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Chapter 197: The Nature of Reform

Thanks to book friends: the 50th monthly ticket voted by "Ai Shu".

There is not much increase in monthly passes today, have you forgotten that there is such a thing as a monthly pass? The monthly pass can make me excited, but it can also make me miss *points, so let's give it some.

Fertilizer factories do not support idlers, this is the focus of Zhu Daidong emphasized at the meeting, fertilizer factories to re-produce, deepen reform, restructuring is inevitable, although this may be very painful, but just like the pain before the redemption, the pain is excessive, but the pain is excessive, that is, happiness comes.

Regarding China's reform, Zhu Daidong was also confused at first. What kind of historical period is China in? What is the essence of China's reforms? This question was clear in the early days of the reform. However, with the deepening of the reform, more and more people have been involved in it, and with the wheels of history rolling together, there are no longer bystanders to events, and understanding has been marked with emotions, interests, situations, and positions.

As a result, the clear picture ceased to be clear and began to blur. In this process, most intellectuals consciously or unconsciously act as spokesmen for various interests, unable or unwilling to jump out. This is also the reason why there are fake experts, or experts who tell lies, consciously or unconsciously act as the vanguard of others for their own interests. From the beginning of reform and opening up to the present, the diversity of ideas was born from this, and I don't know the true face of Lushan, only because I am in this mountain.

China's reforms really began with the end of the Taizu dynasty, and like all highly centralized state apparatus, the shortcomings of this highly centralized planned economy model gradually became apparent after a brief period of rapid economic growth in the 1950s with its strong resource mobilization capacity. On the one hand, the efficiency of highly concentrated resource mobilization depends on the cohesion and dedication of the people, but this state of "intoxication" of the people is unsustainable and can only work for a while.

With the concentrated use of power comes the corruption of power itself and the gradual cooling and dissipation of the people's will, and the economic operation has fallen into incorrigible inefficiency, for example, there are nearly 2,000 people in the fertilizer factory, and there are less than 600 actual officers, and the dirty, hard, and tiring work is still done by temporary workers, and it is not surprising that a shortage economy has been born.

On the other hand, this highly centralized egalitarian mode of operation, due to the lack of class differentiation, obstructs the social division of labor, and the value-added efficiency of its economic activities is so low that when the power of resource mobilization is used to a limit, economic growth is weak, the engine of economic development is stalled, and no new impetus can be found. As a result, the country is poor and the people are poor, and the gap between the country and the world's advanced level is getting farther and farther.

This is also why, in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the fertilizer factory would be so prosperous, when the enthusiasm of the working class was really from the heart, but with the passage of time, cohesion and dedication were slowly replaced by self-interest. A lot of resources are wasted, personnel efficiency is extremely low, and all enterprises are dependent on the country, making the pace of China's giant slower and slower, and it is not surprising that China is becoming more and more backward compared to the development of other countries.

It was in this midst of this heaviness that the chief designer began his reforms. Zhu Daidong admired the chief designer, and he had made great efforts to study the theory of the chief design. As a realist politician, the old man is not a historical teleologist, and he does not believe in any inevitable laws of history or universal paths. He only proceeded from the lessons of mankind and chose a realistic and feasible path for China at that time, a development model that could get out of the predicament.

This was the beginning of China's reform and social transformation

The transformation strategy of the old man was developed at the beginning of the reform in 1979, and gradually matured and became clear in practice, and finally came to fruition when he made a speech during his southern tour the year before last. Since then, China's path ahead has been clear, too clear to be misunderstood. It is also difficult for latecomers to reverse this process, and only limited adjustments and corrections can be made on this basis.

This transformation strategy can be summarized as: reform with the economy first and the government slowing down. This is also why Zhu Daidong is bent on economic work, and he is not talking about it. The essence of economic reform is: in the allocation of resources, replace the planned economy with a market economy; In the form of property rights, the private economy replaces the public economy; In the distribution of wealth, egalitarianism is replaced by class differentiation; In terms of the political system, the current one-d dictatorship will be replaced by democracy.

Zhu Daidong believes that this is the only feasible way for China to find a new way in the baptism of blood and tears after decades of madness, confusion, and the pain of hitting a wall. Among them, except for the first meaning of economic reform, the other three layers are still suitable for doing and not talking about today.

But as long as the first point is admitted, the back... It's the necessity of logic. These four are four in one and are inseparable. It is not conceivable that in reality it will be possible to operate a market economy with public ownership or an egalitarian market economy.

