"Later, China invented ink, which began to be ink pills and toner. Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ｂｉｑUｇE。 After info, coal and glue are mixed into it to make a relatively strong ink block. Japan's Shosoin Temple still preserves Tang ink and Silla ink. The ink-making method of the Nara period in Japan was introduced from Korea. During the Heian period of Japan, Hongshu Fujishiro and Omi Musamo were the most popular. ”

"Since the Edo period, Nara's technology has developed considerably. The ink is divided into pine smoke ink and oil smoke ink, and it is best to use pure oil smoke ink for calligraphy. The green ink is pine smoke ink. In addition, there are also vermilion ink and tea ink. China's ancient ink is very famous. ”

"Cheng Junfang in the Ming Dynasty and Qianlong Imperial Ink in the Qing Dynasty are all treasures among the treasures. The heavier the ink, the better. The raw ink that has just been made has little value, and it is generally a good calligraphy product with 30-80 years of ink. Chinese ink pays attention to the use of thin glue, the adhesion of the ink is poor, and it is very round to use. Japanese ink, on the other hand, pays attention to the use of less thick glue, and the adhesion of the ink is stronger, and it is very fast to use. ”

Liu Huasheng took out his collection of ink and asked Wu Tianyuan to compare, and it was really a little different.

"Until the Heian period, the Japanese still used pottery inkstones, which were made of wind characters and rounded inkstones. At the end of the Heian period, Chinese inkstones were imported to Japan, and at the same time, Japanese inkstones began to be produced in Japan. At that time, most of the inkstone materials were selected from Horai stone from Aichi Prefecture, Amada stone from Yamanashi Prefecture, Gensho stone from Miyagi Prefecture, Akama stone from Yamaguchi Prefecture, and Narutaki stone from Kyoto. In addition to stone inkstones, the Japanese also use clay, pottery, tiles, and other materials to make inkstones. The inkstone is divided into round-faced inkstone, square inkstone, and wind inkstone. ”

"In 610 A.D., Goryeo introduced papermaking to Japan, and after Japanese papermakers studied and refined it, they finally created a tough and elegant washi paper. From the Nara period to the Heian period, the Japanese mainly used hemp paper. During the Heian period, with the development of various folk crafts, the production of paper industry was also promoted. ”

"At that time, the main raw material for papermaking was oriwa goose skin, and the famous Washi production areas were Mino, Ise, and Mikawa. Kyoto also has a government papermaking yard called "Paper House". With the development of the paper industry, the variety of Japanese paper is increasing. At that time, Japan was already able to produce patterned colored paper and lead-colored paper for writing scriptures, and the effect of writing scriptures on gold clay and silver clay was excellent. In the Edo period, the culture of the townspeople arose, and the demand for paper increased dramatically. Echizen, Tosa, Izumo, and Hakucho are all famous paper producing areas in Japan, and there are 50 types of paper. ”

"Today, there are still two types of paper production in Japan: handmade paper and mechanical paper. Handmade paper is made from the bark of goose skin, fold and three-bark. Handmade Japanese washi paper includes hanshi, Mino paper, bongsho paper, toriko, etc. Machine-made paper is made from wood and manila hemp pulp, and there are strong spring loan paper, pulp half paper, etc. Japanese calligraphy paper is generally half paper and painting fairy paper. Goose paper, birds, flax paper, and hemp paper belong to high-grade writing paper, which is regarded as a treasure and should not be used lightly. ”

"I see, it seems that this is really funny!"

Wu Tianyuan simply listened to Liu Huasheng's introduction, very interested, Tianyuan Hall now has porcelain, printing stones, furniture, agarwood, purple clay pots, I am really worried about what other projects can be done, isn't this ready-made?

"You've started to work on seals and seals, and the inscription is a form of signifying the end of calligraphy. There is no uniform provision for the payment, which can not only write the name, character, and nickname, but also write the year, the branch, the place, and the name of the donor. ”

"The Japanese are more particular about using the "number" to settle the money, and some people are only used to printing the money. There are various materials for seals, including stone, wood, ivory, horn, crystal, pottery, metal, and so on. In ancient times, the Japanese had almost no habit of paying for calligraphy and paintings. It was only in the Kamakura period that the Japanese accepted the influence of Zen culture in the Song Dynasty in China, and they had the habit of writing and writing money. ”

"If it is a self-composed poem, only the name or number is written. If you are copying someone else's work, you should indicate the source. Ordinary occasions to use three seals, that is, the seal of the seal, a slender seal, the name seal, the number of the seal, the text is mainly seal. However, many Japanese people tend to put more effort into improving the overall beauty of the paper, but they don't stick to specific forms of calligraphy. ”

"In other words, the four treasures of a good study are also treasures in Japan?"

