Only when it is determined that it is safe and effective, the next step is the development of the preparation, after all, the taking of the medicine is also particular, and you can't get some compounds, just pour it directly into your mouth, right?

Preparation development is an important part of drug application, for example, some drugs have poor gastrointestinal absorption, so they need to be developed as injections, and some drugs will lose their activity in gastric acid, so they need to be developed into enteric-coated preparations, and some compounds have poor solubility, which can also partially solve this problem through preparations. Pen ~ fun ~ pavilion www.biquge.info

These are collectively referred to as preclinical studies and are the very beginning of drug development.

The steps of each experiment are not necessarily carried out in strict accordance with this order, and each step is a mutually inclusive and coordinated relationship.

However, when the drug development is completed, it is not directly marketed, but continues clinical research, and clinical research is divided into clinical phase I, clinical phase II, and clinical phase III.

Traditional Chinese medicine is originally eaten in the stomach, so Mo Xie is not worried that the active substances he extracts cannot be absorbed by the stomach, but how to absorb it to achieve the best effect really needs to be studied.

Why is the effect of TCM decoction slow? It's not too extensive, many prescriptions are all cooked together with some useful and useless ones, even if there are some special methods, if they can be refined, the effect is not very good, and now after Mo Xie extracts it, the effect will definitely be different.

After being busy for a long time, all the extracted active substances were labeled, and they were put away in different categories, and Mo Xie stood up.

Came to the laboratory next to him, fed the thirteen mice, and observed the performance of the mice for a while, Mo Ye walked out of the laboratory, locked the door, and then walked down quickly.

I took out my phone and looked at it, it was already half past six in the afternoon, and it was time to eat, so the corridor was full of people.

"Classmate Mo, have you gained anything?" As soon as he walked into the elevator, an old man asked with a smile.

Mo Xie glanced up and said with a smile: "Hello Professor Zhang, I have been harvesting every day recently, I don't know what kind of harvest you are talking about?" ”

"Shout! It seems that Senior Brother Mo is not small, and he has only been in our biological research institute for a few days? Is there a harvest every day? A young man next to Mo Xie said with a smile.

"You can't say that, as long as you study hard, it's not surprising that you will gain something every day!" Professor Zhang continued to laugh.

"It's not surprising that there are gains in learning, but I heard that Senior Brother Mo is studying Lost Incense? Did you know that this is Professor Cheng's project? It was the young man who said.

Mo Xie nodded and said, "I heard, but is there anything wrong with this?" ”

"Haha, of course it's no problem, there are many research rooms for the study of Lost Incense, but there are not many results!" The young man said in a weird way again.

"Really?" Mo Xie smiled and didn't say anything.

"If you really like it, you can join my research group, I am a researcher of cell repair, I heard that you have a very unique insight in this regard?" Professor Zhang put away his smile and asked seriously.

Mo Xie knew that Professor Zhang was really a scholar, so he didn't want to be perfunctory, but he wouldn't go to work for people.

"I'm very interested in gene technology, but it's too high-end technology, I just know a little, after all, I haven't studied it systematically!" Mo Evil Dao.

The achievements of gene technology, now Mo Ye has mastered several kinds, such as gene mutagenesis, such as gene enhancement, but this kind of design gene drug must require a long time of animal experiments, otherwise, even if the super biological detector detects that it is non-toxic, Mo Ye will not dare to use it casually.

For example, mutagenic gene liquid, this thing is indeed non-toxic, but it is possible to mutate the gene after eating it, maybe it is mutated for the better, but does Mo Xie dare to use it?

It's just a man to a woman, which makes him intimidating, so recently Mo Xie has been researching biopharmaceuticals, because of the results of this research, the super biological detector can detect whether it is toxic or not.

Only non-toxic active substances, or slightly toxic active substances, will Mo Ye let it enter animal experiments and then conduct clinical trials.

Others didn't know what Mo Ye was thinking, so the man sneered again, "You finally have self-knowledge!" ”

"Xiao Zhao, how do you speak? In fact, the technology I study is not very cutting-edge science, after all, gene technology is becoming more and more mature, cell repair may soon enter people's lives, you are interested, and smart, as long as you follow me to do experiments, it will not take a year at most, you can catch up! Professor Zhang said.

Mo Ye shook his head, in the future, the correction and modification of genes may become as cheap and easy as software development, but it will definitely not be now, and entering this field now is definitely to be a scientific research dog and a research ape.

The current biotechnology is changing too quickly, and Mo Xie has no idea of going into it to surf and surf the tide.

