After taking over South America from Spain, the United States did not incorporate these regions into its territory as new states, as it had done in the past, nor did it engage in colonization in the conquered areas like the European powers, but engaged in "institutional innovation" -- through both soft (co-opting) and hard (force) hands, it fostered pro-democracy in Central and South American countries. U.S. Politics. Right.

In the short and medium term, simply expanding the land area will not play an obvious role in promoting the development of industry and commerce. On the contrary, building infrastructure for the newly incorporated backward areas will take up a large amount of capital and delay the development of industry and commerce, especially high-end manufacturing, and the newly increased population will increase the pressure on domestic employment. After the reunification of the two Germanys, Germany has actually been plagued by this problem, and the relatively backward East German region has dragged down the entire German economy.

Colonial rule, because the people who stay in the colony are not "their own people" and do not have to be too responsible, so the cost can be lower, but it is still necessary to send troops and set up a colonial government to maintain the normal operation of local society. If there was a famine or something like that, it would be up to the people to maintain the suzerainty, and in addition to that, they would have to face the resistance of the local population, just as the Americans had resisted the British. Once not well managed, these colonies will be smashed into their hands and become non-performing assets, which will not only not bring profits, but will also "suck blood" from the overlord. The decline of Britain, France and other countries after the Second World War was, to a certain extent, dragged down by the "blood sucking" of the colonies in their hands.

By Pro. U.S. Politics. The capitalists in the United States can carry out capital expansion in the local area very smoothly, not necessarily completely exclusively. But at the very least, it will certainly give the highest priority to American capital. And pro. U.S. Politics. The right itself and the interest groups behind it are also profitable in the expansion of capital in the United States, which guarantees the solidity of the "cooperative relationship" between the two sides. Later, the four major families that controlled the political and economic power of China belonged to this group. At the same time, the operation of the local society, the maintenance of law and order, and the construction of infrastructure, etc. Most of the time Americans don't need to worry about anything, these are by the pro. U.S. Politics. The United States only needs to intervene when there is a change of power within these countries that is unfavorable to the United States. And once there are major changes in these countries, and the situation reaches the point of no return, the Americans can also withdraw relatively calmly, such as withdrawing from China in 1949, as long as it subjectively does not want to entangle, it will be difficult to be dragged down and appear in a situation of "sucking blood". To sum it up. Again, the words of the previous verse: Benefit more than harm from it.

This "soft control" model of the United States is much less expensive and risky to operate than the British-style colonial model. At the same time, compared with the brutal colonial rule of the British, this indirect control of the United States does have much less moral pressure, at least it seems to be much more "civilized". Such a model of "civilization" is then adopted through "democracy and freedom", "Fei Epharai", "man. rights" and other concepts made it easy for the colony's upper "elites" and intellectuals to have a favorable opinion of Americans. Subjectively willing to pull Americans in to replace Europeans, and these elites tend to become established pros. U.S. Politics. The candidates for the right have reached an agreement with the Americans on "profit" and "righteousness", and everyone will naturally cooperate happily. Everyone was overjoyed.

While implementing its own "new system," the United States still adopts direct control over certain strategic points -- "soft control" is low-cost. However, it is difficult to do it like an arm and a finger and rush on the strategy. It's safest to be in direct control until you're completely sure. In 1903, the United States orchestrated the secession of Panama from Colombia. Proclamation of independence. Later, the United States obtained the right to dig the canal on the Isthmus of Panama from the Panamanian government, and in January 1914, the Panama Canal was completed, in addition to the economic benefits, through the canal, the U.S. Navy fleet could quickly shuttle between the two oceans without having to separate troops to garrison the two oceans, which was equivalent to doubling the number of the U.S. Navy. In the year of the completion of the canal, the United States immediately stationed a heavy presence in the canal zone, successively established 14 military bases or fortresses, and established the "Caribbean Command", which was later expanded to the "Southern Command", and Panama became a "protectorate" of the United States. To further strengthen control of the canal, the U.S. forces occupied Haiti in 1915 and Dominica the following year, both of which were located on the island of Hispaniola, the Windward Channel between the island and Cuba that led to the east mouth of the Panama Canal on the east coast of the United States.

