Chapter 237: The Prayer of the Book of Books

During the time of Emperor Yuan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Shi Meizhen in Yuzhang presented a copy of "Confucian Ancient Texts and Books" to Emperor Yuan. This is the fourth book of the Book of Shang, and the only version that has survived to this day.

This book became popular from the Liang Dynasty, and it was adopted in the standard reading of the "Five Classics" formulated in the early years of the Tang Dynasty, and later Kong Yingda and others also adopted it in the "Five Classics of Justice". It has been handed down thanks to the recognition of the state.

This edition presented by Mei Zhen includes the thirty-three chapters of the Jinwen Shangshu—five of which were split from the original twenty-eight and twenty-five of the ancient texts.

In addition, there is an additional biography of Kong Anguo and a "Preface to the Book of Shang", but the "Qin Oath" in the original book is gone, so there are a total of fifty-nine articles in this "Book of Shang".

Is this another surprise? And then wait - this edition of the Book of Shang, there is a problem.

Since the Tang Dynasty, some people have doubted its authenticity, Wu Yan of the Song Dynasty formally put forward the examination, and then handed over to Ming Meiling, Qing Yan Ruoxuan, Hui Dong and others for rigorous research, and finally judged that this book is a "pseudo-ancient book", "Kong Anguo Biography" is a "pseudo-Confucian biography", this book is a "pseudo-Confucian book"!

However, there are doubters, there are defenders, until after the discovery of "Tsinghua Jane", this controversy is generally concluded - the ancient text and Shangshu are fake.

But the voice of controversy has not stopped.

Duan Yuci of the Qing Dynasty said in "Ancient Texts and Books": "The scriptures are the most respectful of the "Shangshu", and the "Shangshu" is the most detached. Qin's fire, one also. Dr. Han's Suppression of Ancient Texts, II. Ma and Zheng do not note the ancient texts, and the three also. Wei and Jin have pseudo-ancient texts, and four also. Tang's "Justice" does not use Ma and Zheng, but uses pseudo-holes and five also. Tianbao's change of words, six also. Song Kaibao's change of "Commentary", seven also. The seven are prepared, and the ancient texts are almost gone. ”

This statement is consistent with the research of modern scholars—there are still many situations in the process of the production and circulation of ancient books.

For example, later generations have enlarged, modified, recompiled, co-edited, single-line, coexisting with different copies, and changed the text......

The variety of ways to play has led to the original classics being unrecognizable.

Therefore, the pseudo of "Guwen Shangshu" may be a part of its Chinese characters, which has been revised, added and deleted by Warring States historians, Han Dynasty Confucianism, and successive dynasties with their own purposes, and finally arrived at Mei Xian, this baby has undergone another major change, and it is not necessarily completely made up out of thin air.

Thinking about it this way, it doesn't seem to make no sense at all.

That's a big proposition.

Su You doesn't care about the authenticity of "Shangshu", as long as the truth in it is correct, he will listen to it. He values the truth rather than the historical facts.

However, this was not a reason for him not to make trouble for Zhao Luan, so the next morning, Su You came to the state capital again and respectfully handed Zhao Luan a "Shangshu Prayer".

In the preface, I put myself in a good position - I am a reader, and "Shangshu" is an important Confucian classic listed with "The Book of Songs", but in the process of reading, because I was young, I encountered some doubts, so I had to list them, hoping that everyone with knowledge could solve my doubts.

"Inquiry" is based on Yan's "Shangshu Ancient Texts" in the Qing Dynasty, many of which I can't remember, and can only list the ones I remember, and the style has changed from pointing mistakes to seeking advice.

That's a lot of questions.

For example, "Kanghe" "Only March is alive", and "Multi-party" is "Only May Dinghai".

This is the normal style of "Shangshu", which is different from "Spring and Autumn".

But "Thai Oath" suddenly appeared with a "only three springs out of ten". This style is very "Spring and Autumn". Can anyone tell me why?

Another example is the beginning of "Yao Dian": "In the past, in Di Yao, he was smart and thoughtful, and he lived in the world." will be inferior to the position, let Yu Shun, as "Yaodian". It is said that if the ancient emperor Yao, it is said that Fangxun, Qin, Ming, Wen, Si, An'an, Yun Gong Kerang, the light is four tables, and the grid is up and down. ”

The beginning of "Shundian": "Yu Shun is slight, Yao Wen is smart, and he will make the heir, go through all kinds of difficulties, and make "Shundian". It is said that if the ancient emperor Shun, it is said that Chonghua, and the emperor is in harmony. Jun consults civilization, is gentle and respectful, and Xuande is promoted, and it is destined to be in place. ”

The beginning of "Da Yu Mo": "It is said that if the ancient Dayu, it is said that the life of the text is applied to the four seas, and it is only inherited by the emperor." Said: After overcoming difficulties, ministers are difficult to conquer, and the government is long, and Li Minmin is de. ”

Note that there are subtle differences between these three articles.

