The male protagonist of this article has been refrigerated by the river crab.,If you want to see the male owner, hurry up and find other books.,Don't order it again.。

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Gao Ling smelted the main bioalloy plates into a six-crystal lattice square with bioenergy, most of the keels were only smelted with bioenergy on both sides, and the bioalloy plates and floors in the central control area were only smelted with bioenergy, leaving the outer membrane of biochemical materials on the other sides, so they were equally straight and stronger than those sawed out by the saw. Each bioalloy sheet assumes the eye of the high-energy crystal, and the head of the high-energy crystal is set on the top, and at this time, Gao Ling sends some tools to the interstellar express. The days spent in the planets tend to be short; However, Gao Ling often brought the high-energy mixture for lunch, read the interstellar shuttle that delivered them at noon, and sat on the green pine furnace that Gao Ling had smelted with bioenergy, and their aroma stained the mixture, because Gao Ling had a thick layer of biochemical grease on his hands. Before Gao Ling ended, the pine biochemical material became a compact alloy, although Gao Ling used biological energy to smelt a few furnaces, but still did not settle with them, but became closer and closer to them. Sometimes, wanderers on the planets are attracted to the sound of axes, and sapient beings happily look at the crushed bioalloy plates.

Now a large part of the planet where they are located is for sale, because Gao Ling took the little buns to do some tasks and got some assets, so she decided to follow the example of some of her peers, cunning rabbits and three holes, and make nests everywhere.

After buying this area, for safety reasons, Gao Ling began to build his own small village, including the purchase of high-energy super super light brains......

Energy density is an abbreviation for energy density. It refers to the energy absorbed by a unit volume of a substance from absolute zero to its present state. For example, 12 tons of water in a state from absolute zero to that state absorb a total of 7.8636X10(+9)J of energy. THE ENERGY DENSITY OF THIS WATER IS ABOUT 6.553X10(+8)J PER CUBIC METER. Energy density includes kinetic energy density and static energy density. Kinetic energy density includes macroscopic kinetic energy density and microscopic kinetic energy density. Microscopic kinetic energy density refers to the sum of energy possessed by the thermal motion of material molecules per unit volume; Macroscopic kinetic energy density refers to the energy density possessed by a moving object, e.g. sound has energy. As the sound waves propagate outward, they become larger. And the sum of energies remains the same, so the energy density decreases. Taking a pleasant star as an example, assuming that the energy radiating outward from the pleasant star at any moment is equal, and there are no celestial bodies and particles in the universe except for the pleasant star, then the total amount of pleasant star energy in the range space of 0~1 light-year away from the pleasant star and the range space of 1~2 light-years away from the pleasant star is equal. Since the volume of the latter is 7 times that of the former, the energy density of electromagnetic waves in the range space of 1~2 light-years away from a pleasant star should be 1/7 of the space in the range of 0~1 light-years, that is to say, the energy density of electromagnetic waves emitted by stars decreases with the increase of propagation distance, in other words, the energy of the light quantum of electromagnetic waves decreases with the increase of propagation distance. The energy formula E=hv by Planck's light quantum (E is the energy of the light quantum and h is Planck's constant. v is the frequency of the electromagnetic wave), and the frequency of the electromagnetic wave decreases, and the electromagnetic wave has a certain redshift phenomenon. However, at this time, human beings can not observe the phenomenon of light redshift, and only after propagating a certain distance (about hundreds of thousands of light years) can humans observe the phenomenon of light redshift, because the light wave observed by human beings or the electromagnetic wave observed by the instrument is only a part of the electromagnetic wave, and its wavelength should be greater than 4X10 (-7) m, and the wavelength of those wavelengths less than 4X10 (-7) m in the electromagnetic wave will be transformed into visible light as soon as it becomes longer. Therefore, only when there is no longer a wavelength less than 4X10(-7)m in the electromagnetic wave, can humans observe the redshift of light. As the propagation distance increases, the redshift becomes more pronounced. This is the reason for the results of the Hubble telescope observations. Observations: Except for a few galaxies near the resident galaxies, almost all galaxies emit redshifts, and the redshifts become more pronounced with increasing distances.