The Americans made a great leap forward in industrialization with the abundant resources and markets of the American continent. At the same time, the development of Germany and Austria-Hungary in Europe had reached a "bottleneck". Their "capital rabbits" are also growing, but they are latecomers, and the meadows (colonies) where they can "feed the rabbits" have been carved up by the European powers that rose first. This is a zero-sum game, your profit must be someone else's loss, and the only way to solve this problem is war for the capitalists, so in 1914, the First World War broke out. Britain, France, Russia, Germany, Italy, and Austria fought bloody battles on the European continent, and the industrial bases of both sides were damaged to varying degrees.

And on the eve of the outbreak of World War I, the United States had already reached the largest economy in the world. By 1914, the United States had 275,000 factories, 7 million industrial workers, and an annual industrial output value of $24 billion, of which steel accounted for half of the world's output. At a time when Europe was in full swing, the United States still chose to remain neutral and not to intervene in European conflicts, and there was no need for it to confront the European powers for the sake of those colonies on the Eurasian continent.

In fact, Americans panicked for a few weeks after the start of the war, but this is nothing, and the fear of war by ordinary people does not need any reason, so it is normal for the stock market to fall because of this. However, the capitalists in the United States were soon "inundated" by various orders from Europe - the European countries with poor materials had to buy from the United States. In 1913, U.S. exports totaled $3.8 billion. More than 1 million people in the country were unable to find work, and by 1916. U.S. exports have soared to $5.5 billion, and it's hard to get people from the streets to work.

To meet the needs of the war. The British and French governments procured a large number of materials from the United States, ranging from weapons, ammunition, and medicines to steel, clothing, and food, and so on, most of which were paid directly in gold, and a small amount was paid for by the United States' own treasury bonds -- the paper money issued in Europe was not recognized by the Americans at this time. By 1916, the British government owed $1.25 billion to the United States, the French government owed $6.4 billion, and Russia and Germany were borrowing money from the Americans. Throughout the war, U.S. private capital lended $3 billion to foreign countries. When Britain rose, Britain used most of Europe's money to fight with others, and now most of Europe is fighting each other with Americans' money. While the government borrowed heavily from the United States, a large amount of European capital flowed into the United States out of fear of war.

In the first three years of the war, the United States remained neutral and made a lot of money on the other. By 1917, the stalemate in the European theater began to be broken, especially on November 7. The October Revolution broke out. The nascent Soviet government, under internal and external pressure, was soon forced to sign the Peace of Brest with Germany in March 1918. In this way, Germany not only gained a large territory from the Soviet Union, but also was able to transfer the main forces of the German army fighting on the Eastern Front to Western Europe. The scales on the battlefield then began to tip in favor of Germany. At this time, Britain and France were owing $6 billion in loans to American capitalists, and if they were defeated, the money would have to be lost. Therefore. The United States would have plenty of reason to join the war and side with Britain and France - to ensure that the loans of the capitalists would be repaid. Of course, the reasons don't stop there. The United States also received a great deal of political and economic commitments from Britain and France before entering the war. Before entering the war, the United States was in business. And participating in the war itself, in fact, is also an investment, a big business. Since then, the United States has waged foreign wars that have basically followed this path -- fighting a war is an investment, and investment should emphasize low risk and high return, so it is necessary to "pick and pinch soft persimmons." If we think about it carefully, we will find that the Americans rarely take advantage of tough and vicious battles, and the wars that really benefit them are all in "pinching soft persimmons" or waiting for "hard persimmons to become soft" before pinching.

Nineteen months after the U.S. military declared its entry into the war, Germany signed an armistice in November 1918, ending World War I. From a tactical point of view, there are not too many outstanding battles to be found, and it is impossible to say which side has more brave soldiers, but both sides are fighting for national strength. To use an inappropriate analogy, two groups of people stand still and throw eggs at each other. By 1917, the eggs on both sides had been almost gone, and Germany was in a slightly better position because of the end of the two-front war. And due to the entry of the super hen of the United States, the balance of the battlefield was sharply unbalanced, and the Germans had to declare their surrender with eggs full of liquid after throwing all their eggs.

