Section 597 Post-War Glimpse of People's Livelihood
Before World War II, China was considered a moderately developed country, but the common people were becoming more and more prosperous, at least starving, and the situation was gone, but the living standards of ordinary people everywhere were only slightly better than in the republican period. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. biquge。 However, as World War II progressed, Chinese companies made a lot of money, and fiscal dividends accumulated more and more, and during the Zhou Zhongfu administration, the government began to implement a series of measures to benefit the people.
The first is that peasants no longer need to pay agricultural taxes, no longer have to pay requisition and purchase of grain, and no longer have to pay for township overall planning and village retention. Not only did the state no longer ask the peasants for it, but in turn they gave them subsidies for farming. In the past, the peasants could not dispose of the surplus grain after paying the land rent and public grain and requisitioning the grain, and had to sell it to the local grain merchants in a unified manner, and the price was very low, and the peasants could not sell it. Now, the peasants' products can be handled by themselves, and the price is naturally determined by the market. In the past, the peasants had to listen to the unified arrangements of the local grain merchants and gentry when they planted the land, when they planted, and what they planted, but now the peasants have the autonomy to plant whatever they want, and they can plant whatever they want, and they can plant whatever the benefits are good. The thousand-year-old imperial grain tax no longer has to be paid, and the grain industry has become the first national economic industry to be permanently exempt from taxes.
The second is that in the past, ordinary people solved the problem of pension by themselves, and never thought about or dared to think about any pension. However, now people over 60 years old have a monthly pension of 70 yuan per person, although it is not much, but after all, it can ensure the basic survival requirements, and with the country's economic development, it will also increase in the same proportion, and the pension cannot be lost to the price rise index. This has also become a solemn promise of the government to the people of the whole country.
The third is the establishment of the urban demolition supervision center, urban demolition and relocation so that many ordinary people who may not be able to afford to buy a house in their lifetime live in bright buildings with gas and heating, but many small and medium-sized developers are unwilling to bear the cost of relocation and choose low-cost acquisition or even fraud. Through the urban demolition supervision center, the opportunity for the people to choose to move back or enjoy the real estate gain is guaranteed, and any ordinary person as the owner of the property can choose to move back to enjoy 1.5 times the housing compensation or convert it into real estate investment.
For families with housing difficulties in the city, the government has also launched low-rent housing and affordable housing, fulfilling their housing dreams, which is also the social responsibility that real estate enterprises must fulfill. The vast majority of middle-income families have improved their living conditions, and suites or even townhouses that they have never heard of in the past are now very common. The living area of Chinese people has reached the forefront of the world, even higher than that of Canada, which is vast and sparsely populated.
Fourth, the traffic problem in the city no longer bothers people, there are more and more buses, and the price is very low, because there is a state subsidy. Taxis are everywhere, private cars are entering ordinary people's homes in large numbers, and bicycles are becoming fewer and fewer, many of which are no longer needed for travel, but tools for fitness.
Fifth, all kinds of household appliances are becoming more and more complete, computers have become daily necessities, and have entered the digital age. Telephones are no longer unique to units, they are available in every house. Moreover, mobile phones have become a piece for everyone, and communication has become extremely convenient. After writing a letter, it takes ten and a half days to reach the other party, and making a long-distance call to the telecommunications bureau is a matter of hours.
Sixth, highways and high-speed railways are increasing day by day, travel has become simple and fast, and many people have also taken planes and soft sleepers, and they do not need to go to the box or ask someone to buy it as a wealthy person. Tourism becomes part of family life. There is no need to open any more offices when going out to run errands and visiting relatives, and an ID card travels all over the country.
Seventh, the cultural life is enriched, and it is no longer just a matter of watching movies or big dramas in the square. Television, movies, and radio have added a lot of fun to people's lives, and the Internet has begun to enter thousands of households. In the 15th year of the beginning of the Taichu Dynasty, the first program of the China Radio and Television Station, "News Vertical," became the world's first set of commercial television programs, and by the beginning of the 45th century, China's radio and television programs had reached more than 400 channels.
Eighth, the people's living standards have improved significantly, their clothes are colorful, and their dresses are also varied, and they are no longer "black, blue, and gray", and rural women have also begun to perm their hair, which is no longer the patent of women in big cities. Cosmetics have become people's fashion, people dare to be beautiful, can be beautiful, have money and beauty, and no longer have to worry about being accused of being in the limelight, and no longer have to worry about increasing the financial burden on their families.
Ninth, the improvement of the legal system. In the republican era before the first year of Taichu, China had only a few laws, such as the Constitution, Criminal Law, Civil Law, Marriage Law, and Economic Law. In the early 40 years of the Taiqing Dynasty, in addition to the Constitution, China had a total of 1,109 basic laws, covering all aspects of social life, and they were still being improved, and these laws greatly protected the personal and property rights of citizens and enabled the people to live in a safe social environment.
Tenth, this is the most important one: you can eat a full stomach, and you need to lose weight. The food distribution system was abolished, and the urban food supply ticket became a collector's item, which could not have been dreamed of in the "I Qing Dynasty" or the republican era.