Liu Huasheng said with a smile: "That's natural, the Japanese have three avenues, the tea ceremony is the first, the calligraphy is the second, and the incense path is the third." Although calligraphy is not a compulsory course, people with identity are learning a little, as long as it is some brush words, where is the lack of pen, ink, paper and inkstone? ”

"Okay, this time I'll go back and start monopolizing the four treasures of the study!"

Wu Tianyuan laughed, there is a new project, this also has a ready-made way, Dai Yuexuan of Liuli Factory, Lao Dai is a big expert, the family has been doing the four treasures of the study for decades, it's right to find him!

Wu Tianyuan returned to the capital the next day, and Liu Meizi's side was also up-and-coming, and the rest was to continue to improve the level. Waiting for Hainan agarwood to have the first batch of products, officially enter the Japanese incense market.

"You finally remembered me?"

Lao Dai looked at Wu Tianyuan with some resentment, and said angrily: "I have long heard that your Tianyuan Hall is recruiting troops and horses everywhere, and it is porcelain, seal stones, furniture, and later even purple clay pots?" I wonder when will it be our turn to study the four treasures? ”

"Isn't this coming for you?"

Wu Tianyuan smiled: "Things always have to be done one by one, right?" Since you have been prepared, let's talk about it? ”

"Okay, if you want to do it, let's do it!"

Lao Dai had been holding his breath for a long time, seeing that Tianyuantang was vigorously revitalizing the national brand, and it was finally time to put pen and ink and paper inkstone for a long time, right?

"Let's talk about the pen first! The first choice is Huzhou pen! ”

Lao Dai said excitedly: "Pay attention to" sharp round and healthy ", the so-called tip is when the pen is aggregated, the tip of the pen should be able to close the tip. Qi: Pinch the tip of the pen with water, and the hair at the end of the pen is neat and tidy. Round: Around the belly of the pen, the pen is full and round, conical, not flat or thin. Jian: The bristles are elastic, and the bristles are easy to retract after being spread out, and the pen strength should be strong. ”

He took out a lot of pens and demonstrated to Wu Tianyuan: "Generally, the brushes on the market, pens above 20 yuan can be used. If the pen of pure sheep hair and pure wolf hair is true, it is too expensive, no less than 200 yuan a pen. They belong to the right part of the hair and are expensive. Today's brushes are 90% both, mainly artificial hair, hemp and bristles. Artificial hair is very good, cheap but healthy, but if you use artificial hair alone, you can't make a brush that can write, so be sure to add animal hair. ”

"Look at this pen, the barrel should not be thick or thin, 0.7-1cm is the most suitable. Don't pick a pen that looks good, it looks very heavy when you pick it up, and it seems to be a very expensive pen. Writing is done with hair rather than a pen barrel, and the pen barrel that looks expensive is often made by very bad pen work, because there is no good hair and no good craftsmanship, so you can only work the pen barrel. ”

"Hard, soft, and three different performance of the pen use is also different, most of the calligraphers before the Song Dynasty wrote with a hard pen, to the Ming and Qing dynasties calligraphers wrote more and more words, the pen also has a hard pen to turn into a sheep's pen. Because the sheep is longer, it is suitable for making large pens and writing large characters. ”

"Generally speaking, writing line writing and cursive writing is generally more crisp with a hard pen, which is easy to sway and easy to fall up. Write regular script, official script, seal script with a soft pen, easy to moisturize and full. Of course, this is not absolute, you can use a hard pen to write the seal script, the official book, you can also use the sheep pen to write the grass. ”

"Mr. Lin Sanzhi, the contemporary grass saint, writes cursive with a long edge sheep's pen, which can not only write strong and upright, but also flexible and implicit. Due to the long edge of the pen and the large amount of ink, it can write several words once dipped in ink, which is easy to express the continuous momentum between words and the change of ink color. ”

However, the sheep's hair pen is soft, especially the long-edged sheep's hair pen, after the pen is pressed, it will lie down and spread out and cannot be bounced, and it is difficult to master. At this time, it all depends on the writer to move the pen to adjust the pen edge, and the hard pen is better to make, because of its elastic strength, when the pen is pressed down and then lifted, the pen can return to the original condensed state, so it is easy to fall up, quite handy. (To be continued.) )