In this war, the United States spent a total of $37 billion, killed more than 116,000 people, and wounded more than 244,500 people, which is a tiny amount compared to the millions of casualties in European countries. In stark contrast to this "low input", the United States has high returns. Before the start of the war in 1914, the United States was a pure debtor with a total of $3.7 billion in long-term and short-term debt, and by 1919, after the war, the United States became the largest creditor, with $4 billion in debt. Driven by the strong demand brought about by the war, the manufacturing industry in the United States began another round. The Great Leap Forward of Industrialization surpassed the Great Leap Forward period of industrialization that was previously known as the "Gilded Age", and the United States came to an unprecedented period of prosperity. Automobiles and electrical appliances began to spread in American life during this period, and highways and interstates began to spread throughout the United States, and the American lifestyle "on wheels" came from this.

Politically, the world structure, which was originally dominated by the European bloc led by the United Kingdom, has gradually become a "dual-core drive" of Europe and the United States. In the Paris Peace Conference, the famous spoils conference after World War I, the central role was played by US President Wilson. Of course, at that time, "isolationism" still dominated US foreign policy. The most typical example is the withdrawal of the United States from the League of Nations, which it initiated itself. Without going into the details, let's just talk about the national interests of the United States. This choice was absolutely correct, because at that time the United States had only gained a say. At this time, if we get too involved in the affairs of the Eurasian continent, we will make ourselves "responsible" and "beneficial" small. If you deliberately pursue a title like "G2", it will become a real disaster for the sake of fame.

If the modern state is regarded as a living organism, then there should be two types of self-wills - the will of capital and the will of the state. The "self-will" mentioned here is simply the fundamental starting point for doing things. The so-called capital will, that is, how to make money is considered in doing things, and everything else can only be regarded as tools and means; The so-called national will, that is, how to maintain the current government. Right to stability. If there is an ideal, we will consider how to enrich the country and strengthen the army, how to expand the territory, and how to make money in the economy is only one of the means to achieve these goals. The Soviet Union, which engaged in state capitalism, was a pure state will, while in the decision-making system of the capitalist countries in Europe and the United States, the capital will was dominant, but there were also "elements" of the state will, and the final decision was often the product of the "neutralization" of the two wills.

In the United States in the 20s of the 20th century, its self-will was almost pure capital will. The president at the time, Herbert Hoover, was a secretary of commerce, and the country was based on a "fundamentalist" or liberal market economy model, with the government's ass sitting entirely on the side of the capitalists. Plays the role of a tuba maintenance club.

After the end of the First World War, the productivity of workers per unit of time increased by more than 40 percent due to the spread of various mass production techniques. When a large number of goods are produced, the purchasing power of consumers needs to increase. In other words, it is necessary to raise the wages of the common people. But in the 20s of the 20th century, the income of workers did not increase in proportion to the increase in productivity. 1929 year. Economists at the Brookings Institution have calculated that a family needs $2,000 a year to get the minimum necessities. But at that time, more than 60 percent of American households did not meet this standard. The gap between demand and supply is getting wider and wider, creating an economic "dammed lake". Meanwhile. Merchants have used various methods to encourage customers who do not have enough money to buy things on credit for too long, which further increases the risk of economic operation, which is actually the same reason as the subprime mortgage crisis that broke out in 2008.

In 1929, Germany was overwhelmed by huge war reparations and debts, and a reparations of up to $400 million were due and Germany could not afford to pay them. U.S. banks had previously provided a large number of loans to Germany, Britain and France, and this news triggered a major earthquake in the U.S. banking industry, and the run caused by the panic caused by the loss of $1.7 billion to U.S. banks, President Hoover and Treasury Secretary Melon were greatly shaken, and the government quickly began to adopt monetary tightening policies in order to stop the banking industry from lending indiscriminately. As a result, the rapidly expanding real economy began to face the problem of insufficient funds, and by October the stock market had a "Black Thursday", and the "dammed lake" finally formed a monstrous flood.