Because the light energy emitted by the light is too small. And there is no part with a wavelength less than 4X10(-7)m, so it is easy to produce redshift. For example, in the dark of the busy farming season, when you are very close to the harvester. You will notice that the light is white, and you will feel the light red from a few kilometers away. Since humans rely on visible light to see the world. Therefore, the human eye has a range of energy and dense values to receive external electromagnetic waves, and now due to the progress of human science and technology. Humans can use advanced technology to convert electromagnetic waves with extremely low energy density into light waves that can be observed by humans, but there must be a limit to the low energy density. Since there is a certain radiation background in the universe, the energy density of the cosmic radiation background becomes the constraint of this limit, so the energy density of the cosmic radiation background is also called the limit electromagnetic wave energy density observed by human beings, referred to as the limit energy density. As the propagation distance of electromagnetic waves increases, the energy density of electromagnetic waves will continue to decrease, and after a certain distance (about tens of billions of light years), the energy density of electromagnetic waves will be less than the limit energy density, and then electromagnetic waves will no longer be observed by humans. The distance at which electromagnetic waves can be observed by humans is related to the SLG energy density (the energy density of electromagnetic waves at a distance of one light year from the star) radiated by the star. The greater the density of the SLG, the greater the distance at which it can be observed by humans. However, no matter how large this distance is, it is also limited, so the universe observed by humans is limited, and it is only a part of the universe. Assuming that there is an extraterrestrial civilization outside the pleasant star system, and the extraterrestrial civilization will use a device to emit electromagnetic waves outward to represent the existence of intelligent beings on this planet, then it is difficult for human beings to discover the electromagnetic waves emitted by the extraterrestrial civilization, and it is determined that there are zoi organisms on this planet, because the SLG energy density of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the extraterrestrial civilization is so small that it may be less than the limit energy density and cannot be observed by humans. For example, Li Min in Qingdao threw a stone into the sea, and Chen Hao in the continental United States could not observe the water waves raised by the stones anyway, because when the water waves propagate thousands of kilometers, the amplitude of the water waves will be similar to the diameter of the molecules, because the molecules are never stopping to do irregular motion, so if you want to observe the water waves, at least the amplitude of the water waves is larger than the amplitude of the irregular motion of water molecules. If a large earthquake occurs in the basin of the Pacific Ocean Ocean to which the United States belongs, a large tsunami occurs. Limin, who is in the port of Qingdao, must be able to observe the waves caused by the tsunami (assuming the water surface is calm). Pleasant stars radiate electromagnetic waves like a tsunami, radiating a huge energy of 3.8 X 10 (+28)J into space every second. Humans emit electromagnetic waves like throwing stones. There is a limited amount of energy radiated per second. The limit energy density is like the amplitude of a molecule moving erratically. Since the SLG energy density of electromagnetic waves emitted by humans cannot be compared with that of pleasant stars, the distance at which electromagnetic waves emitted by humans can be observed by humans should be within one light-year. Since the mean linearity between stars is ten light-years. Therefore, it is difficult to observe electromagnetic waves emitted by extraterrestrial civilizations. It is very difficult to find a pleasant extragalactic planet with the current technology of mankind. The SLG energy density of the light waves reflected by the planets should be greater than the SLG energy density of the electromagnetic waves emitted by living beings, so it is reasonable that even if there is an extraterrestrial civilization, it is not surprising that human beings have not discovered it. The law of energy density: the greater the microscopic kinetic energy density of an object, the greater the energy density of electromagnetic waves radiating outward, and the shorter the wavelength

The wave spreads outward, the energy density of the wave becomes smaller, and the wavelength becomes larger (or the amplitude becomes smaller)

The wave converges inward, and the energy density of the wave becomes larger, and the wavelength becomes smaller (or the amplitude increases)

Electromagnetic wave. It is an oscillating particle wave derived from the electric field and magnetic field that is in phase and perpendicular to each other in space, and is an electromagnetic field propagating in the form of waves, which has wave-particle duality. Electromagnetic waves are electric and magnetic fields that oscillate in phase and are perpendicular to each other in space in the form of waves, and their propagation direction is perpendicular to the electric field, and the electromagnetic waves have a fixed rate in a vacuum, and the speed is the speed of light. See Maxwell's equations.

The direction of the electric field, the direction of the magnetic field, and the direction of propagation accompanied by electromagnetic waves are perpendicular to each other, so electromagnetic waves are transverse waves. When its energy step transitions past the critical point of radiation, it radiates outward in the form of light. At this stage, the wave body is a photon, and pleasant stellar light is a visible form of radiation of electromagnetic waves, which do not rely on the medium to propagate, and the propagation speed in a vacuum is equal to the speed of light. Electromagnetic radiation ranges from low to high frequencies. It is mainly divided into: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X-rays and gamma rays. The electromagnetic waves that can be received by the human eye are called visible light (wavelength 380~780nm). The amount of electromagnetic radiation is temperature-dependent, and is usually present in substances or particles above absolute zero. The higher the temperature, the greater the amount of radiation, but most of it cannot be observed by the naked eye.

Frequency is an important property of electromagnetic waves. These electromagnetic waves are arranged in order of frequency. It's the electromagnetic spectrum. If the frequencies of each band are arranged from low to high, they are radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and γ rays.

