Chapter 68: Shaolin Buddhism
Shaolin Temple, was founded in the Northern Wei Dynasty Taihe 19 years that is, that is, 495 AD, also known as the monk temple, has the reputation of "Zen ancestral court, the first temple in the world", is the first temple of Zen Buddhism in China. 32 years after the establishment of the temple, the Buddhist monk Bodhidharma came to Shaolin Temple to teach Zen Buddhism, and built a temple for the Buddha in Shaomu Mountain to provide food and clothing. The temple is located in the dense forest at the foot of Shaolin Mountain, so it is called Shaolin Temple. Since then, the monastery has gradually expanded, the number of monks has increased, and the reputation of Shaolin Temple has increased.
Since the establishment of Shaolin Temple, it has experienced a tortuous history of several scraps. In the third year of Jiande in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Emperor Wu banned the Buddha in 574 AD, and the temple was destroyed. Rebuilt in the year of the elephant, renamed Zhiyun Temple, 120 people such as Huiyuan and Hong Zun lived in the temple, named "Bodhisattva monk". The Sui Dynasty flourished Buddhism, and the imperial decree restored the name of Shaolin, and gave Baiguwu a hundred hectares of fertile land, becoming a major Zen temple in the north. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, when Li Shimin, the king of Qin, eliminated Wang Shichong's separatist forces, he was assisted by the monks, and the Shaolin monks became famous. Gaozong and Wu Zetian also often visited the temple and rewarded them generously. During the Tang Huichang period, Wuzong banned the Buddha, most of the temple was destroyed, until the end of the Tang Dynasty five dynasties, the temple gradually declined. The Song Dynasty was slightly repaired. In the first year of Emperor Yuanqing, in 1312 A.D., the ancestor ordered the monk Fuyu to abbot Shaolin, and was awarded the title of the Great Sikong Kaifu Yi Tong Sansi, leading all the temples in Songshan. At one time, Chinese and foreign monks gathered, performing martial arts and worshipping Buddha, and there were often about 2,000 monks.
At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the peasants revolted, the Red Turban Army was at least in the forest, and the monks fled. In the Ming Dynasty, eight princes came to the temple to become monks, and the scale of the temple developed after repeated edicts. The emperors of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty also cared about the Shaolin Temple, or wrote the plaque or toured the temple. In 1928, due to the war, many buildings, Buddha statues, and ritual utensils such as the Tianwang Hall and the Daxiong Hall were destroyed. There are mountain gates, guest halls, Dharma Pavilions, White Clothes Palaces, Dizang Palaces and Thousand Buddha Palaces in the temple. There are five hundred Arhat Dynasty murals in the Ming Dynasty in the Thousand Buddha Hall. Next to the temple, there is a tower that was built in the seventh year of Tang Zhenyuan and 791 A.D., there are more than 220 towers, as well as the first ancestor hermitage, the second ancestor hermitage, and the nearby Tang Faru Tower, Tongguang Tower, the Fahua Tower of the Five Dynasties, the Yuan Dynasty Yuangong Tower, etc. The temple preserves a lot of stele stone carvings since the Tang Dynasty, such as "Tang Taizong gave Shaolin Tablet", "Wu Zetian Poetry Book Tablet", "Ring Altar Inscription", "Shaolin Temple Tablet", "Lingyun Zen Master Tower Tablet", "Yugong Monk Tablet", "Xi'an Zen Master Daoxing Tablet" and so on.
The Shaolin Temple was large in size during its heyday. In 1928, the warlords fought in a scuffle, and Shi Yousan burned the Shaolin Temple, destroying the main buildings such as the Tianwang Palace, the Daxiong Treasure Palace, the Dharma Hall and the Bell Tower. Many precious scriptures, temple records, and boxing books were burned to ashes. The existing mountain gate, Lixue Pavilion, Thousand Buddha Hall, etc., and other buildings are being restored one after another.
When Long Dan came to Shaolin Temple, he couldn't help but be amazed by the grandeur of Shaolin. Especially in recent years, Shaolin martial arts have been admired all over the world, and Shaolin has shined. The scale of Shaolin Temple is expanding day by day, the industry of Shaolin Temple is also increasing, it is said that the annual income of tickets alone has reached hundreds of millions, there is a legend that Shaolin Temple wants to be packaged and listed, and then because of a heavyweight in the country, Shaolin Temple is exempt from entering the market too deeply. only to retain a little bit of the taste of monkhood.
Long Dan entered the temple, it took a lot of twists and turns to see the abbot presiding over the empty master, to Long Dan's surprise, the empty master did not have a little solemn appearance, if it were not for a robe to wear on the body, Long Dan thought that the empty master was a successful business person, not a famous monk.
Long Dan explained his identity to the empty master, saying that he was the apprentice of the old man. The empty master was enthusiastic, and hurriedly settled Long Dan, and sent someone to invite the bearded old man over, so that the master and apprentice could meet, and Long Dan thanked him repeatedly. The empty master was very kind, and said to the old man: "You have taught a good apprentice, I heard that I was hired by the Wudang Taoist Temple as a teacher, and I also made a junior disciple of the Qingxu Zhaomen, what a famous teacher is a high apprentice", the old man smiled: "The empty master is smiling, the little apprentice has a small success, it is nothing, you are a Buddhist master, I want to ask you for advice, the master is not stingy?" The empty master also smiled: "When it comes to martial arts, the old man doesn't pay much attention to it, if it comes to Buddhism, I have some opinions, and I can discuss it with the dragon donor." Long Dan saw that the master was so modest, so he said: "The junior has asked for advice, I have always been half-understanding of Buddhism, and I hope that the master can accept me as a student." Seeing that Long Dan was very interested in Buddhism, he also had a good impression of Long Dan, and said: "You are the junior brother of Wudang Qingxu's bull's nose, if I become your master, wouldn't I be a generation higher than him, and I will look good when I see Qingxu." Let me look at it this way: I will also accept you as an apprentice on behalf of the teacher, how about you being a lay disciple of my Shaolin? When he said this, he looked at the bearded old man and said it. Accept other people's apprentices as apprentices, but you have to ask other people's masters. The bearded old man said openly: "It's rare to be loved by the master, I have no opinions, and I don't have those bad rules and customs on the rivers and lakes; As long as the master does not dislike it, it is also the creation of the Dragon Pill."