Investors in the stock market crash cut the bottom, copied and cut again, and finally the blood flowed like a river, dragging down the banks, the banks tightened loans and dragged down the enterprises, the enterprises laid off employees, and the market consumption power further declined, which in turn further dragged down the banks...... As a result, the U.S. economy entered the famous "Great Depression" period. During this period, the U.S. economy shrank by a full third, with more than 5,500 banks failing, 86,000 shops closing, and the dollar no longer circulating in some states. In the agricultural areas of the central and western regions, riots simply broke out, and the common people followed the example of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang of Huaguo, rose up and occupied the state government building.

In the midst of the gloom, the 32nd President of the United States, Benjamin Franklin. Draenau. Roosevelt came to power, and in his words, he would either be the greatest president in American history or the last president of the United States. The rest of the history is as we know it, and he was lucky enough to do the former.

We are often accustomed to associating "Roosevelt's New Deal" with "Keynesianism," or even conflating the two. In fact, the meeting between Keynes and President Roosevelt was not pleasant at the time, and it was basically a chicken-and-duck conversation, and Keynes left the United States shortly after the meeting. It was Hitler's Germany that was truly faithful to Keynesianism, but the German government's investment project was not to build bridges and pave roads for infrastructure. Rather, it is a massive expansion of the army. The Nazis created effective demand for the capitalists, and the economic cycle was restarted. As a result, Germany was the first to "get out" of the economic crisis. Many of today's well-known German brands were preserved at that time. Mercedes built fighter jets, while Porsche's most famous products at the time were tanks and self-propelled guns.

It is true that the US government at the same time also engaged in a lot of cash-for-work projects, but this is by no means the whole of Roosevelt's New Deal, at best it can only be said to be some technical means to deal with the immediate problems, and if Roosevelt is the greatest president in American history on the basis of this, it is a bit too unworthy of the name. The most profound impact of Roosevelt's New Deal on American history is that it created a large American middle class by raising up workers. The protection of rights and welfare has changed the income structure of society from a "pyramid" to a "jujube core" shape. From this point of view, Roosevelt's New Deal may have been influenced in part by the success of the Soviet model, when conservatives in the United States were attacking the New Deal. He once accused President Roosevelt of engaging in "socialism."

After the First World War, there were more than 20,000 millionaires in the United States (millionaires at that time were equivalent to billionaires today), the income of ordinary people did not increase, the gap between the rich and the poor continued to widen, the country's economic aggregate was expanding, and the spending power was actually declining. For example, a middle-class person with a fortune of 100,000 yuan will buy a car, but a millionaire with a fortune of 10,000 yuan cannot buy 10 cars "proportionally", and the main force of consumption should be these people with a fortune of 100,000. And not those millionaires.

Roosevelt's specific means of implementing the New Deal was to strengthen the power of the government, bypassing the parliament and the Supreme Court, and directly promoting it in an administrative way. In the words of the Americans at the time, it was "independence. cut". Note that at the time alone. Cutting is not a pejorative term. At that time, Mussolini in Italy was also pursuing independence. cut, under his rule. Italy's economy is in very good shape, so it was also popular with Churchill. American writer. Thomas, the most influential figure in the broadcast media, repeatedly publicly suggested that Roosevelt should dare to take on the responsibility of being the Mussolini of the United States -- the American public at that time also admired Mussolini very much, but they were very disgusted with his ally Hitler, because the latter was so close to the American bankers that he was "hated".

