"Another feature of Ming-style furniture is that it is made of good material. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 It is mostly made of precious woods such as rosewood, rosewood, iron pear, wenge, base wood, and nanmu. These woods have high hardness and stable wood properties, which can process smaller components and make precise tenon rivets, and the finished products are extremely solid and firm. ”

"The craftsmen of the Ming Dynasty also paid great attention to the color effect of the furniture, and used the parts with good materials and beautiful colors on the surface or the front as much as possible. Don't take it lightly without much thought. Therefore, the beautiful shape and the unique natural grain and color of the wood itself add infinite artistic charm to the Ming-style furniture. ”

Wu Tianyuan thought this deeply, he once saw a pair of big top cabinets collected by a big player on TV, a pair of big top cabinets, two meters and five meters high, all of which were single-board. There are twelve kinds of animal grimaces on the front panel, monkey face, fox face, cat face and so on. Although some are far-fetched, they also illustrate its unique beauty.

"Ming-style furniture is divided into two artistic styles, concise shape and nonghua shape, and concise shape accounts for a large proportion. Whatever the form, it should be decorated with appropriate carvings. Concise furniture is mainly based on line feet, such as the legs are designed into arcs, commonly known as "drum legs and teeth", "three bay legs", "crane legs", "ant legs" and so on, all kinds of shapes, some like a square bottle, some like a flower honor, some like a flower drum, some like an official hat. ”

Old man Ouyang took this good opportunity to have a lot of factory furniture, all kinds of things. He made up for Wu Tianyuan's lessons, this kid has a very high level of understanding, and he can draw inferences from one case after watching it.

"If you look carefully, the edges and corners or surfaces of each component are often decorated with various lines, such as the leg surface with a slight arc called "plain mixed surface"; The line on one side of the leg is called "mixed unilateral line". The line starts from both sides and the arc in the middle is called "mixed surface bilateral line". The concave and arc-shaped leg surface is called "playing depression". ”

"There is also a decorative technique that imitates rattan. It is to make two or more circles on the surface of the legs. It seems to put together several round timbers, and the old city "splits the material". Usually there are more four-split materials. Because it resembles a sesame straw, it is also known as "sesame stem".

"The role of the line feet not only adds to the beauty of the body, but also the sharp edges and corners are sleek and soft, and receive a natural style."

Wu Tianyuan followed the old man Ouyang to study carefully, the opportunity is rare, after all, the old man Ouyang is old, and it is impossible to take himself to study every day. He likes this simple Ming-style furniture the most, simplicity is not simple!

"Nonghua furniture is different from concise shapes, most of them have exquisite and complicated carved patterns, or small components are gathered into a large area of mullions and fences, etc., which belong to the more decorative type. It gives people the image of luxury and richness, without the slightest sense of cumbersomeness. ”

"How much does the royal family use? Ordinary people don't need such a good job, right? Wu Tianyuan asked, this kind of furniture is more expensive than materials.

"That is, all the best works of art in ancient times were for the royal family." Old man Ouyang nodded: "Don't talk about ancient times, it's a piece of antique furniture now, the cost of materials is half, and the salary accounts for the other half!" There are fewer and fewer good craftsmen, and the craft is becoming more and more expensive. ”

"There is also a method of identification, Ming-style furniture often uses metal as auxiliary components to enhance the use of functions. Because most of these metal ornaments have their own artistic shapes, they are also a unique decorative technique. It not only plays a further role in reinforcing the furniture, but also adds color to the furniture. ”

The characteristics of furniture in the Ming Dynasty and the former Qing Dynasty are usually said to be "exquisite, ingenious, simple and elegant". Therefore, the Ming Dynasty and the former Qing Dynasty furniture are often judged by this standard. Fine, that is, the selection of materials is excellent, and the production is exquisite. The materials used in Ming-style furniture are mostly red sandalwood, huanghuali and iron pear wood, which are hard, fine-grained and deep-colored.

