There are also many famous souvenirs in Nagasaki.

Tortoiseshell handicrafts are Nagasaki's most representative handicrafts, and women's jewelry, such as earrings, necklaces, bracelets, hairpins, etc., are particularly distinguished by their intricate processing and transparent color.

Glass products are also very popular, and their bright and clear colors, combined with a delicate and smooth touch, are delicate and beautiful crafts. "BEDORO" IS DERIVED FROM THE FRANC WORD "VIDRO".

Because the temperature of glass production is 1200-1600 degrees Celsius, and there is a certain degree of difficulty in firing transparent glass, the glass of Fuso at this time comes from the Languo Shokan, and the craftsmen of Fuso buy the glass and then carry out secondary processing - adding color and reshaping, famous glass products such as Edo Kiriko in Edo and Petalo in Nagasaki.

"Unzen-yaki" is glazed with soil and stone from "Unzen Hell" (volcano), and has a quaint local atmosphere.

Koga dolls resemble Chinese clay figurines, in the form of people or animals.

Nagasaki produces a wide variety of kites, especially the "Grimace Kite" in Iki, which is famous for its colorful and unique shapes.

Mikawauchi ceramics and Hasaami ceramics have a long history. One of the characteristics of Sankawauchi ceramics is that the products are made delicately and gracefully with openwork craftsmanship, which has a strong decorative effect. In addition, the unique pure white and delicate blue glaze pattern are also distinctive. Hasami ceramics are mainly used for dining, and the colors are light and elegant, and the production is exquisite. These ceramics are offered as tributes to the shogun and other adults.

Nagasaki has a long coastline that produces corals and pearls, which are also precious at this time.

Naoxiu stayed for two days, didn't find stalking and suspicious characters, and felt safe, so he took two students to pick up the book. Dr. De Vries's disciple is called Nakamura Taichi, who opened a Lan medical clinic, and it is said that he is quite famous in the local area, and Naohide met him smoothly, and after talking, he also successfully got the book when he was looking for a chance to be alone, and a bulging package. Because he would have to keep in touch with De Vries through Nakamura in the future, Naohide's thank-you gifts were quite valuable, including a beautifully made Japanese fan and two recently released volumes of Rangaku's medical books.

Back in the cage, Naoxiu sorted out the books and found that most of the books booked were bought except for one book, and he couldn't help but breathe a sigh of relief, it seems that the Lan Guo Commercial Hall is still relatively friendly to Lan scholars at present.

At first, Naohide wanted to subscribe to a lot of books, a total of thirty-three books, but later Naohide only submitted a list of ten books to Dr. De Vries, and there were two reasons for cutting so many numbers: first, these books were not easy to collect in Asia, and the Languo Merchant Hall would not make such a big effort to help a low-level samurai; The second is the subtle mentality of the Lan people towards the Lan scholars.

After Dr. Siebold was expelled from Fuso and returned to Languo, he first opened a private exhibition hall by himself, and later the royal family of Languo bought most of the exhibits to open an official exhibition hall with the theme of Fuso, and many visitors expressed their impressions and opinions of Fuso's backwardness and barbarism - because at that time, the continent of Europa was the most developed in the world, and the Europa people generally despised Asian countries.

The staff of the Languo Commercial Center also have a subtle and ambivalent attitude towards the Fuso people. Lan Guo was also once the "world hegemon", and his ancestors were also broad.

In 1568, the Lans broke out in the Eighty Years' War against the Kingdom of Spanias (Spain), which lasted for 80 years, and in July 1581, the United Republic of the Netherlands was proclaimed, and in 1588 it was expanded to seven provinces to unite and declare the United Republic of the Netherlands, and the war continued until 1648, when King Philip IV of Spain conceded defeat and signed the Treaty of Münster, recognizing the United Republic of the Netherlands in the Seven Low Provinces.