If we use the analogy of today's figures, the closest thing to Roosevelt's image at that time may be Russia's Putin. It's just that Russia is still in a period of decline, and the United States was on the rise at that time. After Putin took over Russia, he dealt a heavy blow to the oligarchs at home, and Roosevelt took office and also adopted a policy of suppression against the American chaebols. Specifically, the repressed ones include the Morgan consortium, the Mon consortium, and the Chase consortium in the financial world, DuPont, General Motors, General Foods, American Steel, Standard Oil, Colgate, Heinz, and so on in the corporate world. At that time, the government had to implement a social security program, and at the same time it had to tax the undistributed profits of large corporations. For a time, many scholars and professors attacked the government, the capitalists called out the government by reducing investment, and the government returned the favor to the capitalists through the media. In 1932, workers at the Ford Motor Works in Michigan went on strike, and the troops sent by the federal government simply engaged in an armed confrontation with the state police who came to suppress them. Not only that, but at that time, Roosevelt also launched an "anti-black" campaign in the United States, and through the Federal Bureau of Investigation and non-governmental organizations composed of veterans, he severely cracked down on the American mafia, and social order was greatly improved.

The reason why these two are so tough is not only because of their personal personalities. Putin is from the KGB and has the support of Russia's powerful apparatus behind him. Roosevelt's roots are even deeper, in addition to the Roosevelt family's two presidents, the Roosevelt family's uncle and nephew, the sixth president Adams, the eighth Buren, the twelfth Taylor, the thirteenth Fairmore, the fourteenth Pierce, the eighteenth Grant, the nineteenth Hayes, the twenty-second and twenty-fourth Cleveland A total of eight presidents are also related to the Roosevelt family. Like Putin, Roosevelt relied heavily on powerful agencies, and it was in his hands that the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) was propelled to the pinnacle of power – as a side effect that the FBI and its director Herbert Hoover later became too powerful to lose, and Truman's tenure was largely designed to decentralize the power of the FBI.

And in terms of the short-term situation at that time. In fact, Roosevelt and Putin achieved similar results -- both only halted the downward spiral. Compared to Germany and Italy, the economic situation of the United States at that time was actually not good. Economic indicators have only returned to 1929 levels - not counting the employment rate. By 1937, the United States had experienced another recession. Industrial output fell by 40 per cent that year, returning to 1934 levels. Compared with the "Keynesian model" of Germany and Italy, Roosevelt's New Deal was more like a dose of Chinese medicine – a slower but more effective medicine. By the outbreak of World War II in 1939, the United States ushered in the same opportunity as the First World War, and at this time the social structure of the United States had undergone profound changes, and the incoming wealth would no longer just allow the capitalists to make another windfall, but would create a new hegemon.

World experience has proven time and again. The entrepreneur's every move has a profound impact on the nature and positioning of the country and the direction of its lifeline, just like the first cutting edge drawn by a scalpel on the body and skin, which is related to the success or failure of the entire "business". Fortunately, the North Americans were waiting for Washington instead of Napoleon, Franklin instead of Bismarck, Jefferson instead of Robespierre......

It's like catching the most beautiful deck of cards in the world overnight. These outstanding middle-aged people who suddenly appeared out of nowhere, their foreheads and eyes flashed with the same light and meaning, and they were in the same spirit and mental soundness. The same heroism and purity. As if guided by God, they gathered on the North American continent from all directions like crystal tadpoles, and invariably marched towards the same point of light: independence, equality, democracy, freedom...... This group of tall and elegant North Americans is so self-respecting and poetic, the kind of consensus that can be reached quickly without much difficulty. The kind of friendship that supports each other and never deceives, and the kind of calmness and determination that does not sit back in the face of the fruits of power after victory is really not like the politicians of later times. You can't see the Dog Fly Battalion in motion, you can't hear the whispers of the conspirators and the sharpening of knives. There is no official coup d'état and a power struggle in the style of "Hongmen Banquet", let alone the "death of a cunning rabbit". The Altar of the Lackeys Cooked' Blood Plague......

