Only at this time, Qing'er had already recited the song "Queqiao Immortal Waiting for the Moon" by the generation of male lord Wan Yan Liang: "Stop the cup and don't raise it, stop the song and don't send it, and wait for the silver toad to go to sea." www.biquge.info I don't know where the clouds are coming, and I don't know where to do it, and I can't get to the sky. The beard was twisted, the starry eyes were cracked, and he only hated the sword unpleasantly. Cut off Ziyun's waist with a wave, and look carefully, Chang'e's posture. ”

It can be seen from the words that after the end of the face and the moon did not come, he actually gave birth to the heart of cutting the clouds, and there was a faint murderous aura between the lines. Soon after, Wan Yanliang led 270,000 troops, known as one million, to attack the Northern Song Dynasty in four ways, opening the curtain of the Song and Jin Wars. ”

After the Jin soldiers broke through Yanjing, they crossed the Yellow River and went all the way south, approaching Bianliang, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. Song Huizong saw that the situation was not good, so he followed the advice of the minister, and Chan was located in the crown prince Zhao Huan, that is, Song Qinzong, and took the year name Jingkang. In the second year of Jingkang, the Jin soldiers led by Wan Yanliang broke through Kaifeng City, the two emperors of Hui and Qin were captured, and the Northern Song Dynasty was also destroyed. ”

Since then, half of the Song Dynasty has fallen into the hands of the Jin people, which is sad and indignant, which is what we often call the shame of Jingkang. Jin Yong's "The Legend of the Condor Heroes" is based on this period, and the names of the two protagonists in the book, Guo Jing and Yang Kang, are taken from the disgraceful spin-off of Jingkang. ”

Hearing this, the old man and Thangka couldn't help but sigh.

Especially Thangka, although he didn't hear Liu Yong's poem much, he still knew a lot about the demise of Song Zhi, and even had a special study. Even though he himself is a staunch supporter of both good and evil, the strong feelings he has cultivated since childhood still make him quite "righteous and awe-inspiring" in this regard.

He clearly remembered that his graduation thesis at the university that year was written "The Awakening of the Song Dynasty", during which he consulted a large number of literary and historical materials, and he was quite familiar with it.

As Qing'er said, this era was the most gloomy era in Chinese history, and the Northern Song Dynasty, which was majestic in the Central Plains, collapsed, leaving only half of the Southern Song Dynasty in danger. Not long after, it was also destroyed by the powerful Mongol cavalry. Therefore, someone once said that there was no China after the Song Dynasty, although it is a bit extreme, but it is quite alarming.

The people who said this sentence have extremely strong national self-confidence, and they believe that the demise of the Song Dynasty is definitely not a change of dynasty in a simple sense, but to put it more seriously, it is the first time that China and Chinese civilization have died out.

The fall of the Song Dynasty was due to the death of the entire Chinese elite after the last earth-shattering and tragic Battle of Yashan, and the Chinese civilization that has been inherited for thousands of years has created a fault line, and its impact has continued to this day. Therefore, it is said that "there is no China after the Song Dynasty" is also called "after Yashan, there is no China".

After the so-called Yashan, refers to the Battle of Yashan, is the last battle of the Southern Song Dynasty, the last battle of the Song and Yuan dynasties, this war marked the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Song and Yuan sides invested more than 500,000 troops, including 200,000 in the Song side, but including Wenchen and his dependents, court personnel, ordinary people, the actual combat effectiveness is only tens of thousands, and finally the Song army was annihilated.

The battle marked the end of the Song dynasty and the complete control of China by the Mongol and Yuan regimes. This event also marked the decline and fall of Chinese civilization in the classical sense.

Prior to this, after the Yuan army defeated the Song army in the Battle of Xiangfan, it approached Lin'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. The Song court failed to sue for peace, so the five-year-old little emperor Emperor Song Gong surrendered. Under the escort of her uncle Yang Liangjie, Concubine Yang Shu fled with the two kings of the Song Dynasty, namely Zhao Yu, the king of Yi, and Zhao Yu, the king of Guang, and joined the ministers Lu Xiufu, Zhang Shijie, Chen Yizhong, Wen Tianxiang, etc.