Next, the empty master gave Long Dan a simple ceremony of ordination, according to the rules of Shaolin Temple, Long Dan should also be the "Lao" character generation, just like that, Long Dan became one of the few "Lao" characters in Shaolin Temple. In this way, it won't be long before Long Dan's name will spread throughout the eight sects and ten sects, and a figure who has been accepted as an apprentice by the contemporaries of the head of Shaolin Wudang, it is difficult to think of fame.
Long Dan became the junior brother of the head of Shaolin, so he naturally had to show his ability to convince people, otherwise he would be looked down upon. With the consent of the bearded old man, Long Dan competed with the hall masters of various halls of Shaolin Temple one after another, and Long Dan was defeated and had the upper hand. Long Dan is very subtle in his kung fu competition with them, as long as he remains undefeated, he rarely makes others ugly. After a round of comparison, Long Dan's popularity increased greatly, and the hall masters all praised Long Dan, saying that Long Dan was not strong but arrogant, and he was a character. In the end, the abbot was also very itchy, and he practiced 5 or 6 hundred moves with Long Dan before he enjoyed it. In the end, I admired Long Dan's true qi kung fu very much, and now I looked at Long Dan differently. After carefully inquiring about Long Dan's experience, he was even more embarrassed, lamenting that Long Dan was a genius. has been indulging in the flashy society for decades, and kung fu is still such a spirit, and I can't help but be very envious of the old man's true kung fu. The bearded old man naturally wouldn't tell others about his unique kung fu casually, just smiled and said nothing, his eyes looked at Long Dan, Long Dan understood, and said: "Empty master, if you don't dislike it, we will discuss and discuss in the future", empty master is full of promise.
Long Dan lived in Shaolin Temple, studied Buddhism with the master every day, and learned skills with the master in his free time. If the master didn't have time to accompany him, Long Dan would go to the Scripture Pavilion to read the collection of books after obtaining the abbot's consent. After a period of time, Long Dan had a great understanding of Shaolin's Buddhism.
Shaolin Buddhist Zen is "meditation", and Buddhism calls quiet contemplation meditation. It was Patriarch Bodhidharma who proposed a new meditation method, which denied the hierarchical level of Sanskrit practice and the practice of successive generations, and advocated that everyone has Buddha nature, that is, "nature", and that everyone has the wisdom to become a Buddha by being born with the wisdom of becoming a Buddha, that is, "Bodhi", and everyone can become a Buddha through guò enlightenment, although it is difficult to predict when they will suddenly become enlightened. The reason why sentient beings fail to become Buddhas is because they are not aware of their own nature. Once "the fog is cleared and the sky is clear", the mind is clear, and the nature is the Buddha, and the Buddha becomes an ordinary person who raises his eyes.
Zen Buddhism was transmitted to the Tang Dynasty, and the six ancestors Hui Neng put forward the idea of epiphany, and even zazen was exempted, believing that epiphany does not require leaving real life, "lifting feet and feet, growing in the dojo, is the heart is love, and returning to the sea of nature", "carrying water and chopping wood is nothing more than a wonderful way", and you can become a Buddha with epiphany in daily labor and life. Shaolin Kung Fu originated in the daily life of monks. Legend has it that when his disciple Huiguang was twelve years old, he was able to kick the shuttlecock 500 times on the well railing. Kicking a shuttlecock on the well fence is very dangerous, and you can fall into the well if you don't get home. Many of the moves of Shaolin Kung Fu were developed and refined by monks inspired by their daily tasks such as carrying water, sweeping the floor, collecting firewood, and lighting fires. The deepest kung fu is actually the most ordinary kung fu. Known as the source of Shaolin Kung Fu, the "Yi Jin Jing" records a kind of kung fu that dredges the meridians of the human body to strengthen the muscles and bones. Bodhidharma adopts the method of wall view to participate in meditation, long-term meditation, sleepiness is inevitable, and it is necessary to get up from time to time to move the muscles and bones. According to legend, after the Mo left, the Shaolin monks found an iron box in the cave, which had no lock on it, but could not be opened. As soon as the wise monk roasted it with fire, the tin box was opened, and it turned out that the tin box was sealed with wax to prevent steam erosion. There are two books in the iron box, one is the "Yijin Sutra" and the other is called "The Washing of the Pulp Sutra", both of which are written in Sanskrit. At that time, only the second ancestor Hui Ke really understood Sanskrit in Shaolin Temple. Hui Ke left the "Yijin Sutra" in Shaolin, and took the "Washing the Marrow Sutra" to travel the world. There are also some monks in the temple who know little about Sanskrit, you translate him, and practice according to the law, so that later Shaolin kung fu is like a cow's hair. Later, a monk took the "Yijin Sutra" to Mount Emei and saw the Tianzhu monk's secret truth. With the help of the Plain Truth, the Yi Jin Jing was published in Chinese. Hui Ke returned from his wanderings and brought back his own translation of the "Washing the Marrow Sutra". When everyone compared the two, they found that the "Yijin Sutra" and the "Pulp Washing Sutra" were originally one. Since the advent of the "Yijin Sutra", Shaolin monks have been inseparable from sitting meditation and martial arts.