Yang Zheng hurriedly said: "Say, that's it, that's the case, I think after I leave the Hanlin Academy, I hope that the Pavilion Elder will take over my position and continue to advance logic?"

The reason why Yang Zheng chose Yang Pu was that in the matter of logic, Yang Pu was more enlightened and openly supported him, and second, in the second year of Emperor Jianwen, Yang Pu ascended to the rank of Jinshi and was awarded the compilation of Hanlin. In the early years of Yongle, he served the prince to wash horses and serve the prince Zhu Gaochi (Ming Renzong). In the twelfth year of Yongle, because of the Han King Zhu Gaoxu's frame, the officials and subordinates of the East Palace were all implicated, and Yang Pu was imprisoned in the edict prison, and he studied diligently in prison and never stopped. Ten years, the scriptures and historical books read through the times, the knowledge and insight are extraordinary, since the twenty-second year of Yongle, Renzong ascended the throne, Yang Pu was released from prison, awarded the official Hanlin bachelor, Renzong built Hongwen Pavilion on the left side of Sishanmen, and selected talented and well-behaved people among the ministers to enter the cabinet on duty.

Yang Shiqi recommended Wang Jin and Confucian Chen Ji, and Jianyi recommended Yang Jing and He Cheng. Renzong awarded Dr. Chen Ji, edited by Yang Jing, and He Cheng was on duty in the cabinet every day. He also ordered Yang Pu to take charge of the cabinet affairs, and personally granted him the cabinet seal, saying: "I keep Aiqing left and right to use, not only for learning, but also to understand the people's feelings broadly, so as to help govern the country." What do you have to report, you can seal it and submit it. Soon he was promoted to Taichang Siqing, and he still held the old position. In a few months, he was awarded three positions in a row, but he took care of the Hongwen Pavilion very well, which shows that he has made extraordinary achievements in learning.

Third, the country of Sanyang has become inevitably driven by historical development, to have Yang Pu as a shield, the official does not dare to be too presumptuous, and Yang Pu is loyal and compassionate, loves people with virtue, everything and everywhere, will be supplemented by the Tao, unwilling to follow and follow, Gai Fei is not only the benefit of cutting, friends are beneficial, Gai Duo also, such people are most suitable for learning, based on the above three articles, Yang Zheng feels that Yang Pu is the most suitable person to promote the development of logic.

Yang Pu held his hands behind his back and muttered for a moment, then raised his head this time and glanced at Yang Zheng, and said, "Why does the old man want to help you promote logic?"

Yang Zheng immediately smiled when he heard this, Yang Pu said this, that is, he wanted to know the benefits of this science, he wanted to understand, he had the mind to promote, understood this, the nervousness in his heart, and immediately returned to calm, but his face still couldn't hide the joy, so Yang Pu looked at him with some curiosity, and said in his heart: "A logic, can you use excitement like a child?"

Yang Zheng pondered slightly, thinking in his mind about how to persuade Yang Pu and how to make him really feel the benefits of logic, which is indeed not easy to say, because the most favorable statement in any science is actually the verification of time, and his own logic, but in the Ming Dynasty, he has not yet gone through the baptism of time, and if he wants to say something good, he doesn't know where to start, and he seems a little hesitant for a while-

Yang Pu seemed to see his thoughts, and said: " The old man is not a pedantic person, your logic old man a few days ago, but also saw some clues, you don't have to say too deeply, just talk about it, the benefits of this logic are on the line, a knowledge is not worth promoting, first of all, it must be useful, just like the Four Books and Five Classics can allow us to read the words of the sage and obtain the imperial examination, so as to be named on the gold list, famous all over the world, mountains and flowing water, let me get a bosom friend, but also imagine the mountains, imagine the flowing water, you can tell the old man from this aspect ......?"

Logic is too extensive, Yang Zheng really didn't know where to start, after listening to Yang Pu's words, his eyes lit up, and he said: "How did I forget it, I promoted logic, isn't it because he is a tool of knowledge, opening up a new path for human beings to understand the truth, why are you confused now, but an ancient person sees farther than himself, and is really ashamed?"

"What did Master Ge say, I'll tell you about it?" After pondering for a while, he said: "This logic cannot be felt from the most intuitive sense, it is not intuitive, nor is it like the subject matter of geometry, it is an abstract sensory appearance, but a purely abstract thing, and it requires a special ability and skill to be able to trace back to pure thought, firmly grasp pure thought, and act in pure thought. ”

Yang Pu squinted his eyes, thought seriously for a moment, and said, "Can you understand a little more?"

Yang Zheng was embarrassed and said: "To put it simply, the content of logic is nothing else, that is, our own thinking, and the regulations of familiarity with thinking, and these regulations are the simplest and most preliminary at the same time, and they are also the most familiar to everyone, such as: existence and non-existence, quality and quantity, self-existence and self-existence, one and many, and so on. “

Yang Pu said: "These things that don't seem to be worth the effort to study such familiar things, everyone knows it, and it has become a habit, what are you doing with this effort?