But the commander of the Yuan army, Bo Yan, pursued him relentlessly, and the two kings had no choice but to flee to Fuzhou. Soon, Zhao Yu, who had just turned seven, ascended the throne as Emperor Bu and was Song Duanzong. The year name Jingyan, respecting Yang Shufei as the queen mother, sealing his younger brother Zhao Yu as the king of Wei, Zhang Shijie as the general, Lu Xiufu as the signing of the Privy Council, Chen Yizhong as the prime minister, Wen Tianxiang as the Shaobao, Xinguo Gong, and organizing the anti-Yuan work.

After that, the Yuan Dynasty stepped up the pace of exterminating the Song Dynasty. The following year, Fuzhou fell, and the exiled small court fled to Quanzhou and then to Guangdong. But I didn't want to, Song Duanzong fell ill due to falling into the water, and soon died, and the seven-year-old Wei King Zhao Yu ascended the throne with the year name Xiangxing. After Zhao Yu ascended the throne, he was escorted by Lu Xiufu, the prime minister of Zuo, and Zhang Shijie, the Taifu, and fled to Yashan, where he set up a stronghold and prepared to continue to resist the Yuan.

Soon, Wen Tianxiang, who was fighting against the Yuan in Guangdong and Jiangxi, was captured by the Yuan army in Haifeng County because he could not get the support of the exiled court, and the anti-Yuan forces on land were destroyed.

In the second year of Xiangxing, the Yuan Dynasty sent Zhang Hongfan, a Han general who surrendered and captured Wen Tianxiang, as the main commander, and Li Heng, a descendant of Western Xia, as the deputy commander, to attack the Zhao court. At this time, the strength of the Song army was claimed to be more than 200,000, but in fact, tens of thousands of them were civil officials, palace maids, eunuchs and other non-combatants, while Zhang Hongfan and Li Heng had more than 100,000 elite soldiers. The two sides did their best to start the final battle at Yashan.

Some in the Song army suggested that the exit of the bay should be occupied first to protect the retreat route to the west. However, at this time, morale was low, and in order to prevent the soldiers from fleeing, Zhang Shijie rejected the proposal and ordered the burning of palaces, houses, and strongholds on land, and more than 1,000 Song army ships were stationed in the bay in the form of "chain boats", and Zhao Yu's "dragon boats" were placed in the middle of the army.

Zhang Hongfan was well versed in the art of war, so he ordered the Yuan army to carry thatch and grease in small boats, ride the wind and set fires, and rushed to the Song ships. However, Zhang Shijie took precautions, smeared the Song ships with mud, and placed a long log horizontally on each boat to resist the Yuan army's attack.

The Yuan Dynasty's naval divisions failed to attack, and adopted the method of blockade, and the army cut off the road for the Song army to draw water and cut wood. The Song army was deprived of fresh water, ate dry food for more than ten days, and was forced to eat seawater, causing vomiting and diarrhea, and reducing combat effectiveness.

After several rounds of fierce battles, Zhang Hongfan tried every means to capture Zhang Shijie's nephew Han alive and surrender to Zhang Shijie three times, but to no avail. He also ordered the captured Wen Tianxiang to write a book to persuade him to surrender, but Wen Tianxiang swore to die, and instead sent him a poem "Crossing the Zero Ding Yang" written when he was captured and crossed the river.

After a hard encounter, there are few stars around. The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is fluttering, and the life experience is ups and downs. The panicked beachhead said panic, and the zero ding sighed in the ocean. All men are mortal? Keep Dan in mind.

After Zhang Hongshi saw it, he no longer forced Wen Tianxiang, so he was bent on a decisive battle with the Song army. Divided his army into four parts, stationed an army on the east, south, and north sides of the Song army, and he led an army to face the Song army head-on, only one mile away. And do the opposite, with music as the signal of the general attack.

At that time, Li Heng and other Yuan troops who attacked the north of the Song army failed and retreated with the tide. Zhang Hongfan immediately ordered the Yuan army to pretend to play music, and after hearing it, Song Jun thought that the Yuan army was having a banquet and relaxed a little. But he didn't want to, Zhang Hongfan's sailors began a frontal attack with the sound of music, covering the pre-built ship building with a curtain cloth and laying an ambush, and taking Mingjin as the order to advance.

When the Song army heard the sound of gold, they thought that the Yuan army had retreated. But he didn't want to, the ambush soldiers of the Yuan army prostrated themselves with shields, approached the Song ships under the rain of arrows, and almost crashed into the Song ships before withdrawing from the battle. For a time, seven Song ships were broken in a row, the Song division was defeated, and the Yuan army fought all the way to the center of the Song army.

