Rendering refers to the positive description of the environment and scenery in many aspects, so as to highlight the image and create an artistic conception. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

Zhao Shixiu's poem "The Guest": "In the Huangmei season, it rains at home, and the grass pond is full of frogs. There is an appointment not to come for the night and a half, and the chess pieces are idle and the lights are dropped. Among them, "family rain" and "frogs everywhere" render an atmosphere, setting off the depth of the night and the silence of the night.

2. Accentuation refers to deliberately describing from the side, as a foil, so that the things needed are clearly highlighted. That is to say, do not say the original intention, but only talk about other things related to it, so as to achieve the purpose of highlighting the original intention.

Accentuation is used in poetry to refer to the deliberate description from the side, as a foil, so that the things to be expressed are clearly highlighted.

Liu Xizai, a Qing dynasty scholar, said in his "Art Overview": "The spirit of the mountain cannot be written, but it is written in the haze, and the spirit of spring cannot be written, but it is written in the grass and trees." This method is introduced into poetry creation, which refers to using the pen from the side to describe and arrange things, so that the things that are "supported" are more prominent.

Qi already has a poem "Early Plum": "Ten thousand trees are frozen and want to fold, and the lonely roots are warm and alone." In the deep snow in the front village, a branch bloomed last night. The wind is fragrant, and the birds are glamorous. If you respond to the law next year, you will be the first to look at the spring platform. This poem uses the sentence "Poultry peep Su Yan to come" to show the beauty of early plums.

3. Foil is to use the conditions of similarity or opposition between things, and use some things as a foil to highlight the expression of the things to be expressed. It can make the foiled thing appear more prominent, imaged. It is divided into positive lining and reverse lining.

Positive lining: with the same or beautiful things to set off, such as moving to set off, static to set quiet, music to set music, to mourn to set off, that is, "green leaves lined with safflower". Bai Juyi has a poem "Spring Trip to Qiantang Lake": "Gushan Temple is in the west of Jia Ting, and the level is low at the beginning of the clouds. Several early warblers compete for warm trees, and whose new swallows peck the spring mud. The flowers are gradually charming to the eye, and the asakusa can have no horseshoe. The favorite lake is not enough to go east, and the white sand embankment in the green poplar shade. This poem uses the vibrant scenery of West Lake to set off the poet's joy from the front.

In addition, "looking back and smiling, the six palaces have no color" (Bai Juyi's "Long Hate Song") uses the beauty of the concubines of the six palaces to set off the beauty of the jade ring.

The contrast is set off by opposite things, such as the movement to set off the static, the music to set off the sorrow, and the ugliness to set off the beauty.

"Xie Ting's Farewell" in the Tang Dynasty Xu Hun Lao Song is a song to explain the boat, and the red leaves and green mountains are rapid. The sunset wine is far away, and the wind and rain go down to the west building. Shanglian uses the beautiful and poetic scenery of "red leaves and green mountains" to contrast the poet's sorrow and hatred. "Jiang Zhai's Poems" said: "Write mourning with music, write music with mourning, and double its sorrow."

In addition, "the moonrise frightens the mountain birds, and the song is deep in the stream" (Wang Wei's "Birdsong Stream") contrasts with the "night quiet" of the spring mountain with the "surprise" and "song" of the bird.

2. Distinction of usage 1. Rendering: Rendering the atmosphere through the description of (environmental) scenes. Write from the front.

Du Fu's "Ascending" is a fifty-six-year-old poet who climbed the high platform outside the White Emperor City in Kuizhou alone, and the scenery of the Autumn River in front of him triggered his emotion of drifting away from his life experience, and infiltrated into the sorrow of his old illness and loneliness. The first couplet, "The Wind is Urgent, the Sky is High, the Ape Howls, and the White Bird Flies Back", writes about what he saw and heard between the pitches, and six close-ups appear in a row, rendering the characteristics of the bleak and desolate autumn river scenery, and setting a gloomy and sad tone for the whole poem.

2. Accentuation: Highlight the mood through the description of the (scenery) environment. Write from the side. (Only the side side is written)

For example, the last eight sentences in the Yuefu poem "Mo Shang Sang": "The walker sees Luo Fu, and the beard is brushed, and the young man sees Luo Fu, taking off his hat and putting his head on his head." The cultivator forgets his ploughing, and the hoe forgets his hoe. Come and return to resent, but sit and watch Luofu. "The beauty of Rashiki is set off from the demeanor of the viewer, which is more artistic than directly describing it from the front.

In many cases, rendering and contrasting theories, especially in poetry works that borrow scenery to express lyricism, often use rendering techniques to describe the scenery to shape the artistic conception, and then use the scenery (artistic conception) to set off the emotions of the characters.

Generally speaking, we say that it is to render the atmosphere and set off the emotion.

For example, Liu Yong's "Yulin Bell", the first sentence "cold cicada poignant, late to the long pavilion, the first break of the shower" three sentences to write the farewell environment, pointing out that the season of parting is the bleak and bleak autumn, the location is the long pavilion outside Bianjing City, and the specific time is the cold dusk after the rain.

Through the description of these scenes, the author tries his best to render a bleak atmosphere, highlighting the author's inner sorrow and hatred.

3. Setting: Divided into positive lining and reverse lining. (Write two sides, but in order to highlight one of them) "Boundless falling trees and Xiao Xiaoxiao, endless Yangtze River rolling" (Du Fu's "Ascending") with a desolate autumn scenery to set off the poet's sorrow.

The brilliance of the famous sentence of the Liang Dynasty of the Southern Dynasty, "The quieter the cicada noise forest, the more secluded the birdsong mountain" is that the cicada noise and birdsong are used as a contrast to express the quiet and pleasant artistic conception in the deep mountains and dense forests.

4. Comparison: The two sides of the confrontation are to draw other conclusions through comparison. For example, Mei Yaochen's "The Potter": "The soil in front of the door is exhausted, and there is no tile on the house." Ten fingers do not stick to the mud, and the scales live in the building. Through the strong and sharp contrast between the potter and the rich family, the whole poem profoundly exposes the extreme irrationality of the feudal social system and expresses the poet's deep sympathy for the toiling people.

Summary: Rendering and accentuation: both aim to make the object of the depiction more distinct and prominent, but the two focus on different points: the former writes from the front, thus saying this, and the latter uses ink from the side, thus "supporting" the other.

Accentuation and foiling: "Accentuation" is to write out the things you want to express through other things, so using one thing to imply another thing is called accentuation.

This is not the same as "foiling" because "foiling" is writing both things.

"Foiling" is the technique of using similar, related things or opposite, different things as a foil to highlight the subject thing. "Foiling" is divided into positive lining and reverse lining.

Contrast and foil: contrast is the opposite or similar two things compared with each other, in order to jointly express a certain idea or artistic conception, the contrast of the two sides is not divided into primary and secondary, and the foil is to highlight a major thing with secondary things as a foil, one side is a tool, one side is the purpose, and the two are clear in primary and secondary ways. (Contrast is often used in discourse, while contrast is often used in description)

3. Category distinction Rendering, accentuation, and foiling belong to writing techniques, while contrast belongs to rhetorical techniques.