During the Netherlands, it developed into a seafaring and trading power in the 17th century, with more merchant ships than all European countries combined, and was known as the "coachman of the sea". By the middle of the 17th century, the trade volume related to the Lan country accounted for half of the total trade volume of the Europa continent, and more than 10,000 merchant ships flying the tricolor flag of the Lan country cruised on the five oceans of the world, when there were about 20,000 merchant ships in Europa, and there were about 15,000 ships in the Lan country, this period is the "golden age" that the Lan people will never forget.

In September 1688, a large fleet sailed from the port of Amsterdam to the island of Great Britain, carrying William III, the supreme consul of the Netherlands, and 20,000 Dutch soldiers. From this time on, the hegemony of world navigation began to shift from the Netherlands to Great Britain.

The defeat in the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War in the late 18th century completely deprived the Netherlands of its status as a maritime power. From 1780 to 1784, England unilaterally abolished the various treaties of the Anglo-Dutch alliance led by William III in 1780 on the grounds that the Netherlands supported the establishment of the United States, and launched the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War.

Later, in 1794, France sent troops to occupy the Netherlands, and the whole territory was occupied by Napoleon's troops in the winter, and the Dutch native fleet, which had once roamed the seas, was frozen in Denherd, and finally defeated by ragged French cavalry from the frozen sea. In 1810, the Netherlands was annexed to France, and it was not until 1814 that the Sixth Anti-French Coalition defeated France and Emperor Napoleon abdicated, and the Netherlands successfully seceded from France, and the Kingdom of the Netherlands was established again the following year.

In the difficult days of the Netherlands, Batavia, which was founded by the Netherlands in the Far East, was also annexed by the French in 1806, and it is an exaggeration to say that the only place in the world where the Dutch tricolor flag was still flying freely was Dejima, which carried the last pride of the Dutch people.

In fact, the shogunate refused the request of the battleship Phaeton to take over Dejima in the fifth year of culture (1808) mainly because of the closure of the country, but objectively it did protect the people of Dejima.

The feelings of the Lan people towards Fuso are very complicated, both the historical origin of Dejima and the harvest of trade profits, but as a Europa at this time, it is inevitable that there is condescending contempt. Fortunately, because of the strong merchant culture in the Lan Kingdom, the attitude of the Lan people towards the shogunate has always been very "deferential".

However, considering the life of Dejima, the staff of the Rankan were also dissatisfied with the shogunate. Being similarly imprisoned in a small place like Dejima, life is very painful, and basically no family members are willing to come to Fuso, so many Rankan staff have feelings with Fuso women and establish foreign families, but the rule of Languo at this time is that Fuso's spouse and local children cannot be brought back to Europa, so it has caused a lot of family breakdown and emotional torture. But for various reasons, Lan Guo was unwilling to give up leaving the island.

Dejima is the former spiritual holy place of Languo, representing the unyielding spirit of Languo, and as Languo's monopoly on the trade between the Europa continent and Fuso, it greatly maintains Languo's face as a "seafaring power".

At the same time, the profit margin of trade between the land and Fuso was very high, according to later generations, the annual net profit of the Orchid Pavilion in the island reached 40-500,000 Lan Dong, sometimes as high as 1 million Lan Dong, and these net profits were higher than the profits of any other Lan country in Asia.

This is only the net profit of the Dejima Merchant House, and the exchange of precious metals such as gold, silver, copper and other precious metals shipped from Fuso is more expensive outside of Fuso, according to Batavia's "Governor's Report" to the country, the exchange of precious metals increases the income of 600,000-720,000 guilders per year. (But after 1663, the situation changed, one is that the shogunate began to use the "inter-gold" system, when a small piece of gold was worth 5.8 taels of silver, but the shogunate required the Lan Koku Shokan to exchange it at 6.8 taels, and the difference was the inter-gold, but the Lan country could transport more goods of the same value as the inter-gold, so the inter-gold was also called compensation.) In addition, in order to save the finances, the shogunate minted a large number of bad coins, and the profit from the exchange of precious metals obtained by the Ranguo from Fuso dropped sharply to about one-tenth of the original, with only 6-70,000 Lan dong per year. ）

Later, in the second year of Zhenxiang (1685), the shogunate issued the "Zhenxiang Order", or the "Imperial High System", and implemented a fixed trade quota system: the total annual trade volume of Fuso and Languo did not exceed 3,000 taels of silver (300,000 taels of silver), the annual copper transportation of blue ships did not exceed 1.5 million catties, and the annual transportation of blue ships did not exceed two. At the same time, the "inter-gold" system was gradually abolished.