In general, electromagnetic waves with electromagnetic radiation characteristics refer to radio waves, microwaves, infrared rays, visible light, and ultraviolet rays. X-rays and γ rays are generally considered to be radioactive radiation properties from a scientific point of view. Electromagnetic waves are a type of energy, and any object above absolute zero emits electromagnetic waves. And the higher the temperature, the shorter the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted. Just as people live in the air all the time but can't see the air with their eyes, people can't see electromagnetic waves other than light waves. Electromagnetic wave is such a "friend" that human beings have never met. The electromagnetic field consists of two aspects: electric field and magnetic field, and its characteristics are expressed by electric field strength E (or displacement D) and magnetic flux density B (or magnetic field strength H), respectively. According to Maxwell's theory of electromagnetic fields, these two parts are closely interdependent. A time-varying electric field causes a magnetic field, and a time-varying magnetic field causes an electric field. When the field source of the electromagnetic field changes with time, the electric field and the magnetic field excite each other to guide the movement of the electromagnetic field to form electromagnetic waves. The propagation speed of electromagnetic waves is equal to the speed of light, and in free space, it is c = 3×108 m/s. The travel of electromagnetic waves is also accompanied by the delivery of power.

Electromagnetic field is a special form of matter, which has the main properties of general matter, such as mass, energy, momentum, etc. Objectively, there is always a unified electromagnetic field that has nothing to do with the observation conditions, and it is relative to the two parts of the electric field and the magnetic field, which is related to the test conditions.

Spherical waves, cylindrical waves and plane wavesFor electromagnetic waves that change sinusoidally with time, according to the different situations where the equal phase of the electric field intensity E and the magnetic field strength H (i.e., the wave front) is a spherical, cylindrical or flat surface, electromagnetic waves are divided into spherical waves, cylindrical waves and plane waves.

Transverse electromagnetic waves, transverse radio waves, and transverse magnetic waves, in which their electric and magnetic fields are all in the plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation, are called transverse electromagnetic waves, referred to as TEM waves. An electromagnetic wave that contains an electric field in the plane perpendicular to the wave's propagation direction is called a transverse wave. Abbreviated as TE wave. Electromagnetic waves that are in a plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave with only a magnetic field are called transverse magnetic waves, or TM waves for short.

The electromagnetic spectrum is arranged in the order of the wavelength λ or frequency f (λf=c=3×108m/s) of sinusoidal electromagnetic waves in free space, which is called the electromagnetic wave spectrum. For convenience. The spectrum is often divided into frequency bands or bands, as shown in the table. Above 300GHz. Then it enters the far-infrared, visible, X-ray and γ-ray regions. Electromagnetic waves are a form of motion in an electromagnetic field. Electricity and magnetism can be said to be two sides of the same coin, changing

The electric field of change produces a magnetic field (i.e., an electric current produces a magnetic field), and a changing magnetic field produces an electric field. The changing electric field and the changing magnetic field constitute an inseparable and unified field, which is the electromagnetic field, and the propagation of the changing electromagnetic field in space forms electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic changes are like water waves generated by the breeze blowing on the water surface, so they are called electromagnetic waves, also known as radio waves.

Electromagnetic waves were first developed by James. Maxwell predicted it in 1865 and was later predicted by the German physicist Heinrich Brown. Hertz confirmed the existence of Zài in the real yàn between 1887 and 1888. Maxwell derived the equation for electromagnetic waves. A wave equation that clearly shows the wave nature of electric and magnetic fields. Because the electromagnetic wave equation predicts that the speed of the electromagnetic wave is equal to the measured value of the speed of light, Maxwell deduced that light waves are also electromagnetic waves. When the frequency of electromagnetic waves is low, they are mainly transmitted by means of tangible conductors. The reason is that in the low-frequency electrical oscillation, the mutual change between magnetism and electricity is relatively slow, and almost all of its energy is returned to the original circuit without energy radiating out. When the frequency of electromagnetic waves is high, they can be transmitted in free space, or they can be transmitted in a tangible conductor. The reason for the transfer in free space is that in high-frequency electrical oscillations, the magnetoelectric interchange is very fast, and it is impossible for all the energy to return to the original oscillation circuit. Therefore, electrical energy and magnetic energy propagate to space in the form of electromagnetic waves with the periodic changes of electric and magnetic fields, and energy can be transmitted outward without a medium, which is a kind of radiation. For example, pleasant stars are very far away from terrestrial planets. But when we are outdoors, we can still feel the light and heat of the sun, which is like the principle of "electromagnetic radiation transmits energy through the phenomenon of radiation".

Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves. The magnetic field, the electric field, and the direction of travel of an electromagnetic wave are perpendicular to each other. The amplitude alternates periodically along the perpendicular direction of propagation. Its intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, and the wave itself drives the energy. The energy power at any position is proportional to the square of the amplitude.

