Section 502 The Silent Western Front

Throughout the Battle of Poland, the 83 divisions of the French Army on the Western Front faced 23 German divisions, of which only 11 divisions of the German army were active troops, and the rest were reserve forces. But Gammelin only made a gesture of aid to Poland on the Western Front in order to prevaricate world opinion. On the night of 7-8 September, he launched a so-called "Saar offensive". The Germans quickly retreated to the "Siegfried Line" behind the border, according to the predetermined plan. On 12 September, the French advanced about 5 miles on a 15-mile front, capturing about 20 deserted villages. After that, Gammelin ordered them to stop their advance and instructed the front-line troops to immediately retreat to the Maginot Line in the event of a German counteroffensive. When the Polish Commander-in-Chief and the General Staff Headquarters called for urgent support, Ganmarin also deceived and said that more than half of the French army had already been put into battle. In fact, the French used only 15 divisions in the Saar offensive. Many things on paper seem to make people feel very down-to-earth and practical, but when they are actually put into practice, they become nothing. The Poles believed the empty promises of Britain and France and did not consider an alliance with Red Russia. Due to the strong interference of the light enemy, it could not manage to stabilize the Red Russia behind it (of course, the polar bear's appetite was amazing, and Poland could not fight the tiger), pushed it to the side of the Germans, and led to the dilemma of fighting Germany alone at the beginning of the war. This misstep proved to have led to the rapid disintegration of the military aircraft. From a purely military point of view, the rapid collapse of Poland was again associated with the backwardness of military concepts and the failure of strategic approach. In terms of military concepts, they knew almost nothing about mechanized warfare and the reform and methods of fighting in Germany's rapidly developing mechanized army. Guderian, commander of the 19th Panzer Corps of the German army, wrote in his memoirs: "The Polish cavalry, because they did not understand the performance of our tanks, actually charged the chariots with their spears and swords, and suffered great losses as a result. (In fact, I can't afford to provoke and hide, so I have to jump over the wall in a hurry) "The confrontation between spears and sabers and armored tanks is the bitter fruit of ignorance and recklessness, and it is not surprising to use this medieval way of warfare against modern tanks, if it happens to primitive tribes, but it happens to Poles living in modern society, it is really a sad phenomenon, a tragedy created by ignorant directors. Because the Polish high command lacked a clear understanding of the disparity in strength between the enemy and us, it directly led to the mistake of commanding the battle, and they deployed the main forces close to the long border. As mentioned earlier, in terms of strategic situation, the German army had surrounded the western part of Poland on three sides, and the western part of Poland at this time was like a piece of meat hanging in the open mouth of Germany, but the Polish army command was still sleepwalking and sending the main force inside, with the result that Germany could easily divide and encircle, gather and annihilate it.

As a matter of fact, the Chinese Defense Forces can clearly see from the post-war analysis that the Polish army should consider abandoning some valuable areas in the west, such as the Silesian industrial region, and focus on fortifying on the right line of the Nalev River and Vestola River basins for a step-by-step defense, so as to delay time and wait for Britain and France to launch an offensive on the western front. After all, it is always good for Poland to delay time. But the Polish commander always fantasized that he could hold on to a qiē, but instead lost a qiē and was defeated. This is another verification of military experience: if a weaker side tries to hold a qiē area, it is bound to be defeated. At the same time, in the deployment of the Polish army, we also saw an incredible scene, they put the main force forward, it is obvious that they also plan that once Britain and France succeed in fighting on the western front, and the main force of the German army moves westward, they will immediately turn to the offensive, and the main force in the Poznan area will take the shortest distance and take Berlin directly. However, the outcome illustrates that this attempt was completely out of touch with reality, and by the time they came to their senses, it was impossible to retreat eastward quickly, the Luftwaffe had paralyzed Poland's less developed lines of communication, and the speed of the foot army could not keep up with the speed of German mechanization. Even if the Polish army were to focus on strategic defense, abandon the western region, and fortify at many points on the Narev River and the Vestola River, the significance of this would only be an effort to gain time, depending on the outcome of the British and French operations on the Western Front. How long can Poland hold out? In the meantime, will the former Red Russia be flanked by Germany? It's still an undecided number, and no one can predict it. How dangerous it is for a country to depend on its destiny on a great power! Therefore, the strategic wisdom of Poland to fight for Danzig, at the cost of losing its country, became questionable. This is also the revelation that history has left for future generations.

It should be said that the German attack on Poland was a military operation under the threat of combat on two fronts. At that time, there were more than 40 Polish divisions in the east of the German army, equipped with 870 tanks, 4,300 artillery pieces, and more than 1,000 aircraft; To the west are 110 divisions of the Anglo-French army, equipped with more than 3,000 tanks, more than 26,000 artillery pieces, and more than 3,000 aircraft. At this time, the German army had a total strength of 106 divisions, equipped with 3,195 tanks (excluding 300 Hound tanks supported by China), more than 10,000 artillery pieces, and 2,500 aircraft. In contrast, the Germans were at a serious disadvantage and did not have the ability to fight on two fronts at the same time. Therefore, how to reduce the burden of two-front operations is the key to ensuring its undefeated.