Even so, because of the fact that things are scarce and expensive, the net profit of the Orchid Pavilion can reach about 600,000 Lan Dong every year, which is equivalent to about 1.8 million taels of silver, and the profit is six times the trade volume, which is a real huge profit! In addition, because of the monopoly of Fuso goods, it also strengthened the trade status of Lan, ,——and the channel was king, and merchants from other countries also increased their trade with Languo merchants in order to obtain Fuso goods.

With mixed feelings, the staff of the Rankoku Merchant Hall in Dejima and the Fuso Orchid scholars have established a very special relationship. The staff of the Orchid Pavilion lived in Fusang for a long time, and the interaction with the Lan scholars met their emotional needs, and the Lan scholars were basically the cultural elite and samurai class of Fuso at this time, and the quality was generally very high, and the exchanges were pleasant, and a good personal friendship was established, but the staff of the Orchid Pavilion generally had arrogance towards the Fuso people, and they were a little awkward to get awkward. At the same time, due to official reasons, the Lan Guo Merchant House generally hoped to promote the expansion of trade with the shogunate through the Lan scholars, but did not want to cause a backlash from the conservative officials of the shogunate, so it maintained a very peculiar attitude towards the Lan scholars - the personal relationship was good, but not to the extent of heart-to-heart.

Therefore, when Naohide asked Dr. De Vries to help him buy books, he had some scruples: first, the shogunate had already restricted exchanges with foreigners, and the purchase of books could only be done secretly; The second is that the shogunate now has a tendency to restrict the study of orchids, so the scale cannot be very large; The third is that Dr. De Vries may not be too enthusiastic, so it must be some well-circulated and readily available books.

At first, Naohide wanted to buy a total of 33 books, but after careful consideration, it was reduced to eight. The original list was:

Books on mathematics include Euclid's Primitives of Geometry, Descartes' Geometry, Napier's Wonderful Notes on the Laws of Logarithms, Briggs's Logarithmic Arithmetic, Sir Isaac's Universal Arithmetic, Analytic Geometry, Peacock's Algebra, Legendre's Foundations of Geometry, Monge's Geometry of Drawing, Lacroix's Calculus, Gauss's Studies in Arithmetic, Laplace's Theory of Probabilistic Analysis, and Fourier's Theory of Thermal Analysis.

In physics, Galileo Galilei's "Dialogue on the Two World Systems", Sir Isaac's "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy", and "Optics".

The chemistry books are Lavoisier's Fundamentals of Chemistry and Chemical Nomenclature, and Dalton's New System of Chemical Philosophy.

The legal aspect is Montesquieu's On the Spirit of Law.

On the economic side, there are Adam Smith's "The Wealth of Nations" and Malthus's "Theory of Population".

Clausewitz's "On War" on the military side.

Geography of Murray "World Geography"

Others include Machiavelli's The Monarch, John Locke's On the Tolerance of Religion and Government, Voltaire's Philosophical Correspondence, and Rousseau's The Social Contract and the Confessions.

In terms of natural encyclopedias, there are eighteen volumes of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

There are two dictionaries: the English Dictionary and the Flangelic Dictionary.

The final list of books given to Dr. de Vries was "The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy", "Optics", "The Foundations of Chemistry", "The Wealth of Nations", "The Treatise on Population", "On War", "Confessions", "Encyclopedia Britannica", "The Anglo-Dictionary", "The Frantic Dictionary", a total of ten books.

Fortunately, I got all the books except "On War", a total of more than 20 volumes, and Naoxiu rubbed silently for a long time, sitting quietly alone until dusk.