On February 19, the city of Nanjing, surrounded by the Wuyi New Army, was jubilant. The deputies of the first National Assembly of the Republic of China began to elect the President of the Provisional Government of the Republic of China in accordance with the procedures scheduled by the meeting. Compared with more than a month ago, the election of deputies to the nine provinces to take provisional power is no longer the same as in the situation of war. Because the Qing Dynasty had already existed in name only, and Cao Kun of Beiyang wanted to make peace with the south, and the six independent provinces did not have much hostility, so the revolutionary parties in many provinces simply turned into forces on the surface, and sent representatives to Ningning to participate in the Congress, for fear that no one would participate in the Congress and make their provinces suffer.

In the morning, 45 delegates from 17 provinces came to the meeting venue early, and two overseas Chinese representatives also came to attend the meeting as observers. Since this is also the first time in China's history that a head of state has been democratically elected, the delegates to the conference are all excited. When people from military and academic circles in Nanjing heard the news of the formal election of the provisional president, they also came to observe the election.

At this time, all the people waiting for Huang Kedi hugged him, and Qiao Fu shook hands with one by one. When he saw more than a dozen Japanese friends such as Inuyang Yi, Toyama Mitsuru, and Kayano Nagachi appearing in the welcoming crowd, Qiao Fu was so excited that he hurriedly stepped forward to shake hands, and they expressed their warm gratitude for their help in their careers, completely forgetting the five chapters of the covenant that Wu Chenxuan had promised to reiterate in yesterday's telegram.

After meeting with many welcoming people, Qiao Fu, accompanied by Huang Kedi and others, took a car with his old friend Huang Zongyang to the Hartong Garden in the French Concession on Jing'an Temple Road, where he rested and had lunch in the Aili Garden. After the meal, Wu Tingfang, the representative of the Southern Peace Talks, came to Aili Garden and invited Qiao Fu to his house at No. 100 Aiwenyi Road to discuss political affairs.

At this time, the Confucius Temple Jiangnan Gongyuan, all the people who participated in the congressional election entered the Mingyuan Building together. This Mingyuan Building is one of the buildings in the Jiangnan Gongyuan, located in the middle of the Gongyuan, and was originally used to monitor the behavior of the test takers and whether the staff in the courtyard have passed the joints. "Mingyuan" is the meaning of "chasing the distance in the end, and returning to the original with virtue". The south side of the downstairs once hung the couplet, which was written by Li Yu, a famous scholar during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, and inscribed: "If the order is strict, see the toast prostrate and low, and the group of instruments is exhausted; The same moon is bright, and the characters of the country are unobstructed. From the couplet, we can also see the purpose and role of the Mingyuan Building. The gate of the Gongyuan is hung with the banner "Mingyuan Building" three golden characters, and the outer wall is embedded with the "Jinling Gongyuan Ruins Tablet", which describes the history of the rise and fall of the Gongyuan, but at this moment it has become the temporary venue of the Congress. The long street outside the door has two squares, "Daoguan Ancient and Modern" and "Debei Tiandi", which have not been demolished. There are two pavilions of "gathering stars" and "Si Le" on the left and right sides of the square, which are full of ancient meaning.

After the meeting began, the atmosphere of the venue was solemn. Speaker Townwell first announced the candidates who had been voted on at the preliminary meeting the night before, and then divided the votes among the delegates of the 17 provinces, this time in the order of the provinces, one vote for each province. After the voting was completed, Tang Erhe counted the votes under the supervision of the election supervisor Liu Zhijie, and the result was that the candidate Huang Kedi won one vote, and Li Yuanlong had zero votes and lost the election; Jov received 16 votes, more than two-thirds of the total vote, and was elected pro tempore. After the election results were announced, the deputies from all walks of life in the military and academic circles present shouted long live the Republic of China and congratulated them in unison amid the sound of majestic music that followed. Immediately afterwards, the Council of Delegates sent a telegram to Qiao Fu in Shanghai, congratulating him on his election as provisional president of the Republic of China. It was also resolved that the provincial deputies should sign and hand over to the vice speaker of the parliament to Shanghai to welcome the provisional president to Ningbo.