This group of highly intelligent ''tuba kids', mature and full of fantasy. Rational and passionate, brave and educated, they love exams but refuse to cheat, and they have to test their abilities, intellect and character by constructing a new map called "America." In just a few decades, they have accumulated more spiritual resources for this country without history, and they have rapidly created more glory and pride than the following generations combined, and they have spared no effort and devoted all their efforts to solving so many problems for the United States at once, saving so many troubles and hidden dangers for the future, and realizing so many dreams that were difficult for Europe at that time -- about the relationship between the army, the state and the individual (the head of state), the separation of church and state, and the independence of military and government; About the Federation and the Commonwealth. the constitutional principles of peace, universal suffrage, and checks and balances; About Modern University Education...... The intelligence, courage, and virtue displayed by the level of its nation-building far surpassed the "average" of the national qualities that history had given to the times.

Among this group of people, there is one person who has to be said, and that is Washington. As we all know, Washington is the founding father of the United States, he was the first president of the United States, and he led the people of North America to victory in the Revolutionary War. You must know that the reason why the United States can become the hegemon of the world today is that Washington is that seed. Needless to say, after he led the people of North America to victory in the War of Independence, he rejected the proposal of the yellow robe to add a body, surrendered the military power, disbanded the army, and chose to retire after success and return to his manor peacefully. Needless to say, he did his best to use his prestige and influence to preside over the formulation of the founding constitution of the United States under the circumstances of many difficulties, thus opening a new era in history and making the United States the first country in the world to elect a president, the first country to separate powers, and the first country to have a federal system. Not to mention that after he became president of the United States, he was extremely sophisticated in governing the country with ease, and governed the United States in an orderly manner, laying the groundwork for the future prosperity and strength of the United States.

The good virtues in him alone are already endless. He was a great commander-in-chief, but he hated war, and his greatest desire was to make it disappear from the face of the earth. He was born a slave owner, but his kindness and integrity made him full of sympathy for the vast number of black slaves. In an environment where slavery was prevalent in the South, Washington freed all the slaves he owned in his will, and he was the only one of the founding fathers of the United States to do so. Although due to the limitations of the development of the times. It was difficult for Washington to fundamentally shake the system of slavery, but his pioneering actions undoubtedly had a strong impact on the idea of emancipating slave owners. After two terms as president, Washington. Resolutely resigned as a third president, and the United States did not have a limit on the term of office of the president at that time. With Washington's prestige, it is not impossible to be re-elected, but Washington still returned to his rightful power and returned to his hometown, and since then there has been no unwritten practice of more than two terms of US presidents. Washington is a combination of virtues, courageous in the face of difficulties, gentle and steady in his conduct, and high in the face of major decisions. Visionary.

He cherishes fame, but does not seek fame and fortune; He was cautious. But it has the courage to pioneer and innovate. It is precisely because of the cornerstone laid by Washington that the United States has been able to rise in the world and lead the development of world trends today. Washington is arguably the most brilliant and greatest president in the history of mankind, and none of the founding fathers of any subsequent nation can be compared. No matter how the Chinese people reject the United States now, it is okay to evaluate the United States, but there is no doubt about this. Washington is the kind of character that only appears in TV dramas, why did the United States have a Washington? We can only say providence, providence!

In terms of geographical advantages, the United States is undoubtedly the country with the most superior land geography in the world. Russian. The land of the country has a whole large area of ice and snow that is inaccessible to people. And Huaguo also has uninhabitable west. The Tibetan Plateau and the desert areas of Xinjiang. Both Australia and Canada have too few populations, one is 20 million, the other is 30 million. Britain and France are both too small. And what about Brazil? Brazil's own geographical conditions are very good, but the combination of factors is not good. The country's economy started too slowly, and the country's geographical location was not ideal. And if you look closely at the map of the world, you will find that the whole earth cannot find such a good place in the United States. It's simply a gift from God to Americans. The United States has no strong enemies in the north and south, and is bordered by two oceans. The land is fertile and the water is abundant. The United States is blessed with natural resources. It is the fundamental condition for the United States to have a developed economy and a prosperous people. The continental United States has a mild climate and fertile soil, with an arable land area of 197.45 million hectares, accounting for 13.15% of the world's total arable land, making it the largest country in the world. Large rivers such as the Mississippi supplied very abundant fresh water, which laid the foundation for the flourishing of agriculture in the early years of the United States and the development of industry later in the United States. One-third of the land is forest, 225 million acres of which are designated as national forests, which are wildlife sanctuaries and people's recreational grounds. The United States is also rich in coal, iron, oil, zinc, copper, silver and other mineral deposits, and its wealth is among the highest in the world. The Northeast United States is home to the famous Great Lakes - Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario, which is the largest group of freshwater lakes in the world, known as the "North American Mediterranean". You might say that the United States also has a piece of Alaska? But its economic value is better than that of China and Russia. The barren land of the country is much more useful, where there is oil, gold mines, rich fisheries, and a transit point for flights to the United States, known as the "jewel in the snow". Therefore, it is not unreasonable for the United States to become the world hegemon.