In order to concentrate the main forces to defeat Poland as much as possible, the Germans made an effort to do so by stationing 33 divisions on the Siegfried Line on the German-French border, supported by about 500 aircraft of the 2nd and 3rd Air Forces. At the same time, Sitara strictly ordered the Luftwaffe on the Western Front not to cross the border to attack until the British and French air forces had launched a large-scale attack, and could only defend themselves on the German mainland.

Judging from the deployment of the German army, the strength of 33 divisions left on the Western Front was far from enough. Moreover, there are no armored and motorized units among these 33 divisions, and only 11 are active divisions. The Siegfried Line, though supportable, was not very strong, far inferior to the Maginot Line in France. Moreover, the defense line lacked sufficient depth to pose a great obstacle to the powerful Anglo-French forces. 500 planes could be a reinforcement for the defenders, but it felt a little shabby compared to the thousands of planes of the Anglo-French army. So in fact, the German attack on Poland was very adventurous, because the threat on both fronts was not lifted. However, judging from the analysis of the General Staff Headquarters of the Chinese National Defense Forces, it is extremely likely that France will cope with official affairs, and it is estimated that it will not really go all out to launch a strategic attack on Germany.

The 33 German divisions on the Western Front faced the 86 divisions of the French garrison on the Maginot Line, and the difference in strength between the two was huge. What's more, the French Air Force can dispatch a large-scale bombardment of the German fire base - the Ruhr area, and if it really happens, it will seriously affect the German army's combat plan. Moreover, for the French army, this should be the best way to preserve their own strength and fight Germany. Many of the German generals were also most worried about this in September. Although France did not send its air force to carry out air strikes against Germany because it feared that the air raids would provoke German retaliation, Germany itself had a big problem in organizing the defense of the Western Front with the negative idea of pinning its hopes on Germany not moving. On this issue, France was timid and lacked vision in not bombing Germany, and it was a fluke for Germany not to be attacked from behind.

Another reason why Germany did not need to worry about a large-scale Anglo-French attack in the war against Poland was the covert help of Red Russia. On September 2, the day after the outbreak of the German-Polish War, the Red Russia announced a partial mobilization. And two days after Britain and France declared war on Germany, on September 5, Voroshilov ordered Kiev and the Belarusian Special Military District to be put into combat readiness. At this time, it was very clear that Poland was already in the war with Germany, and Britain and France were already involved; Neither Britain, France, Poland, nor any other country would threaten Red Russia. At this time, Red Russia was a neutral country, and it did not need or be able to assist Poland, which hated itself, in attacking Germany for the sake of "world peace". Obviously, the military moves of Red Russia were aimed at the declaration of war by Britain and France on Germany. On 9 September, the French 4th Army launched a limited offensive in the Saarbrücken area. The next day, the troops of the Western Military District of Red Russia again entered a state of combat readiness, which further proved this intention. On September 17, "the Red Russian Red Army began its JF march into Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in order to bring under its own protection the lives and property of Ukrainians and Belarusians who aspire to return to the Soviet Republic and to stop the further expansion of the Sitara aggression." The purpose of this action to assist Germany is obvious, and of course it is necessary for its own national interests.

Combined with the secret agreement between Germany and Russia, there is no doubt that the real purpose of the Red Russia two times to put the army into combat readiness was to help Germany contain and eliminate Poland, and to deter Britain and France, and to reduce the threat on the Western Front for Germany, so that Germany would not have to worry about Poland in case of a large-scale attack by Britain and France, and would go all out to deal with Britain and France. In this way, Red Russia was not only able to obtain its own sphere of influence as set out in the agreement, but also to take advantage of the great war between Britain and France and Germany to expand everywhere and eventually reap the benefits.

It might not be fair to say that the British and French did nothing at all, at least the British leaflet offensive caused no less trouble to Sitara. The British leaflet goes straight to the heart of German self-confidence. From the autumn of the sixteenth year of the first century, a large number of leaflets were thrown over Germany, which read: "Victory on the Eastern Front in 1917 - Return to the difficult homeland in 1918 - Victory on the Eastern Front again in 1939 - What about 1940?" ”

Nothing could more accurately convey the fears of the majority of Germans than this phrase. Because, despite the surprisingly quick victory in the battle against their eastern neighbor - most German adults still remember the shape of 22 years ago.

At that time, Tsarist Russia, the enemy of the East, was defeated, and the Germans occupied a vast area from Central and Eastern Europe up to the Caucasus. But only a year later, the German Empire had to surrender to its enemies in the west, and the Kaiser abdicated. The British did not authentically expose the scars in the hearts of the Germans, and Sitara had no choice but to end the battle in Poland and then turn around to make the people at home feel at ease.

Fortunately, China sold a large number of L22-155mm howitzers to the Germans, and the addition of these advanced howitzers increased the firepower of the Germans on the outskirts of Warsaw by a notch. As the city gradually fell into ruins, the will of the Warsaw people to resist finally began to crumble, and at noon on 27 September, the Warsaw ceasefire agreement came into effect. At this point, the battle for Poland was essentially over.