When the news of Jof's election as president reached Shanghai, the revolutionary party at the meeting rejoiced, and Huang Kedi immediately took the lead in shouting long live the Republic of China. Joff was thrilled to learn that he had been elected, even though it was expected. He immediately wrote a telegram draft and sent a telegram to the Nanjing Congress: "The recovery of China is all the strength of our army and people. However, remembering that the north is not appeased, the foundation of the Republic of China is at the beginning, and Hongji is difficult, and all our people have responsibility. Regardless of the function, the husband dared not to reluctantly obey the people, when Keri went to Nanjing to take office, he was honored first. After the telegram was sent to the Nanking Congress, Jov sent a telegram to the governors of the provinces in the name of a public servant.

In order not to reverse the situation, he sent a special telegram to Cao Kun (Mr. Qiao Fu naturally forgot about the old Feng who had been ousted from power by the direct family of Beiyang), and said in a respectful tone: "The public side is in charge of rotating the world, that is, it knows that billions of trillions of dollars are in the future, and the current position cannot but be avoided; Therefore, although the text is temporarily lacking, the heart of waiting for the empty position can finally be revealed in the future. I hope to make a big plan as soon as possible to comfort the desires of 40,000,000 people. ”

After processing the telegram, Qiao Fu was about to leave for Nanjing, but Wang Zhaoming hurriedly came to dissuade him from becoming president, saying: "After Cao heard the news that Nanjing had established the government of the Republic and that he had been appointed provisional president, his intention changed greatly. If Mr. becomes president, the peace talks may be suspended, and the Cao family will also force Tang Shaoyi to resign. The north and the south have a great tendency to turn jade silk into a fight. When Jov heard this, he said solemnly: "I have telegraphed to Cao Kun that I will wait for the situation to be like this." Now that I have been elected interim president, I must not fail the wishes of the deputies and the people of the 17 provinces. As long as the Cao clan is interested in republicanism, I will automatically abdicate to him at that time. Wang Zhaoming saw that Qiaofu's intention to take office had been decided, and he retreated.

After the news of Jove's election as provisional president broke, the Chinese people in Lianghu, Liangguang and overseas China welcomed and supported him very much, and they admired Jof's indomitable revolutionary spirit for decades, his humble attitude in serving the people, and his spirit of equality. Shanghai's Minli Bao and other newspapers and periodicals were full of congratulatory messages from organizations from all walks of life at home and abroad and people from all over the country to Provisional President Jof. Representatives from all walks of life in Hubei and 10,000 soldiers and civilians gathered at the Governor's Mansion to celebrate on the day of Qiaofu's election, and 10,000 people held a lantern parade in Fuzhou. Especially in Nanjing, the residents of all shops along the street have prepared incense, lanterns and candles to welcome the president; The presidential palace located in the former yamen of the governor of Liangjiang has been renovated, with a colorful shed set up at the gate, and the hall is dotted with five-colored lights. It seems that the people of Nanjing once again see the hope of becoming the capital, and hope that the housing prices will not make them boring from now on, Amen.

Cao Kun imprisoned the little emperor and Longyu on Yingtai, which really coincided with Lafayette, as for Zaifeng and Tie Liangke, they were not treated so well, Zaifeng was still useful, and there was a single room that could be placed under house arrest. Tie Liang's life was bitter, and he was handed over to Zhao Bingjun, the ten tortures of the Manchu Qing Dynasty were too bloody, but he poured two pots into his nose, ate noodles and then hung upside down to play Erlong and spit out a lot of literary dramas, which made Cao Kun look refreshed, and he valued this old dog even more.

Cao Laosan wanted to force the Qing court to abdicate, but he didn't want to bear the infamy, so he secretly instigated Zhao Bingjun and others to come forward. Zhao Bingjun knew that this was a godsend opportunity to please the boss, so he worked extra hard to force the orphans and widows Empress Dowager Longyu and Pu Yi to abdicate. At the imperial meeting, Zhao Bingjun openly proposed that the two governments of the north and south abdicate at the same time, and organize a provisional government in Tianjin. The princes and ministers were silent, and the remaining Manchurian young relatives and nobles swore to oppose it to the death, Zhao Bingjun shouted: "Today's meeting, tomorrow's meeting, the discussion has not been discussed so far, so the cabinet has to take the blame and resign!" After saying that, he walked away, and the princes and nobles of Manchuria were so frightened that their faces were like earth. Afterwards, Zhao Bingjun simply had a direct showdown, threatening the Empress Dowager Longyu that if she could take the initiative to abdicate, she would guarantee preferential treatment to the royal family, otherwise the revolutionary party would urge her to die, "there will be unpredictable things." At this time, the real power of the Qing court and the army were firmly controlled by Cao Kun, and the helpless Empress Dowager Longyu had to pretend to agree.

