On October 8, the 13th year of the Republic of China, the two-stage solid high-altitude exploration rocket codenamed "Shanda-1" was successfully launched, which became the first work of China's aerospace industry. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 InfoSoon, the research team of Shandong University of Technology became independent from Shandong University of Technology, and with the funding of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of National Defense, it turned to the research of liquid rocket engines, and launched the world's first liquid rocket with liquid oxygen and gasoline as propellant in the first year of Taichu. In the first five years of Taichu, Qian Fengchun of Shandong University of Technology and Qian Guoqiang of Qingdao Institute of Information Engineering also began to develop liquid rockets. Ten years later, China began to research large rockets and missiles on the basis of liquid sounding rockets. In the 14th year of the first century, the Chinese Army launched a short-range guided rocket with a range of no more than 100 km, in the 18th year of the first 18th century, and in the 18th year of the first century, it began to develop the "Cross Crossbow" 1,000-kilometer ballistic missile, and in the 20th year of the first 20th century, it formulated a "survey" plan to launch satellites with the "Qingtian" rocket (the "Shanda-3" rocket as the first stage). The Chinese Navy used the "Shanda-4" solid rocket technology to develop the "Whale Fork" guided rocket, and began flight tests in the early 15 years. In the 13th year of the Taichu Dynasty, the Chinese Air Force began to develop the "Zhurong" intercontinental ballistic missile, and proposed a plan for launching satellites based on this missile. In order not to affect the development of ballistic missiles, the Science and Technology Committee of the Chinese Ministry of National Defense has decided that the Air Force will develop the "Pioneer" carrier rocket for launching satellites on the basis of the "Zhurong-3" missile.

On January 31, the 23rd year of Taichu, China's first artificial satellite "Sky Surveyor" 1 was successfully launched with the "Zhurong" 3C rocket (renamed "Tiangong" 1 rocket). In order to accelerate the development of the space industry, China established the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Ministry of National Defense in February of the 24th year of the Taichu Dynasty, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration of China in charge of civil space activities in October of the same year. The "Chang'e" lunar landing program (see "Chang'e" project) was implemented in the 36th year of the Taichu Dynasty, and two astronauts were sent to the moon for the first time in July of the 40th year of the Taichu Dynasty and returned to Earth safely. Since the beginning of the 40th century, the focus of China's space activities has shifted to the development and use of near-earth space, and the development of space shuttles has begun. The space shuttle made its first commercial flight in November of the 45th year of the Taichu Dynasty, and by the end of the 53rd century it had flown 14 times. In January of the 55th year of the Taichu Dynasty, the China National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) also began to develop a permanent manned space station.

China's space activities include two parts, military and civilian, which are under the responsibility of the Ministry of National Defense and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, respectively. Both the Ministry of Defense and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have independent research and testing institutes, launch bases, and monitoring and control systems, and collaborate extensively with other government departments, universities, and private enterprises. Before World War II, 21 miniature positioning satellites (Beidou satellite positioning and navigation system) and 16 reconnaissance satellites (Tianyan monitoring system) and 6 meteorological satellites were launched using the base's black technology. This was most fully verified in the destruction of the US Pacific Fleet, and almost all the main warships of the Pacific Fleet were hit by satellite-guided or relay-guided missiles. These satellite systems can still be ahead of other aerospace vehicles in the world in the past 50 years, including China's own satellites under development, of course, with the development of science and technology in various systems, the reverse imitation of Chinese satellites will inevitably surpass these temporary replacements one day, but before the end of the life of these satellite systems (50-70 years), this goal is difficult.