Since the private economy is to be born from public ownership, the tilt and concentration of wealth distribution are inevitable; Since egalitarianism is to be transformed into a class society, the differentiation between the rich and the poor is inevitable. In a country like China, where the overall economic development process is not high, this kind of transformation and differentiation will inevitably require some people to bear the sacrifice and suffer for the whole society to straighten out the structure and move forward lightly.

If we continue to tie everyone together as we have done before, we will only be able to repeat the old egalitarian path of the past. This may be in line with the temporary wishes of many people, but for society as a whole, it is just a chronic suicide of drinking doves to quench thirst. Therefore, the temporary pain of childbirth during the transition period is inevitable and the price that must be paid for the birth of a new life.

For the current fertilizer factory, Zhu Daidong's reform is not the most painful, after all, he has not introduced the private economy into the public economy. Although Zhu Daidong has already seen that it is a historical necessity for private ownership to replace public ownership, at this stage, it would be too shocking to propose that private enterprises should be allowed to enter state-owned enterprises. Don't say that the people in the fertilizer factory will not support themselves, I am afraid that even the county party committee and county government will not support themselves. It's not good, I, the deputy county magistrate, have to say goodbye to everyone.

Zhu Daidong doesn't think that this is because everyone is drunk and he is sober, China has never lacked capable people, and even Guo Linan and Wang Lijun know these things, but there are some things that can't be done best now. , not to mention that.

That's why, as the reform deepens, most people begin to feel bitter and resentful. If a few pay the price and the majority benefit, class differentiation and the private economy will still not be able to be nurtured due to aggregate constraints, the social division of labor will still be hindered, economic growth will still not be able to gain the necessary momentum, and society will still only be able to operate on the original track. Therefore, economic transformation is a hurdle that China cannot afford to overcome today. Only by enduring the pain can we give birth to the hope and future of the whole society.

What makes Zhu Daidong a little frustrated is that his current approach is a little too ideal. In the breeding farm of Shuling, he tied up all the farmers in the township in order to make a profit for the whole township. There is also the Lion Rock Furniture Factory, he also let the whole township farmers invest, at that time it was just his own subconscious behavior, in the city party school, he systematically studied the theory of the general design, all the anthologies, Zhu Daidong can even recite it backwards.

Now Zhu Daidong seems to be able to see the direction of reform, but he has changed the status quo of the current reform, rationally he knows that he should believe in the truth, but emotionally speaking, he hopes that the state-owned enterprises can regain their strength. It's not time to make a decision, and he wishes he could try more. When he was in the agricultural machinery factory, the county finance paid for it, and it was not good for him to make changes in the system. Although the nature of the machinery company has not changed, but there is more holding in the development zone, the machinery company will be more transparent in management, and it will also introduce the management system of modern enterprises.

As for the fertilizer factory, Zhu Daidong would like to adopt the practice of the machinery factory, introduce funds from other aspects, and even have other enterprises control the fertilizer factory. But before that, the fertilizer plant needs to practice the "internal strength" well. Now that Zhu Daidong has settled in the fertilizer factory, he is preparing to operate on the fertilizer plant.

Huang Hao is only the first step, the evidence of his guilt is easy to obtain, with Chang Huaiqing coming forward, Zhu Daidong believes that if he does not make a move, it is impossible for Huang Hao to return to the fertilizer factory. But for other leaders in the factory, corruption and suspension are inevitable, and those who are not suitable for their current positions will also be transferred to the positions that are most suitable for them.

"Survival of the fittest, competition for posts", this is Zhu Daidong's first reform of the new fertilizer plant, in accordance with industry standards, combined with the actual production of the fertilizer plant, set up 400 specific positions, clear job conditions and job responsibilities, all the list announced, and to all cadres and workers of the whole plant issued a letter of self-recommendation for job competition, the implementation of two-way choice, competition for posts.

In just 5 days, the factory received a total of 1031 self-recommendation forms. According to the comprehensive evaluation, the leading group of competition for recruitment, composed of Zhu Daidong and the fertilizer factory, selected 24 workshop and department heads, and then authorized them to hire 376 employees according to the post setting plan. Ten days later, the list of 400 hired employees was officially announced, and they will re-sign contracts with the fertilizer one by one.

The contract also stipulates that the leasing party has the right to dismiss employees who violate discipline or disobey management and still do not correct after education. The fertilizer plant has also adopted a new distribution method for the labor remuneration of the hired personnel, and all wage standards are recorded in the file, and the income is linked to the actual performance of job skills, output, and consumption, and is assessed daily and distributed on a monthly basis. For the hard, dirty, and tiring work that was originally performed by temporary workers, a fixed amount of labor remuneration is adopted, and the employment and distribution methods are determined independently by teams and processes.