City-state: The inscription engraved on the inner wall of 'Xia Hou Ding' describes that Xia Hou Zhu moved the capital from the original east to Laoqiu, indicating one thing, the Xia Dynasty had a capital city.

Zhu sent people to crusade against Dongyi, and expanded his rule to the coast of the East China Sea, and the Dongyi tribe went to Zhu

Nagong congratulated, these few things show that the territory of the Xia Dynasty is very large, forming a very unified tribal alliance state.

Religious rituals: The inscription describes that the Xia people held a "retribution" for the '杼', and the tripod was often used as a ritual vessel in ancient times, and the existence of the tripod itself indicates that there were sacrifices in the Xia Dynasty.

Therefore, 'Xia Hou Zhu Ding' can't speak.

But it tells us a lot of information that has been buried by history.

In modern times, there has been a great deal of controversy over whether the Xia Dynasty recorded in the "Historical Records" existed.

In fact, not only was there a big controversy over whether the Xia Dynasty existed, but the Shang Dynasty was also very controversial.

Because the history of the Shang Dynasty is also untraceable.

Until the excavation of the oracle bone inscription in Yinxu, it directly proves the existence of the Shang Dynasty.

The study of the Xia Dynasty mainly relies on historical documents, such as "Historical Records", "Bamboo Book Chronicle", "Shangshu" and so on.

and the ruins of Yanshi Erlitou.

The Erlitou site is considered by some scholars to be a 'summer ruin'.

However, there are still some scholars who have doubts about 'Xia Xu'.

As we all know, there are four phases of the Erlitou site.

The first and second phases of its site unearthed are mainly some pottery, things without civilization signs, bronzes and writings, in fact, have not entered the civilization stage.

The next three and four phases entered the civilization stage, but according to the time, many people thought that the early Shang had nothing to do with the Xia Dynasty.

As for whether the Xia Dynasty existed in zài, there is a lack of archaeological physical examples and texts to show that it existed.

The search for evidence of the Xia Dynasty's existence has become the goal of Chinese scholars for nearly half a century.

For example, the 'Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasty Project', launched in '96, is one aspect of the efforts of Chinese scholars to find evidence of the existence of the Xia dynasty.

As a key national scientific and technological research project in the Ninth Five-Year Plan, this cultural project lasted for up to five years, involving history, archaeology, astronomy, and other disciplines, and directly involved 200 experts and scholars, which cost a huge amount.

Finally, it is a pity that due to the controversy over the conclusion, the 'Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasty Project' has not been accepted by the state.

Until now, there is still a very big controversy in the international academic community about whether the Xia Dynasty existed and whether the Xia Dynasty crossed the threshold of civilization.

Chen Rui's discovery of the 'Xia Hou Zhu Ding' in the ruins of Xia Cheng told the world an answer.

An answer to the question of ancient Chinese civilization.

Whether the Xia Dynasty existed zài.

Save zài!

There is no doubt about that.

Whether the Xia Dynasty has crossed the threshold of civilization.

Step in!

In fact, compared to the Middle Eastern civilizations, Egyptian civilizations, Greek civilizations, and Indian civilizations of the same period, the Xia Dynasty was a very advanced civilization.

The Xia Dynasty had a very complete, mature, and progressive official script, Xia Seal.

The Xia Dynasty had quite advanced bronze smelting technology and bronze casting technology, which was able to cast the 'Xia Hou Zhu Ding' with fine and complex ornamentation, exquisite and huge shape.

The Xia Dynasty was a relatively unified tribal federation state.

Xia is the name of a tribe composed of the Xia Hou clan, the Younan clan, the Bao clan, the Fei clan and other clans, headed by 'Xia Hou'.

The Xia Dynasty had a very complete religious ritual.

Put the 'Summer Queen Ding' in the pregnant Haizhu space.

Chen Rui left the space.

Continue to search for artifacts buried in the ruins of Summer City.

The next few days.

Chen Rui searched the ruins of the entire summer city.

To Chen Rui's great surprise, the scale of the Xia City ruins was not small.

