacity as much as possible to meet the previous strong sales demand.

After the squeeze of color TVs began to appear in the factory last year, Ni Hongzhi was thinking about a solution. In the end, he chose to reduce the price, which was naturally not the best choice. Although the government did not punish Changhong and himself in the end, his thorn in the rule is certainly not popular.

If Changhong's products can be achieved by no one and no one has me, then he does not need to worry about not being able to sell at all. For example, there is a ready-made example, Huaqiang Company was relatively small last year.

At present, the production lines of most domestic TV manufacturers produce 14, 16, and 18-inch small and medium-screen color TVs. Because of the large number of brands and large production capacity, this part of the market competition is the most fierce. And Huaqiang's color TV production line,The smallest size is also21Inch,Its mainstream products are25Inch,And high-end29Inch。

Because most of the production capacity of Huaqiang's production line is for RCA company, and the sales of TVs below 20 inches in the United States are very small, so although Huaqiang's OEM order is RCA's low-end color TV order, its production line is already mid-to-high-end compared to the domestic market.

Therefore, Huaqiang's domestic part of the color TV, the main competitor is not other domestic enterprises, but foreign brands. Last year, the overall sales of the color TV industry shrank, but Huaqiang's sales were basically stable. On the one hand, it is because the families who can afford to buy large-size TVs are basically some of the families who got rich first in China, and their sensitivity to price is relatively low.

Moreover, because Huaqiang Company is a domestic enterprise, the TV sets it produces save exchange rate costs and tariff costs, and are naturally much cheaper than competing foreign TV sets of the same size. So those budget-conscious consumers,Out of the consideration of saving money,The original plan may be ready to buy foreign goods,Now they choose to buy Huaqiang color TV with the same excellent quality。

Therefore,Huaqiang company relied on encroaching on the market share of a large number of foreign TV brands,In the context of last year's color TV industry,It is still able to keep sales from declining,This is where the advantage of leading technology lies。

Ni Hongzhi was lying on the bed in the hotel and thought of this, his heart couldn't help but be hot, he seemed to have grasped the direction of Changhong Company's future progress. And Li Huolin, the CEO of Huaqiang Company, who he regarded as a role model, has not yet fallen asleep! )