In the first article, there is an emperor named Yao, called Fangxun, how is he......

In the second article, there is an emperor named Shun, called Chonghua, he is a good assistant of the emperor, how and how......

In the third article, there is an emperor named Dayu, the number of the order, he is perfunctory in the four seas, is a good heir to the emperor, how and how......

Wait, why is the front very simple Yao, Shun said directly, shouldn't the one in the back be Yu? Why is there an extra adverbial - big? There is also a sycophant in the middle - applied to the four seas, shouldn't this sentence be put behind?

The style of "Da Yu Mo", how is it different from the previous two? Can anyone tell me why?

There are all kinds of whys, a total of one hundred and eight, and Zhao Tuan looked up at the sky - yes, who can tell me, why is this?

Lao Tzu's teacher didn't tell me about it......

But the child is studious and inquisitive, so he can't hit him, looking at Su You's eyes, Lao Zhao was embarrassed: "Hehehe, Mingrun reads so carefully...... Since the old man was admitted to the Jinshi, he has been in government affairs for many years, and the scriptures and righteousness have been a little deserted......"

"We keep these questions! Stay and wait until you go to Bianjing to ask those universities about home, okay? If you want to see someone to tell me when the time comes, the old man will write to you personally! Hehehehehe......he I still have government affairs to discuss with Zhang Gong here, so I won't test your knowledge today, hehehehe......"

Looking at Lao Zhao's embarrassed back, Su You thought fiercely: "Hmph! Look at how dare you slander my Sichuan! ”

But it really hurts to think about it, although Lao Zhao, who knows that he is right, is wrong, but people use "Shangshu" to scare the legend, and now people are likely to stand on his side.

And I can't really plane Sanxingdui, it's really easy to hold back internal injuries......

……

Before the autumn maturity in August, Zhang Fangping officially stepped down, and Zhao Luan began to take charge.

At the beginning of his administration, Zhao Pan sent two letters to the official family.

The first letter is "The Song of Begging for the Legacy of the Sichuan Road Prefecture Army to Send the Last Festival Wine": "The ministers of Fushimi Yizi and other road states...... More of each other's last wine...... The sigh is endless...... Ask the value of a lot of money above the state, the minister treasury only supports the work of 100 Wen...... I want to beg for the future Sichuan Road State Army...... It is not allowed to send the last holiday wine across the road or in Pizhou...... In order to save the distance, lenient loan to the people, and hope for the Holy Mercy to command the implementation. ”

Then the second letter "Song Begging to Command the Ministers to Enter Shu and Only Allow Them to Live in Yizhou for Ten Days": "The ministers eavesdropped on the autumn and winter of last year, and the imperial court sent the ministers Yizhou to urge the "Book of Tang". Another member of the transfer division of this road, scattered the money, each lived in Chengdu, and spent more than 70 days, and had nothing else to do...... The public and the people accompanied the rich and provided the bequests, and each of the ministers was rewarded with six or seven thousand yuan...... The ministers are foolish, and they want the court to send the ministers into Shu without the time, Xu is the old routine of the people, and the beggar decree commands Xu Jinzhu Yizhou not to be treated for ten days, so that the appointment is not very troublesome, in order to comfort the distant people. ”

The two letters went up, and the official approved the quasi-performance.

With the emperor's approval document, Old Man Zhao began to vigorously and resolutely deal with the extravagance of Sichuan and the problem of eating, drinking and giving gifts with public funds. Those who should be arrested will be arrested, those who should be exempted will be exempted, and those who should be sentenced will be sentenced.

The officials were greatly restrained, and the common people were overjoyed.

The old man himself refused to invite him to eat and drink, so he called a person who led by example - he didn't go out of the back office to eat, and he did it himself!

It's not Lao Tzu who does it himself! Su You often maliciously guessed that Old Man Zhao was raised by himself, and he couldn't look down on food elsewhere.

's own tea and wine, I didn't see him drink less!

However, the Sichuan officialdom was stunned by Zhao Luan alone, and the officials had a lot less opportunities for personal fraud and collusion with each other.

After this wave of officials was brushed, the old man's life became leisurely, which is also his requirement for today's Sichuan officialdom - "clean and simple", which is very much the taste of Huang Lao's governance in the early Han Dynasty.