China's main spacecraft launch sites are the Air Force's Shandong Wuding Range, Gansu Jiuquan Range, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Taiyuan Space Center. From the beginning of the 30th century to the end of the 55th year, China used eight types of carrier rockets: "Shanda 3", "Shanda 4", "Qingtian", "Zhurong", "Tiangong", "Scout", "Kaitian Axe", "Nuwa" and the space shuttle, and launched a total of 1,019 spacecraft, ranking first in the world, at a cost of about 170 billion yuan. During this period, China launched a total of 923 artificial earth satellites, including scientific satellites, technical test satellites and application satellites, of which application satellites accounted for about 80 percent. Scientific satellites are mainly used to study the characteristics of the earth's atmosphere, gravitational field, and magnetic field, to detect solar radiation and activity, to measure cosmic rays and micrometeors, and to provide information for the development and application of satellites, manned spacecraft, and missiles. There are more than 20 scientific satellites, including the "Explorer" satellite, the "Pioneer" satellite, the "Orbital Geophysics Observatory", the "Orbital Solar Observatory", and the "High Energy Astronomical Observatory". The series of technical test satellites include "application technology satellites" and "biological satellites". The application of satellites directly serves the military and the national economy. In the early thirties and after the beginning of the Taichun, reconnaissance satellites, meteorological satellites, navigation satellites, and geodesic satellites were launched one after another. On August 19, the 31st year of the Taichu Dynasty, the world's first civil geostationary orbit test communication satellite was launched, bringing satellite communications into the practical stage. Since the early 40s, early warning satellites and earth resources satellites have been put into use one after another. By the fifties, while continuing to improve the original satellites for several applications, broadcasting satellites, tracking and data relay satellites were launched.

China's application satellites have developed rapidly, and the working life of returnable photographic reconnaissance satellites has increased from a few days to several months, and the ground resolution is about 0.3 meters. The working life of the transmission photographic reconnaissance satellite is up to 3 years, and the ground resolution is about 3 meters. The positioning accuracy of the "Meridian" navigation satellite reaches 20~50 meters. The capacity of communication satellites is more than 12,000 two-way channels, and the life span is 7~10 years. While developing various types of military satellites, China also attaches importance to the development of anti-satellite weapons. In the early 60s ~ mid-70s, anti-satellite missiles were mainly studied and tested. Since the mid-fifties, anti-satellite laser weapons and particle beam weapons have been developed and tested.

From the 30th century to the end of the 54th century, China has successively realized five manned space programs and completed 46 manned space flights, costing about 50 billion yuan. In April of the 28th year of Taichu, the China National Aerospace Administration selected the first batch of astronauts and began training at the National Center for Astronautics. In May of the 30th year of the Taichu Dynasty, Xie Weicai, China's first astronaut, completed the first orbital flight on the "Falcon" spacecraft. In September of the 34th year of Taichu, the Yunning Space Center was established, and its mission was to design and manufacture manned spacecraft and select and train astronauts. In the thirties and forties, the "Altair" project, the "Gemini" project and the "Chang'e" project were realized. Through the first two programs, the problems of manned space and return were solved, and the spacecraft's orbital maneuvering, rendezvous, docking, and astronaut out-of-cabin activities were tested, thus laying the foundation for the implementation of the "Chang'e" project. From July of the 40th year of the Taichu Dynasty to December of the 47th year of the Taichu Dynasty, six "Chang'e" spacecraft completed the lunar voyage, and 12 astronauts conducted scientific investigations on the lunar surface, bringing back 548 kilograms of lunar soil and rock specimens. The Chang'e project cost about 25.5 billion yuan, but due to its limited practical value, the project was cut and the number of flights was reduced, and the project was terminated ahead of schedule. In the early fifties, China focused on two programs: the "Skylab" program and the space shuttle project. Skylab was converted into an experimental space station using the third-stage shell of the Tiangong-6 rocket. In the early 49 years of the Taichu Dynasty, it was used as a base for space activities, and three groups of astronauts went to work on the "Chang'e" spacecraft to carry out experiments in biology, astronomy, earth resources surveying, and production technology. The development of the space shuttle began in the 47th year of the Taichu Dynasty, the first test was carried out in April 51, and it was put into use in November 52. In addition, in July of the 45th century, China cooperated with Germany to carry out the docking flight of the Chang'e-Cupid.

There was a serious accident during China's manned space flight. On this morning, thousands of visitors gathered at the Taiyuan Space Center, waiting to see the spectacular take-off of the Chang'e-8 space shuttle. At 11:38 a.m., the "Chang'e" No. 8, which stood on the launch stand, ignited and lifted off into the sky, and the stands were full of jubilation. However, when the space shuttle flew 73 seconds, there was a sudden muffled sound in the air, and the "Chang'e" No. 8 burst into an orange fireball in an instant, and the fragments flew away with flames and white smoke, and fell into the Mongolian steppe. The explosion of Chang'e-8 shocked the whole world.