There is a palace, there is a rammed earth pedestal that covers a wide area, there are corridors, courtyards, city gates, etc., the layout is rigorous, the scale is large, the city is wide and thick, and it is extremely magnificent.

Around the palace, there are a large number of foundations, cellars, tombs, kiln sites, water pools, ash pits, etc.

From the scale of the Xia city ruins and the layout of its city, it can be shown that the ancestors of the Xia Dynasty migrated here, and they brought advanced production technology and production tools with the Xia Dynasty, and independently developed a fairly advanced civilization here.

Chen Rui gained a lot in the ruins of Xia City, and the number of artifacts was very large.

Mainly bronze, jade, pottery.

I took a closer look.

Thousands of pieces of pottery were harvested, intact, and pottery fragments were not counted.

These pottery are more clay gray pottery and sand pottery, followed by black pottery and brown pottery, and only a few pieces of red pottery.

The shape of the vessel is mainly used as the ding, jar and retort of the cooking utensils, the goose of the drinking utensils, the beans, the boilers, the bowls and the three-legged plates used as the food utensils, and the basins, urns and jars used as the containers are the most.

The ornamentation is mainly basket pattern, checkered pattern, and rope pattern, which has the characteristics of pottery typical of the Neolithic period.

Not only that, on the basis of the Neolithic pottery process, the ancestors of the Xia Dynasty innovated and improved, and the pottery process has achieved great development and progress.

For example, the pottery of the Xia Dynasty was prevalent in adding decorations to the surface for several weeks with additional pile patterns, scratches, and string patterns.

The ornamentation is exquisite, forming a unique artistic style of gray pottery in the Xia Dynasty, which is cold and mysterious and solemn and heavy.

In terms of modeling, it is mainly folded along the flat bottom, three-bottomed foot, and circled foot, which is rich and diverse.

Thousands of bronzes.

There are a variety of categories, not only tools (knives, chisels, cones, fish hooks, weapons (Ge, Qi, Yuan), but also containers such as jue, horns, and tripods, and ceremonial instruments such as copper bells.

The discovery of these rich and diverse bronze artifacts marked the true beginning of civilization.

Hundreds of pieces of jade.

The production tools include jade axes, jade shovels, and jade cities.

Ornaments include tubes, beads, pewter-shaped vessels, turquoise ornaments, and turquoise animal face pattern steel plaques.

Ceremonial utensils include Ge, uranium, gui, knives, tooth bays, handle ornaments, etc.

Many ancient documents reflect that the Xia Dynasty was a country that admired jade civilization, "jade worship", "jade can show gods", "jade was the banner of the call at that time, and it was also the law of the control department."

That's true.

The hundreds of jade artifacts Chen Rui found in the ruins of Xia City strongly prove this.

In addition to pottery, bronze, jade.

Some stone tools, horse-drawn carriages, etc. have also been found in the ruins of Xia Cheng.

Among the artifacts found.

It is not an exaggeration to say that there are three important weapons of the country.

Two bronzes and one jade.

The two bronzes are a bronze plate and a bronze sword.

Bronze plate, rounded, shallow belly, double appendages, high hoop feet. The abdomen is decorated with a crest, the circle foot is decorated with animal face patterns, the thunder pattern is filled with ground, and the circle foot has a folded edge.

The inner bottom is cast with an inscription of 24 lines, 517 characters.

Chen Rui interpreted it word by word with reference to pictographs, oracle bone inscriptions, and Zhou seals.

113 words were solved.

Chen Rui understood the meaning of the inscription.

This is an inscription of praise.

The inscription praises the merits of Yu, Qi, Taikang, Zhongkang, Xiang, Shaokang, Zhu, Huai, and Mang.

In the inscription, Yu's exploits are mentioned, "control the flood and stabilize the world", "conquer the three seedlings", "formulate a calendar, guide agricultural production", and "divide the country into Kyushu".

It is worth Chen Rui's attention that in the inscription praising Yu's exploits, it is mentioned that Dayu will be the gold offered by all parties and cast into nine big tripods, and the tripods are cast with the famous objects of mountains and rivers in various states, rare birds and beasts.

In other words, Yuzhu Jiuding is not a myth and legend, but a real thing.