And as time goes by, the cost of gene-related projects will become lower and lower, and when the time comes, it will be good for him to stand directly on the shoulders of giants, and there is no need to grow up with hormones now.

To take the simplest example, just 15 years ago, it cost about $3 billion to test a whole body of human genes, but in 2007 it cost $1 million, and in 2013 it cost almost $25,000.

But by 2014, genome sequencing was available for less than $1,000, which was even less than the price of an X-ray chest X-ray, and even so, some predicted that in ten years' time, the cost of a genetic test might be lower than the cost of flushing the toilet!

This is the upgrading of biotechnology, therefore, the replacement of biological researchers is also very fast, as long as you leave this field, it will not take half a year, you will be eliminated by the times, which is also the reason why Mo Ye can't find anyone to help for a while.

It was not the first time that Mo Xie had rejected Professor Zhang's invitation, almost every time they met, Professor Zhang would invite him once, so Professor Zhang had been rejected a lot, and Professor Zhang had adapted to it.

"I wonder how your antioxidants are being studied? I heard that animal experiments have been carried out? Professor Zhang saw no hope and immediately changed the subject.

Mo Xie hadn't been born yet, and the young man spoke again: "Buy a few mice, it's an animal experiment?" Professor, you think too highly of him, don't you? Besides, antioxidant is not as good as cell repair.

As long as cells can be repaired, not only cancer can be treated, but human beings will delay aging, and even immortality, which will no longer be a dream! ”

Saying this, the young man's eyes began to glow, and it seemed that he didn't have any ability and could only spray garbage.

Mo Xie smiled and said: "I can't compare with you, your cell repair is the real high-tech, I can only play with free radical removal!" ”

"Free radical scavengers? So you've extracted enough antioxidant actives? Professor Zhang's eyes sparkled.

Mo Ye nodded and said, "This is not difficult, many laboratories can do it, the main thing is the effect!" ”

"That's true, but how did the effect come about? It can only be on the basis of experiments again and again, experimented, do it well, maybe your results can still be ahead of us! The elevator door opened, and Professor Zhang patted Mo Ye on the shoulder.

Mo Xie and the young man laughed out loud at the same time, the young man obviously turned on the mockery mode, but Mo Ye was modest.

Looking at the two people who left, Mo Xie shook his head, there are many researchers in biological sciences now, and many projects are overlapping, as for who produces the results first, it depends on the ability.

"Cell repair, this is the right way!" Mo Xie said with a little emotion.

It's not that he doesn't want to study this, but genetic technology is really not something that one or two people can afford to play, even if Mo Ye is rich and doesn't have a mature team, he can't play.

This is different from his programming, programming himself even if it is slower, it can be done, but biological gene technology, many projects are too cumbersome, if you do it alone, you don't know how to do it in the year of the monkey.

"You can't study telomere repair, but you can study cell division and regeneration, so although it will reduce cell life, it's better than not repairing, right?"

Cell division and cell repair are completely different things, cell division is reproduction, reproduction is limited to a certain number of times, and the limit of cell reproduction is telomere.

Telomeres are the terminal parts of chromosomes that stabilize chromosome end structure, prevent interchromosome end joining, and compensate for gaps at lagging strand ends after eliminating RNA primers.

Tissue cultured cells have demonstrated that telomeres play an important role in determining the longevity of animal and plant cells, and that aging cells cultured over multiple generations have shortened telomeres and become chromosomely unstable.

Telomere, which is located at both ends of the DNA, gets shorter and shorter as we age, until finally because it is too short to divide, life dies.

Cancer cells have telomerase, which repairs telomeres, and cancer cells run rampant on this thing.

Professor Zhang's research is on the repair of telomeres, as long as the telomeres are repaired, it is equivalent to increasing the vitality of cells, so that cells can continue to divide and reproduce, so that human beings can continue to metabolize and live forever.

It sounds ridiculous, but at the end of biological research, it is really possible to make people immortal, and many research projects are also developing in this direction.

Experimental studies have found that the number of divisions of animal embryonic cells in the process of growth is regular, and senescence and death occur at a certain stage, which is related to the number and cycle of cell division, and the multiplication of the two is its natural lifespan.

The baby's cells are placed in a culture medium and divide again and again, multiplying from generation to generation, but when the cells divide to 50 generations, the cells all senescent and die.

Therefore, human beings can calculate the lifespan of a person according to the number of cell divisions, and the cycle of division is about 2.4 years, according to this calculation, the life expectancy of a person should be 120 years.