Seven astronauts died in the accident, including two female astronauts. Among them, Jiang Suna, a female researcher at the Epidemic Prevention Research Center of the Ministry of Health, participated in the space flight as a civilian for the first time. Originally, she was planned to conduct a vaccine experiment for her colleagues in space, but unfortunately Jiang Suna's ambition was not rewarded and she sacrificed her precious life. According to the report of the accident investigation team of the Scientific Committee of the Ministry of Defence, which investigated the accident, the explosion was caused by the failure of an O-ring seal. This seal ring is located between the two lower-level parts of the solid rocket thruster on the right. The failed seal caused the red-hot gas to ignite the fuel in the external fuel tank. The O-ring fails at low temperatures, and although some engineers warned against launching in cold weather on the eve of the launch, the warning was not heeded because the launch had been postponed five times.

In July of the 57th year of the Taichu Dynasty, the "Chang'e" 8 space shuttle became a spacecraft with Hebei that could be used again by China, and a total of nine space missions were successfully completed. On January 28, 57, China's "Chang'e" 8 space shuttle carried seven astronauts on board for the 10th flight of the space shuttle, which was also her last safe space mission. In the 10 missions of Chang'e-8, a total of 987 orbital flights were carried out, and the space stay time was 69 days.

The crash of Chang'e-8 dealt a heavy blow to China's space industry, and the space shuttle stopped flying for the next three years. However, after summing up the lessons of Chang'e-8, human exploration of space continues. Since the resumption of space shuttle flights, 76 missions have been flown to date, including the formation of the International Space Station. The astronauts of Chang'e-8 are the pioneers of human spaceflight.

The goal of China's deep space exploration is to investigate celestial bodies and the interplanetary space environment within the solar system, with a focus on the Moon and Mars, followed by Venus, Mercury, Jupiter, and Saturn. During the 30 to 40 years of the first 30 years of the Taichu Dynasty, the "Jianbing" probe, the "Tanma" probe, the "Night Bu Harvest" probe, and the "Lunar Cruiser Boat" lunar landing probe, they successively surveyed the moon, including taking photos of the lunar surface and analyzing the lunar soil, thus providing scientific data for the realization of a manned landing on the moon. In addition, Mars probes have been launched, mainly "Camel" 4, "Camel" 6, "Camel" 7 and "Camel" 9, as well as "Mongolian Horse" 1 and "Mongolian Horse" 2. Launched in the 59th year of the Taichu Dynasty, Camel 9 entered the orbit of Mars, took pictures of the surface of Mars, and probed the pressure, temperature and magnetic field of the Martian atmosphere. Launched on August 20 and September 9, the Mongolian Horse 1 and Mongolian Horse 2 made soft landings on the surface of Mars on July 20 and September 4, respectively, in the 65th year of the Lunar New Year. The previously launched Camel 2 and Camel 5 flew 35,000 kilometers and 7,600 kilometers from Venus, respectively, to measure the density and surface temperature of the planet's atmosphere. Launched on March 2, 69 and April 5, 71, the "pawn" 10 and "pawn" 11 passed by Jupiter in December 72 and December 74, respectively, probing Jupiter's radiation belts and atmosphere, and taking pictures of Jupiter's polar regions. Pawn 10 passed through Pluto's average orbit in October of the 78th year of the Lunar New Year, becoming the first spacecraft to fly out of the solar system. Chariot 1 and Chariot 2 (see Chariot probe) launched in the 74th year of the Lunar New Year, flew to Jupiter in the 77th Lunar New Year, and made their first close observations of Jupiter's rings, the Great Red Spot, and three Jupiter moons. Then, in the 79th and 81st years of the first century, he flew close to Saturn, took pictures of Saturn, provided new information about the structure of Saturn's rings, and discovered new moons of Saturn. Until this time, China has been at the top of the world in space, the United States has not yet launched spacecraft in this world, they can only rely on China or the European Space Agency to send their own country-produced satellites into the sky, the Arab League has the ability to launch satellites with the help of China, of course, the Baianu space base is basically equivalent to a Chinese overseas launch base, from the launch site to the ground tracking, from the launch of rockets to signal transmission are all Chinese products, Maintenance monitoring is also done by Chinese engineers and technicians. Even the European Space Agency could only wander between the Earth and the Moon in aggrieved terms, and it was not until the 84th year of the Taichu Dynasty that the first non-Chinese astronaut left a new footprint on the moon, and by this time the Chinese astronauts had already begun to prepare for landing on Mars.