The second geographical advantage of the United States is that it is a neighbor of the world that is not neighbored by other major powers. This privileged geographical location created a pre-1941 tendency for U.S. leaders to be reluctant to dominate or control other powers. After 1918, the threat to other countries from the rise of American power was also affected by this remote geographical location, and of course, the United States was well protected because of this geographical advantage. By the seventies of the 19th century, the United States surpassed Great Britain in terms of total industrial output and became the most powerful and developed country in the world. However, the most extensive influence on the world is still the empire on which the sun never sets, and the Anglo-American contradiction is not yet prominent, which is the benefit of remote geographical location. The remote geographical location isolated the United States from Europe, so that the United States could stay away from the intrusion of European powers and concentrate on economic development. As Taylor points out, during this period, Europe believed that the United States was not just on another continent, but as if it were in another country. It is precisely because of this that the United States did not suffer excessive interference from European countries in the era of territorial expansion, and Europe did have some interests in the Americas, but not fundamental interests, so the United States bought a large amount of territory from France, instead of interfering. This was true even at the end of the 19th century. Germany, which rose to prominence in the same era, was not so lucky. Germany's unification, expansion, and strength were encircled and intercepted by the old European empires, resulting in its inability to rise peacefully like the United States, and could only be repelled by force, and eventually triggered a world war, putting itself in a place of no return. Thus, historically, the transfer of power (the substitution of the rising power for the previous one) has often been marked by a pronounced tendency towards violence, and the overpower of one country has inevitably led to other countries uniting to form checks and balances. However, the superior geographical environment of the United States has led to the fact that the United States has not experienced the impact of power transfer.

The United States has been an immigrant since its founding. The country did not experience feudal society, did not have anti-feudal tasks, and the object of struggle was clear and single, which is why the "Declaration of Independence", which was unprecedented in history, appeared. The historical period of the growth of the United States happened to be in the middle of the era of colonialism and imperialism, and it was only when it was entering the end that it began to become powerful and stepped onto the stage of a great power. The belated arrival of the United States has left a positive significance for the maintenance of American hegemony, so it has few ideas of colonialism and more of the idea of pursuing democracy, so it has only a piece of Jasmine that cannot be called a colony. During the Cold War, when the Stalin-like "Red Terror" was rampant in the world, the United States led the so-called "free world" to launch a resolute confrontation with it, which provided a good reputation for American world hegemony in the Western world. At the same time, the historical policies of the United States have also had a positive impact on the developing countries, for example, the idea of democracy and national self-determination put forward by Wilson at the Versailles Conference, and the idea of decolonization put forward by Franklin Roosevelt a few decades later, have had a positive impact on the underdeveloped regions. The famous American international relations scholar John Brown. "The combination of U.S. geostrategic interests and the progressive normative principles of the postwar order reinforces the image of the United States as a non-coercive, non-imperialist hegemonic power," Ikenberry commented. ”

The second historical advantage of the United States is that the two world wars provided a golden opportunity for the rise of the United States. It can be said that there were only two wars on the American mainland, the Revolutionary War and the Civil War, in other words, the United States has not dropped a single bullet on its own soil since the shooting of Lexington in 1775, which is rare among the major powers. (To be continued......)