Perhaps out of Zhao's loyalty to Cao Kun, and also because of his authority, Zhao Bingjun played a great role in persuading the Qing court to abdicate. Cao Kun privately handed over the position of the government's first chief of internal affairs to Zhao Bingjun.

At this time, the chief eunuch Xiao Dezhang (Zhang Land) played an important role. Several times were also sent, and there was news that the revolutionary party had deployed warships at Weihaiwei Military Port, and if peace negotiations failed, it would attack Tianjin and Beijing. Seeing this news, the Empress Dowager Longyu burst into tears again. Not long ago, the Empress Dowager Longyu also learned from a newspaper sent by Xiao Dezhang that when Qiao Fu returned from the United States, the US government gave him three warships, and overseas Chinese even donated money to build more than 10 warships. The officers and men on the warship were all children of overseas Chinese, trained by the Americans, and hired by the Americans to command. But the Empress Dowager Longyu didn't know that Zhao Bingjun had found someone to make up all the news, and even the newspaper was fake. The reason why Xiao Dezhang sent newspapers to the palace from time to time was because he accepted bribes from Zhao Bingjun, and intimidated and deceived the Empress Dowager Longyu in accordance with Zhao's intentions.

The Empress Dowager Longyu couldn't figure out whether the news in the newspaper was true or false, so she cried and summoned Puyi's master Guo Chunshu to ask. Who knew that Guo Chunshu had already known that the Great Qing Dynasty had been exhausted when he returned to the capital from Jinan, and he was coerced by Zhao Bingjun, so he cried bitterly, kowtowed and said that the news was true, and asked the Queen Mother to obey the will of the people and issue an edict to abdicate the throne in order to protect the royal family. The Empress Dowager Longyu then asked Xiao Dezhang, and Xiao Dezhang also said that the news was true. He also took the opportunity to say to the Empress Dowager Longyu: "Cao Kun is actually loyal to the country, but the provinces have become independent or simply revolutionary, the front army cannot be withdrawn, the foreign debt is hopeless, and it is difficult to raise money, if you do not agree to the requirements of the Kuomintang, the revolutionary army will be killed in Beijing, and your life will not be guaranteed; If they can comply with the abdication, the preferential conditions will be lenient. Cao Dashuai can ensure that the empress dowager and the emperor still live in the palace and enjoy honor and wealth for a long time. ”

The next morning, Longyu saw Zhao Bingjun and other three ministers of state, hid his face and wept and said: "Zhao Bingjun! Hu Weide! Liang Shiyi! The lives of my mother and son are in the hands of the three of you, you go back and tell Cao Dashuai well, you must save the lives of our mother and son. When the three of them heard this, they also began to cry aloud, pretending to be in great pain. Hu Weide also cried and threatened: The capital is not safe, so he has to go to Tianjin to form another government. After crying for a while, the Empress Dowager Longyu held back her tears, and discussed with the three ministers the conditions for preferential treatment of the Qing family after changing to the republic, she said: "I have only three opinions: one is to keep the 'Qing Emperor's honorific title to inherit and not replace' cross; the second is not to use the word 'abdication'; and the third is to be allowed to live in the palace and the Summer Palace at any time. These three articles, please ask the three of you to tell Cao Dashuai and ask the southern party to accommodate. When the three ministers heard this, they all said that they would immediately inform Premier Yuan and do their best to win more preferential treatment from the revolutionaries for the royal family.

Cao Kun hurriedly passed the conditions to Qiao Fu, and Lao Cao also kept an eye on it, and simply called the whole country, so that Qiao Fu and the others would be sinners who delayed the war and did not want to make peace if they did not agree. For the sake of the republic, Jov had no principles at all, and under his strong initiative, the Nanjing Congress had to pass the "Preferential Treatment of the Qing Chamber." Shandong remained silent, but Wu Chenxuan sent a telegram in the name of the Six Provincial Consultative Bureaus to explain the "abdication of the Qing Emperor", insisting that it should be written into a public edict, and the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace could not be occupied by the Qing court indefinitely, and the national treasures in them were the wealth of the whole people, and a management committee with the participation of all parties should be established to supervise and maintain the responsibility. Cao Kun and Qiao Fu also expressed no objection, joking, if they disagree with Wu Chenxuan's suggestion, they will become historical sinners who have betrayed national treasures, who would dare to detain this?

At this point, the three parties reached a tacit understanding, and they waited for the Qing court to wipe its neck, and the history of the Qing Dynasty finally came to an end.