At this time, Zhang Shijie had already seen that the general trend had gone, so he dispatched elite soldiers and ordered to cut off the big rope and break through. But it was too late, and the ships of the little emperor Zhao Yu were caught in the middle, and the conflict did not come out. In the end, Lu Xiufu, the prime minister of the left, saw that he could not break through, and in order to avoid humiliation, he threw himself into the sea with the eight-year-old Zhao Yu on his back and died.

After that, the most heroic scene in Chinese history took place. After the death of the emperor, more than 100,000 soldiers and civilians accompanying him also jumped into the sea one after another and died heroically! This is not an exaggeration, but a historical fact recorded in the "History of the Song Dynasty", "In this battle, more than 100,000 corpses floated into the sea." ”

After the war, only Zhang Shijie escaped by chance, hoping to find the descendants of the Zhao family of the Song Dynasty in the name of Empress Dowager Yang, and then try to do it later. But he didn't want Empress Dowager Yang to commit suicide at sea after hearing the news of Zhao Yu's death. After Zhang Shijie collected his body, he buried it by the sea and passed away in grief.

After that, Zhang Hongfan withdrew his troops, and Zhang Shijie was the only one who was afraid. Later, I don't know if the heavens were really going to die in the Song Dynasty, the boat Zhang Shijie was riding was destroyed by a hurricane, and a generation of famous generals unfortunately drowned at the foot of Pingzhang Mountain. As a result, "Shijie died, and Song died".

The next day, 100,000 corpses floated on the sea. Lu Xiufu's body was found by the people and buried, and the body of the little emperor Zhao Yu was found by the Yuan army.

Yuan Bing handed over the jade seal to Zhang Hongfan, who confirmed that the child was Zhao Yu and sent someone to retrieve it, but Zhao Hao's body was already missing. It is said that it was buried by the people in Chiwan Village, Shenzhen, Guangdong, and still exists today.

After the destruction of the Song Dynasty, Zhang Hongfan was ecstatic, showing off his might, and ordered people to carve twelve characters on the rock wall of Yashan Mountain, "Zhang Hongfan, the general of the Zhenguo Dynasty, destroyed the Song Dynasty here". However, as if providential, he did not stay complacent for long, and died of illness the following year. Later generations were ashamed of what Zhang Hongfan did when he first descended to the Yuan Dynasty and then attacked the Song Dynasty, so he changed his big characters to "Song will destroy Zhang Hongfan and the Song Dynasty here".

This is the so-called "after Yashan, there is no more China", after this battle, three-quarters of the people in the Song Dynasty's household registration book were slaughtered. At that time, the elite either went into seclusion overseas or committed suicide by throwing themselves into the sea, and for the first time in history, China completely fell to foreigners.

Therefore, many historians regard the Battle of Yashan as an important turning point in Chinese history. The process of China's independent development was interrupted, and the once highly developed economy, culture, science and technology, the bureaucratic system that combined the imperial examination with the world, the imperial power that began to be limited, the advanced political system, etc., were interrupted, and many foreign historians even regarded the fall of the Song Dynasty as the end of China in the classical sense.

The Song Dynasty was not only the most developed dynasty in China's traditional culture, economy, and technology, but also the era when Chinese capitalism began to sprout. At that time, for China, the Song Dynasty was a Renaissance. Chinese culture is a positive, open culture at this time. The Han Dynasty was strong, the Tang Dynasty was Wusheng, and the Song Dynasty was Wenwang. Chinese culture reached its peak in the Song Dynasty. The Song dynasty in Chinese history was the closest to modern management, but this era that ushered in the pinnacle of Chinese culture withered with the demise of the Song.

Since the Song Dynasty, the self-confident, open, and tolerant nation has disappeared. In the Yuan Dynasty, the Han people in the north were third-class subjects, while the Han people in the south were fourth-class subjects, reduced to the lowest people.

Although a hundred years later, the Han people successfully restored the country and founded the Ming Dynasty, but the subsequent dynasties were greatly influenced by the barbarians, ignoring the value of life and suppressing commercial trade. After being hit hard by the nomads, the people became more conservative and the ruling class became more brutal.

In the following centuries, most Han Chinese became numb in the face of foreign insults. At the end of the Song Dynasty, when the Yuan army captured Changsha Yuelu Academy, hundreds of scholars were all killed in battle. But more than 300 years later, when the Manchurians attacked, when Emperor Chongzhen hanged the coal mountain, there was only one eunuch by his side, not to mention a loyal minister like Lu Xiufu!