Chapter 514 Guo Hui Yi Yao

"Lost your life? How could this be? It's just an experiment, he won't really give himself away, he'll die. Yun Xian said.

"Almost, my senior was originally a wonder, when we were in class, most of the knowledge explained by the teacher was passively accepted, but he was not, he was used to questioning. He often said that the knowledge that the teacher has given us now would not have been brought forward if those great men had not questioned it. We also have to learn to question, questioning is the process of thinking, passive acceptance, and what the brain does. So at that time, although he was the top student in the class, he was also the most troublesome student for the teacher. Dazhe said.

"Then how is he?" Min Lan asked.

"At that time, he got those videotapes, and he checked a lot of information, about the matter of water turning into oil, he still firmly believed that it was fake, but he felt that Wang Hongcheng's perpetual motion machine was very reasonable, and it was very valuable for research, at that time he was facing graduation, but instead of studying his graduation thesis, he ******** do experiments in the laboratory." Dazhe said.

"The perpetual motion machine is arguably the craziest research in human history, but once the experiment is successful, it will also become the greatest invention in the world. Any invention needs power, and perpetual motion machines are no exception. Since human beings have fantasized about perpetual motion machines, this fantasy will become a kind of driving force, and thus there are all kinds of perpetual motion machine ideas. In terms of written records alone, the earliest idea of a perpetual motion machine was proposed by the 13th-century Gothic architect Verrard de Onukel. He attached seven wooden clottes to the rim of a large wheel with hinges, and the clamé struck the rim to make the wheel turn. And drive other machinery to do work. There is also the Italian Stellada Steyrsch who designed a perpetual motion machine: fill the upper tank with water and turn a water wheel as it rushes down. A water wheel can drive a whetstone to work. At the same time, another set of gears drives the screw suction. Lift the water into the sink above. The water in the sink is constantly replenished, and the whole unit will keep turning. In England, the physician Robert Froude used the same principle and designed a perpetual motion machine for grinding wheat. Although people's illusions about perpetual motion machines are very early, the real frenzy for the development of perpetual motion machines was after the development of large industry. However, these perpetual motion machines only exist in the whimsical stage, and there is no theoretical support at all. Yun Ximing said.

"That's right, that's what I told my seniors at the time, but the seniors firmly believe that as long as the relationship between consumption and replenishment of energy can be solved, it is possible to produce a perpetual motion machine." Dazhe said.

"Actually, it doesn't matter if it's a professional technician. Or amateurs, many people want to use the existing scientific and technological achievements, trying to make a breakthrough in the perpetual motion machine, from buoyancy, water flow, capillary phenomenon, thermal energy, light energy, magnetism, electricity, to chemical reactions and other aspects, some people have explored the principle and design of the perpetual motion machine, and put forward no less than hundreds of schemes. Among these various types of perpetual motion machines, they can be roughly divided into two types, and one is called a perpetual motion machine made out of nothing. Yun Ximing said.

"That's right, that's the name. The designer of this kind of perpetual motion machine wants to fundamentally not supply any bit of energy, and relies on the perpetual motion of the machine itself to do the work. As early as the Middle Ages, perpetual motion machines were designed along these lines, with many movable short rods mounted on the edges of the wheels. An iron ball is mounted at one end of the rod. No matter where the wheel turns, the iron balls on the right are always farther off the axis than the iron balls on the left. According to the principle of leverage, these balls on the right must press the wheel and turn in the direction indicated by the arrow. At each time in the future. The distribution of the iron balls on the wheel will always remain in the initial state, and the pressure on the wheel will always be present on the iron ball on the right. The wheels will spin forever. At the beginning of the 19th century, improvements were proposed. Short clubs are switched to some long arms that can only be bent to the left and not to the right. Each long arm end can hold a ball capable of rolling freely. When a long arm reaches point A, the ball contained at its end falls exactly and then rolls along a fixed slope to point B, where the same arm also turns to point B and still catches the ball that rolls off the inclined plane. The balls on the right side of the wheel are far from the axis, and they will rotate against the wheel in the middle, and the cycle will never stop. The common feature of this kind of perpetual motion machine is that it first supplies the machine with a little energy, and then it can use it to do work uninterruptedly. There is also a perpetual motion machine designed according to this idea, in which the armor wheel is equipped with a plurality of connected water buckets. First, the chakra is rotated by manpower, and the water is lifted up through the water bucket. When the water reaches the C pipe, it flows out through the C pipe and hits the B wheel. Use a belt to connect the two wheels of A and B, and once the B wheel starts to rotate, you can drive the A wheel. In the future, there is no need for people to turn the chakra, it will rotate on its own. The water after the impact of the water wheel can be used for irrigation for the benefit of mankind. Dazhe said, "You may not believe it, I have accompanied my senior to do all these experiments, but all of them have failed without exception." ”

"You guys really did the experiment?! Tried every single one? Yun Ximing said in surprise.

