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Basic Information

Brief introduction

The Whip-tailed Scorpion is a small predator that evolved 300 million years ago and still exists today. Whiptail scorpions live in burrows and feed on spiders, insects, and other scorpions. They have powerful stings and whip-like tails that spew acid (for defense).

Chinese name: Radar Scorpion

Common name alias: whiptail scorpion

Latin name: Typopeltiscrucifer

Geographical distribution: Asia

Reproduction: Ovoviviparous.

morphology

There are whiplashes

Uropygi is a small order in the phylum Arthropods, Chelicerae subphylum, and Arachnida. There are about 85 species in the world, distributed in the temperate and tropical zones of the Americas and Asia. 6 species and 1 subspecies are known in China.

features

The whip anal scorpion body ranges from small to large. The body of the American giant whip anal scorpion is up to 65 mm long. The body is divided into two parts: the anterior body and the posterior body. The anterior body is covered by a dorsal carapace, and there are 8~12 eyes on the dorsal carapace, which are divided into 3 groups, and there is 1 group in the middle of the proximal anterior end, which is 2 middle eyes; 1 group on each side, each consisting of 3~4 eyes. The chelicerae are divided into 2 segments, the second segment is the chelicera, which forms a forceps with the protrusion of the basal ganglia. The tentacles are stout, divided into 6 segments: basal joint, rotating joint, leg segment, tibial joint, basal tarsal segment and tarsal segment. The inner edge of the rotor has a flaky protrusion with many serrations. There is also a distinct protrusion at the inner end of the tibia, the end of which is conical in females and rods in males. There is a protrusion (or immovable finger) on the inner edge of the end of the basal tarsal segment, which forms a forcep with the tarsal segment (or movable finger). The footsteps are generally divided into 7 segments. The first foot has no knee segments, while the tarsal segment is divided into 9 small rings. The first foot feels chemical irritation and humidity and is not used for walking. The 2nd ~ 4th pair of feet are walking feet, with knee joints; The tarsal segment is divided into 3 segments, with 3 claws at the end, and the movement is generally sluggish.

The posterior body (abdomen) originally consisted of 12 segments. segment 1 forms ventral stalk; The 2nd ~ 9th segments are broad and distinct, with dorsal plate, web plate and lateral membrane; The 10th ~ 12th segments are degenerated and very small, and the dorsal and ventral plates of each segment are healed; The 12th abdominal segment is followed by the tail whip, which is composed of about 30~40 bars. The genital foramen is at the posterior border of the ventral plate of the 2nd segment of the posterior body. Two pairs of lung foramen, located at the posterior border of the ventral plates of the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments. The anus opens in the 12th abdominal segment. In the posterior half of the posterior body there is 1 pair of anal glands with openings on both sides of the anus. When a whip scorpion is frightened, it lifts the back end of its abdomen and shoots out the secretions of the anal glands. The secretions of the whip scorpion contain 84% acetic acid and 5% caprylic acid, which allows acetic acid to penetrate into the incoming arthropods. The secretions of the anal glands can burn a person's skin. The excretory apparatus is the basal ganglion glands and the martensis ducts.

Habits

habit

When frightened, the tail is raised high, and the rear gland sprays mist acetic acid to drive away predators. It usually rests during the day and lies dormant under damp rocks, which is difficult to spot without turning over rocks due to its flat and easy sneaking. Nocturnal predation is dominated by insects, and the feeding habit begins with the insect thoracic segment, often eating once a day. Due to the poor predation ability of whip scorpions and the frequent state of starvation in the wild, two scorpions will kill each other. Male and female can be distinguished by the morphology of the tentacles. Because this creature breathes with its lungs, it is more adaptable to humid and high temperatures, and can dive for more than three minutes.

Conformation characteristics

Like spiders and scorpions, it belongs to the arachnids, but it is different from the scorpion, and belongs to the whip-tailed scorpion order (or classified into the whip order), so it is not a real scorpion, because of the domineering appearance but non-poisonous, and the vitality is also very tenacious.

It can also be found in Japan. The arrangement of the basal segments of the thoracic appendages is similar to that of a spider, and the linear whip tail resembles a scorpion venom needle, but it is not poisonous and has micro-cloth tentacles, which is a small whip scorpion species, and the chelicerae tentacles on the chest have the function of feeding or pulling soil.

Feeding habits

He likes to eat small crickets, spiders, and small and medium-sized insects.

Flagellans feed on insects such as cockroaches, crickets, locusts, ants, etc. The prey is caught and torn by the tentacles, then transferred to the chelicerae. Whip scorpions come out at night and hide under leaves, stones, etc. during the day. A few live in deserts, and most prefer moist habitats.

reproduction

Oviparous. During mating, the male clamps the end of the female's first leg with his chelicera. The female reproductive area picks up the sperm pods produced by the male. The whip scorpion uses its tentacles to insert the sperm pod into the female hole. The female of the three-shield scorpion clamps the male's whip with her chelicera, and the male pulls the female onto the sperm pod. The female lays 7~35 eggs in a hidden place and waits for the eggs to hatch. The young scorpion attaches itself to the mother's back and sheds its skin several times before dispersing. The female scorpion died soon after. Some species take up to 3 years to mature.