Chapter 41 Attitudes of the Parties

Yan Xishan sent a letter to Zhang Yang on the 15th: "The two brothers Zhen Electromechanical and Han Brother Yuan have not recited the telegram, and they have read it again and again, and it is as if they are shocked! The younger brother has four questions, questioning the elder brothers: first, how will the elder brother be good? Second, what about increasing the strength of the war and reducing the strength of the war of resistance? Third, should we shift the civil war into a foreign war, and the foreign war into a civil war? Fourth, can the brothers ensure that they will not become extremely brutal in the country? …… Please forgive me, brother, and be good at yourself. ”

On the 21st, Han Fuyu sent a coded telegram to Zhang Xueliang, praising Zhang's extraordinary action as a "wise feat" and informing Zhang and Yang that his troops would be "ordered to open westward, hoping that there would be no misunderstanding when the two armies came into contact."

In a telegram to Zhang Xueliang on 19 July, Liu Xiang held that Zhang's behavior toward Chiang was "nothing more than an attempt to promote the great cause of resisting the enemy and saving the country, so as to ensure the survival of our country and nation." He pointed out that "the civil war will inevitably lead to the destruction of the country, and there is no need to repeat it, and it is necessary to avoid military contacts and seek a political solution as soon as possible."

After receiving reliable information from his subordinates, Long Yun sent a telegram to the central government on the 14th, saying that he supported the established policy of the central government. He also called Zhang Xueliang, saying that he was sympathetic to the fact that he had "suffered from seeking the country by himself" when he launched the incident, but pointed out that this move would affect the future of the country, "I hope to think about it again, protect the country's vitality, and leave considerable room for the environment." ”

Ma Bufang decided to send a telegram in response to the Kuomintang Central Committee on the 15th. Yao Jun then drafted the "deleted" telegram, and when it was about to be filmed and distributed, he accepted the suggestion of Ma Shaowu and Chen Xianrong, and in order to express his so-called wholehearted support for Chiang, he went so far as to change the date of the telegram issued on 15 May forward by two days to the "Yuanhai" telegram sent on 13 July. In the telegram, it was stated to the Nanjing Executive Yuan and the Military Commission: "According to the radio station, I was shocked to learn that there was an incident in Xi'an, Zhang Yang hijacked the commission, etc., and when the news came, the whole Qing was shocked. Although Qinghai is in a difficult environment of enemies and bandits on all sides, Fang and others only know how to be loyal to the party and the state, and he has nothing to do except serve Ji Zuo.

Li Zongren sent a telegram to the whole country on the 16th, advocating the cessation of the civil war and the establishment of anti-Japanese resistance.

After a correct analysis of the international and domestic political situation, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China determined the basic policy of peacefully resolving the Xi'an Incident, advocated the use of peaceful means to resolve the problems caused by the Xi'an Incident, and opposed a new civil war. At the same time, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China also advocated uniting the leftists in Nanjing by all means, winning over the centrists, and opposing the pro-Japanese faction, so as to push Nanjing to resist Japan. Zhou Enlai was sent to Xi'an to participate in negotiations and promote a peaceful settlement of the incident.

On December 24, 1936, Chiang Kai-shek signed six agreements and was forced to accept the idea of stopping the civil war and uniting against Japan. On 26 December, Chiang Kai-shek was finally released and returned to Nanjing.

After the Xi'an Incident, Chiang Kai-shek stopped the policy of "securing the inside and the outside", forced the Kuomintang to cooperate for the second time, and contributed to the establishment of the anti-Japanese national united front

The Paris "National Salvation Times" held that "the occurrence of such a major internal struggle is a deeply deplorable event for the current unanimous unity and anti-humiliation movement in which the life and death of the Chinese nation are at stake." ”

On December 14, 1936, the American newspaper "Minsheng Forum" commented: "Zhang Xueliang's action is enough to cause harm to China, and those who have interests in the Far East in Western countries are also uneasy about it."

The New York Times, "General Chiang Kai-shek, although he has lost his freedom, is still in charge of China's political situation, and the whole world is shocked when he hears the news." It shows that the whole world recognizes Chiang as the biggest leader in China, and automatically respects him. ”

The British "Times" commented: "Zhang Xueliang's rebellion may have saved Japan, covered Japan's China policy, and concluded an agreement with Germany, which has aroused criticism from most politicians." ”

On December 21, 1936, Italian Foreign Minister Ziano sent a telegram to Zhang Xueliang: "You are my friend, and if you ally with the Communist Party, you will become my enemy. ”

On December 14, the Soviet newspaper Pravda reported: "General Zhang Xueliang had every possibility of resisting Japanese aggression, and his army had a fierce fighting posture, but General Zhang himself had always adopted a policy of non-resistance. He engaged in speculation in the anti-Japanese movement, as if he raised the banner of anti-Japanese resistance, but in fact helped Japan to divide China, make China even more unstable, and become an aggressor of foreign aggression. ”

The vigorous Xi'an Incident also came to a successful end, China temporarily completed the cooperation and reunification to resist Japan, the guns were unanimous to the outside world, to resist foreign humiliation, General Zhang sent Lao Jiang back to Nanjing, it didn't matter that he could not come back, Li Ming knew that the country was temporarily unified, and he was still very happy in his heart.