In terms of technology, the mortise and tenon structure is used to connect reasonably, so that the furniture is solid and firm, and it will remain unchanged for a long time. Due to the slow growth of red sandalwood, yellow pear and iron pear wood, these materials were increasingly scarce after a large number of felling and use in the Ming Dynasty.

By the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, these timbers were very difficult to find. Therefore, after the Qing Dynasty, the furniture has undergone fundamental changes in the materials, and it is very important to identify and distinguish whether it is the furniture of the Ming Dynasty.

Qiao, that is, the production is exquisite, the design is ingenious. The modeling structure of the furniture in the Ming Dynasty attaches great importance to matching with the hall building. The overall configuration of the furniture itself is also in order, very harmonious, the user feels comfortable sitting on it, and feels comfortable lying on it, and the display in the hall has the ingenious role of decorating the environment and filling the space.

Jane, that is, concise shape and smooth lines. Although the shape of Ming-style furniture is varied and often changes, there is a basic point, that is, conciseness. Some people compare it to the painting of the Bada Shanren, which is concise, clear, and generalized. A few lines and combined shapes give people a quiet and beautiful, simple and stable, sparse and ethereal artistic effect.

Elegant, that is, fresh style, elegant and dignified. Ya is a kind of culture, that is, "bookish gas". Elegance is a state of beauty. The scribes of the Ming Dynasty advocated "elegance". Dignitaries and wealthy merchants also vassal "Ya".

Because many literati and painters living in Suzhou in the Ming Dynasty were directly involved in the design and production of gardening art and furniture, and the craftsmen also catered to the elegant tastes of the literati, the "elegant" character of Ming-style furniture was formed. The embodiment of elegance in furniture is the simplicity of the shape, the simplicity of the decoration, the freshness and naturalness of the color, and no pretentiousness.

Old man Ouyang took Wu Tianyuan to see a few representative types of Ming-style furniture, circle chairs, top cabinets, and cases. Point out some points and details of identification and appreciation, and then come to the Qing style furniture exhibition area on the other side.

"Qing style furniture and Ming style furniture in the plastic arts and style of some differences, Qing style furniture characteristics first of all in the thickness of the material, the overall size of the furniture is wider than the Ming style, the corresponding local size is also increased."

It is not like Ming-style furniture with simplicity, generosity, grace and comfort as the standard, but with heavy, prosperous, and magnificent as the standard, so it appears to be more than heavy, handsome and insufficient, giving people a dull and cumbersome feeling, and also lacking due scientificity. But on the other hand, because the Qing style furniture is magnificent, luxurious, steady, and majestic as the criterion, in order to achieve the design purpose, the use of various means, the use of a variety of materials, a variety of forms, skillfully decorated on the furniture, the effect is also very successful. ”

Anyone who has been to the Forbidden City knows that it is basically red sandalwood furniture, calm and atmospheric. The red sandalwood itself is the densest and heaviest of the mahogany, and it looks very rich. Especially purple, the royal family pays attention to the purple qi from the east, so the Qing Dynasty royal family is particularly fond of red sandalwood.

It took more than 100 years for the three generations of emperors of Kang Yongqian to replace all the furniture in the Forbidden City with red sandalwood, gathering the world's skilled craftsmen, using the best materials, and placing the most expensive books, so you can imagine how luxurious it is.

To digress a few words, since August, my original outline design was to write a little traditional culture and use strange abilities to revitalize national brands, but the already small subscriptions have dropped more than half of them all at once! There are not a few days to lose a lot of book friends, everyone likes to watch the treasure hunt plot, the level of newcomers is limited, and the rhythm and cool points are not mastered well, resulting in a weak follow-up! This book will end at the end of September, the new book is a psychological hypnosis novel, thank you for following the book friends, if this book can not satisfy you, please take a look at the next book to see if it suits your appetite, thank you for your support! (To be continued.) )