"There is only a thin line between a madman and a genius!" Yang Zheng said with a smile.

Yang Pu seemed to be recalling this sentence, and did not answer immediately.

Yang Zheng said: "What Elder Ge said is extremely that for these things that are already accustomed to, it is indeed not worth the effort to study such familiar things, however, we can look at it from the other side, for these concepts, the way that logic studies and understands is different from the way that ordinary people are already familiar with, or even the opposite.

The usefulness of logic depends on how much training it can give to the learner for other purposes. The upbringing of the person who learns the science of logic consists in the training of the mind, so that the mind is truly pure in the mind, because this science is the thinking of the mind. — But as far as logic as an absolute form of truth, and especially as far as logic itself as pure truth, is by no means merely something useful. But if the noblest, the freest, and the most independent, that is, the most useful, then logic is not unthinkably useful, but its usefulness is not merely for the formal exercise of the mind, but must be evaluated separately. ”

Yang Pu's eyes narrowed slightly, suddenly opened, looking at the sky outside the Forbidden City, and he didn't know what to see, and after a while, he said, "How to value?"

Yang Zheng's thinking seemed to be smoother, and his speech was more coherent, and he continued: "The clearest answer is that truth is the object of logic. Truth is a noble term, and its substance is especially noble. As long as a person's spirit and mood are healthy, the pursuit of truth will arouse a high degree of enthusiasm in his heart. ”

"Haha, this statement is interesting, aren't you afraid of people asking, what is the truth? We all know these things, and we may not see what truth you are talking about when we study it, right?" Yang Pu threw out such a sentence from time to time.

Yang Zheng said: "Ge Lao is really insightful, this is the weakness of logic, to tell you the truth, every time we talk about it in our hometown, someone will immediately ask rhetorically: "Do we have the ability to know the truth?"

Yang Pu said: "That's it, I'm not sure if I can recognize the truth, so what are you going to learn." Don't look at it, Zhu Cheng's science is a simple sentence of saving heaven and destroying people, but it was founded by the brothers of Ercheng (Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi) from Henan in the Northern Song Dynasty, during which he passed through his disciple Yang Shi, and then passed on Luo Congyan, and passed on the inheritance of Li Dong three times, and Zhu Xi in the Southern Song Dynasty was set as a masterpiece. People believe that reason is the origin of all things in the universe (from different perspectives, he has different names, such as heaven, Tao, etc.), and he is good, he gives goodness to people will become nature, and giving goodness to society will become "rites", and people in the world are chaotic and intertwined, it is easy to lose their own nature of endowment from "reason", and society will lose "rites".

It is also believed that since reason is the origin of all things in the universe, there must be a "reason" for all things to "be", and that by deducing the truth of things (Gewu), the goal of knowing the truth (Zhizhi) can be achieved.

Therefore, if you can't restrain the expansion of selfish desires, you will deviate from the way of heaven, not only will you not be able to become a saint (the highest cultivator of Confucianism, everyone can reach it), but you may also lose yourself in the world, so you must cultivate, return, and stretch the nature given by God (Storing Heavenly Principles) to achieve the highest state of "benevolence", at this time you have completely entered the reason, that is, "the unity of heaven and man", and then you can "do what you want from the heart without exceeding the rules", at this time human desires have been integrated into the principles of heaven (destroying people yu, not without yu, but the unity of reason and yu), unintentional, unnecessary, non-solid, Without self (from "nothing" to "nothing"), no matter what you do, you will not deviate from the way of heaven. You listen to other people's knowledge, everywhere is the avenue, it is difficult not to be promoted, and then look at your logic, what is the truth is not understandable, and it is a headache to listen to?

Yang Zheng is not angry, the fundamental feature of anthropology is to form a more complete conceptualized and systematic philosophy and belief system of Confucianism in society, ethnicity, ethics and morality, and personal life beliefs, and make it logical, psychological, abstract and truthful. This made Lixue have a strong sense of autonomy, and formed the political concept that reason is higher than the potential, and the Taoist system is higher than the governing system, which provides theoretical support for suppressing the monarchy and allowing Chinese politics to move towards the common people and the people's participation in politics and discussion in the Song and Ming dynasties. It also makes the logical, abstract, systematic, and ethical moralization dominate the "Heavenly Principle" and "Heavenly Dao", replacing the rough "Mandate of Heaven" concept and personality of God, which is a huge leap in Chinese and world philosophical thought, this leap has gone through hundreds of years of deduction, and is naturally well-known, and his own logic has just started, and the gap can be seen without thinking too much, and Yang Pu said this, in fact, deep down he was not satisfied with Yang Zheng's remarks just now!"

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The second one is sent, please watch!