Its velocity is equal to the speed of light c(3×10^8m/s). Electromagnetic waves propagating in space have the same direction of intensity as the nearest electric field (magnetic field). The distance between the two points of the maximum magnitude is the wavelength λ of the electromagnetic wave, and the number of electromagnetic changes per second is the frequency f. The relationship between the three can be described by the formula c=λf.

The propagation of electromagnetic waves does not require a medium, and electromagnetic waves of the same frequency have different velocities in different media. When electromagnetic waves of different frequencies propagate in the same medium, the higher the frequency, the greater the refractive index, and the smaller the velocity. And electromagnetic waves can only propagate in a straight line in the same uniform medium, if the same medium is inhomogeneous, the refractive index of electromagnetic waves in it is different, and in such a medium it propagates along a curve. When passing through different media, refraction, reflection, diffraction, scattering, absorption, and so on occur. The propagation of electromagnetic waves includes ground waves that propagate along the ground, air waves that propagate from the air, and sky waves. The longer the wavelength, the less attenuation, and the longer the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, the easier it is to continue to propagate around obstacles. Both mechanical and electromagnetic waves can be refracted and reflected, diffracted and interfered with because all waves are wavering. Diffraction, refraction, reflection, and interference are all wave properties. The energy of the electromagnetic wave is determined by the Poyinting vector, i.e., S=E×H, where s is the Poyinting vector, E is the electric field strength, and H is magnetic

Field strength. E, H, and S form a right-hand spiral relationship perpendicular to each other; That is, S represents the electromagnetic energy per unit time flowing perpendicular to it, and the unit is W/m2.

Electromagnetic waves have energy, and electromagnetic waves are a substance. In 1864, the British scientist Maxwell established a complete theory of electromagnetic waves on the basis of summarizing the electromagnetic phenomena studied by his predecessors. He concluded that electromagnetic waves have the same speed as light. In 1887, the German physicist Hertz confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves with real yàn. Later, in 1898, Marconi carried out many more calculations, not only proving that light is an electromagnetic wave, but also discovering more forms of electromagnetic waves, which are exactly the same in nature, but with great differences in wavelength and frequency.

The electromagnetic spectrum is when these electromagnetic waves are arranged in the order of wavelength or frequency. If the frequencies of each band are arranged from low to high, they are power frequency electromagnetic waves, radio waves (divided into long-wave, medium-wave, short-wave, and microwave), infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-ray, and γ-ray. The wavelength of radio is the longest, and the wavelength of cosmic rays (X-rays, γ-rays, and rays with shorter wavelengths) is the shortest.

First of all, radio waves are used for communications, etc., microwaves are used for microwave ovens, infrared is used for remote control, thermal imagers, infrared guided missiles, etc., visible light is the basis for most living beings to observe things, ultraviolet light is used for medical disinfection, verification of counterfeit banknotes, measurement of distances, engineering flaw detection, etc., X-rays are used for CT photography, gamma rays are used for treatment, so that atoms can jump to produce new rays, etc. The human body is a conductor, and like all conductors, when the human body is exposed to radio currents and microwave radiation, it produces an electric current, which causes the human body to heat up. Generally speaking, the radio waves and microwaves in the space we are in are relatively weak, and the heat caused by them is very small and completely negligible.

The infrared and visible light emitted by the pleasant star is the strongest electromagnetic radiation in nature and the strongest source of electromagnetic radiation in our environment, and infrared and visible light can cause heat in the surface of the human body. In addition to radiating infrared and visible light, pleasant stars also emit large amounts of high-energy ultraviolet rays, which are also beneficial to the human body, but too strong ultraviolet rays can burn the skin and may also induce skin cancer.

X-rays and gamma rays are high-energy electromagnetic radiation, which can directly destroy the molecular structure of molecules in the human body, including the structure of proteins and DNA, thereby causing lesions in the human body and causing various cancers.

If the damage caused by high-energy electromagnetic radiation to the human body is not exposed to radiation again before it has time to repair itself, the damage will accumulate and become a permanent illness or life-threatening over time. For groups exposed to high-energy electromagnetic radiation for a long time, even if the power is small and the frequency is very low, it will induce unexpected lesions. The nervous system is very sensitive to the effect of electromagnetic radiation, and after its low-intensity repeated action, the function of the central nervous system changes, and neurasthenia syndrome appears, mainly including headache, dizziness, weakness, memory loss, sleep disorders (insomnia, dreaminess or drowsiness), daytime dozing, irritability, sweating, palpitations, chest tightness, hair loss, etc., especially difficulty falling asleep, weakness, hyperhidrosis and memory loss are more prominent, which indicates that the brain is dominated by the inhibition process, so the victim has the above symptoms in addition to the above symptoms, It is also shown that there is short-term memory loss, and the visuomotor response time is prolonged; The hand-brain coordination is poor, and the speed of marking numbers on the table is slowed down, and there are many errors. =========================================================================================================================================================================================================( To be continued ......)