"yes, that's probably the best time of my life." Dazhe said, "There is also a form of perpetual motion machine, called a wind-driven motorcycle, and it took a lot of trouble when we did this experiment. An air compressor is installed on the luggage rack of the car, which first supplies some energy to compress some air and uses this compressed air to start the wind-driven motorcycle. Since the rear wheels of the motorcycle can drive the air compressor through the chain to further compress the air, this part of the compressed air continues to be used to start the pneumatic engine, and the pneumatic motorcycle will keep moving. ”

"But you should have known that this was impossible. Perpetual motion machines of all kinds are impossible for centuries, and despite the fantasies of inventing perpetual motion machines, such machines have never been able to be built because they violate the basic principles of physics. The laws of conservation and transformation of energy cannot be violated. Sister Wang Na said.

"I haven't studied your human physics, what is conservation of energy?" Arrow asked.

"The law of conservation of energy and transformation is one of the major discoveries in the first half of the 19th century, which was proposed by several scientists from different angles: Joule of England began to make a perpetual motion machine, studied the conversion relationship between various energies, and found that no matter what method is used to do a certain amount of work, the heat generated must be certain; Conversely, a certain amount of heat must also be able to do a certain amount of work, and it cannot be more or less. The German physician Meyer understood the principle of conservation of energy from the bright red veins of people in tropical places. Canot approached the conservation of energy through the study of heat engines. In 1847, Helmholtz mathematically demonstrated the conservation of energy; In 1850, Clausius proposed the second law of thermodynamics, and pointed out that it is impossible to take heat from a single heat source to completely do useful work, and that mechanical energy can only be obtained by taking heat from a high-temperature heat source and giving it to a low-temperature heat source. The law of conservation of energy is the most fundamental objective law that governs the natural world, it is pervasive, no matter what kind of changes occur between things, we must abide by the law of conservation of energy. Since energy is conserved, no matter how the process changes, it changes and changes, and in the end it is impossible to have more energy. Obviously, a perpetual motion machine made out of nothing and a perpetual motion machine that is small or large are both contrary to the conservation of energy, so they are both impossible. Friction can never be eliminated. Friction is a real force that exists in nature, and for a long time, people have tried various ways to overcome it, such as the invention of the wheel, the application of rolling, and the smoothing of the contact surface, etc., all in order to reduce friction. But friction can only be reduced, and it can never be completely eliminated, because once friction is completely eliminated, it will be difficult for people to move an inch, and the world will no longer be high or low. In the same way, air resistance cannot be completely eliminated when an object is in motion. In this way, when the object moves, it is necessary to continuously consume energy due to the presence of friction and air resistance. In the absence of energy supply, a perpetual motion machine is naturally impossible. Yun Ximing said.

"There's one thing I don't quite understand." Min Lan asked, "Since you know everything, why didn't you stop this senior of yours at that time, and accompanied him to do all kinds of experiments?" ”

"Actually, my senior doesn't have any emotional intelligence, I didn't know him at first, and the reason why I helped him was because I had someone who asked me to help him." Dazhe said.

"Looks like this guy is very unusual." Min Lan said.

"It's one of my senior sisters, the object of my crush. At that time, the senior found a lot of assistants, either he didn't do it, or he was scolded by the senior and ran away, after a long time, the senior fell into a lonely battle, the senior sister is the senior's girlfriend, and I can't bear to watch him sink like this, so I came to me, I was also a student in the grade at that time, and I was somewhat interested, plus it was the senior sister's please not shirk, so I agreed. Dazhe said.

"You've done a bit too much." Min Lan said sourly, "Then what happened to you, a senior?" ”

"Dead, still alive, to be exact." Dazhe said.

"What do you say?" Yun Ximing asked.

"At that time, when it came to the conservation of energy, the perpetual motion machine was not established, and my senior began to think about starting the perpetual motion machine with power that does not consume energy, so he thought of the brain." Dazhe said.

"Brain?!" I was also taken aback, "He's not going to use himself as a motivation." ”

"Officially, he did one of the craziest experiments in human history, and in the end it failed, and this time the price was his life." (To be continued.) )