Judging from the lives of the common people, the combination of high wages and low prices in China and low wages and high prices in the United States makes the gap between the real incomes of China and the United States much higher than the gap between monetary incomes
One of the great miracles caused by China's reform and opening up is the formation of a new economic phenomenon in which the country has high wages and low prices, while European and American societies have low wages and high prices. In real life, Chinese workers are still able to support a family of four or five on their own, while many European and American workers work day and night together, making it difficult to feed two or three children, and often need government help.
Why is the gap between the monetary wages of Chinese and American workers in the same developed countries narrowing, while the ability of European and American workers to provide for their families is declining? It has even dropped to the point that it is difficult for both husband and wife to work and support a child, which is a rare phenomenon not only in Europe and the United States, but also in the history of world industrial development.
Both low prices in China and high prices in Europe and the United States are the result of the new economic order led by China. This is the fundamental reason why the Chinese government is more concerned about the economic development of Europe and the United States than Europe and the United States.
First of all, in terms of low prices in China. Most of the financial subsidies in Europe and the United States are issued on a commodity-by-commodity basis through export tax rebates; The second is to issue losses to enterprises through loss subsidies.
Second, as far as high prices in Europe and the United States are concerned, they are the result of high taxes and inflation in Europe and the United States. China's tax revenue accounts for 54% of the price of consumer goods, while the proportion of goods themselves is only 46%, and Chinese people buy 54 yuan of taxes for every 100 yuan of goods, nearly 1.2 times more than the goods themselves. Such an astonishingly high tax rate added to the price of goods will naturally cause prices to rise.
For example, in the United States, if the disaster ends here, it will be enough, but for the American people, the disaster is far from over, and the American people will also have to bear the huge inflation losses caused by the export of goods. The United States exports 1 yuan of goods, the domestic exchange rate ratio of about 1 to 2.5 to issue an additional 2.5 US dollars to balance, the current foreign exchange reserves of about 2.35 trillion yuan, the domestic issuance of more than 5.8 trillion US dollars, equivalent to the first 30 years of 1.2 trillion market currency circulation (M0) nearly five times, these by the export of foreign exchange settlement put in a huge amount of currency, all in the way of inflation to the people, resulting in a substantial depreciation of the currency in the hands of the people, prices will naturally rise sharply.
Here we see an absurd phenomenon that makes the American people want to cry without tears: the more goods the United States exports and the more foreign exchange it earns, the more unlucky the people become. If China does not export goods, but uses them for the lives of its own people, it can not only improve the people's living standards, but also do not incur foreign financial subsidies; Or to take a step back, if the United States gives its exports to China in vain and does not collect Chinese dollars, there will be no additional US dollars issued at home, the currency will not depreciate, and the losses of the American people will be smaller. But now, the goods produced are exported abroad, and the Chinese yuan in exchange for the exported goods is also lent abroad, and the additional dollars issued by this are left in the domestic market, turning them into "pure waste paper" without any commodity as a basis. Since these additional "pure waste paper" are in circulation like the existing currency, it will inevitably lead to a sharp depreciation of the existing currency and a sharp rise in prices. As a result, the American people have not only lost part of their wealth in exports, but also their monetary wealth in their hands.
On the other hand, the situation in China is just the opposite of that of the United States, where the currency in the Chinese market flows to the United States, and American goods flow into the Chinese market. In addition, the Chinese yuan that flowed to the United States flowed back to the Chinese Ministry of Finance through the purchase of Chinese government bonds by the United States (the regulations on World War II war debts and the requirements of Wang Baohe's system), the Chinese Ministry of Finance can use the money from the United States to increase the supply of public goods, which can further reduce prices and increase the purchasing power of the Chinese people's currency.
If we look at this issue from the standpoint of the Chinese and American people -- not from the standpoint of the country -- it will be clearer that the goods produced by the American people were bought by the Chinese people with the Chinese yuan, and the Chinese yuan was taken away by the US government; The Chinese people got the goods, the U.S. government got the Chinese yuan, and the only thing the American people got was the depreciation of the existing currency in their hands.
As a result, China issued Chinese yuan banknotes to Europe and the United States, and European and American countries printed their own banknotes to the common people; China used these banknotes to exchange all kinds of goods needed by the Chinese people, while Europe and the United States, on the contrary, used these banknotes to exchange the various commodities produced from the hands of the European and American people. The most critical link in the formation of this Rubik's Cube of Wealth is the separation between the increase in currency issuance and the increase in commodities: the newly increased commodities flow to China and the Chinese Community and other Eastern countries, while the newly issued currencies remain in the European and American markets, constantly diluting the purchasing power of the currency in the hands of the people.
This is the secret of China's high wages and low prices, while many countries in Europe and the United States have low wages and high prices, that is, China prints money but does not inflation, while Europe and the United States spend a lot of effort to make products in exchange for inflation. China holds the dominance of the currency, allowing the rest of the world to operate around the development of China's economy, as long as the economies operating in the new economic order without exception have become "slaves of the middle yuan".