Since the Shang Dynasty changed the law, the world has regarded the Tiger and Wolf Qin State as a great country with a million halberds. As early as many years ago, when Zhang Yi went to the state of Chu, he intimidated King Huai of Chu with "more than 100,000 tigers, thousands of cars, and 10,000 horses". However, there is a lot of moisture in this number.

When King Yingzheng of Qin launched the war to destroy Chu, he only gathered 600,000 armor soldiers with the strength of the country, and it was not until he unified the world that he really formed an army of one million. Moreover, after King Yingzheng of Qin ascended the throne, every few years, there will be a big war, and in the case of the Qin army's great victory, there are tens of thousands of casualties, not to mention several battles of great defeat. Therefore, the theory of "one million with armor" can only be understood as the total number of people of service age in the Qin State, and cannot be regarded as the total number of active troops. In addition, although the area of the Qin State is constantly expanding, and the total number of people serving is also increasing, the grain and grass also need to be cultivated or transported by young and strong, so the Qin State can only feed a million troops at the same time in the strongest period. Once the tipping point is exceeded, the army will be starved of supplies and will be defeated without a fight.

Handan, the capital of Zhao State, is an ancient historical capital, which has not changed its name for 3,000 years, and has endless grievances with Qin State! Have you ever heard of the city of Handan? Did you know that Handan was once the capital of the Zhao Kingdom? The city still exists, and it hasn't changed its name for 3,000 years. This is an ancient city, its history is no less than anywhere, more than 3,000 years ago, this city and the Qin State formed an indissoluble bond, which is also the Qin State, the most hated city.

In the historical stage of the Warring States period, the Zhao State was relatively weak in the early and middle periods. However, after the reign of King Wuling of Zhao, Zhao became a powerful country on a par with Qin. Of course, after the tragic Battle of Changping, Zhao Guo's vitality was greatly damaged. However, it was this kind of Zhao State, with the strong Handan City, that it still supported for decades before it was wiped out. So, the question is, in the early Warring States period, why did Zhao move its capital to "Handan".

First of all, according to historical records, as one of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, the capital of Zhao was in Jinyang at the beginning, and in 425 BC, Zhao moved its capital to Zhongmu, and in 386 BC, the capital of Zhao was moved to Handan. Since then, Handan, as the capital of the Zhao State, has experienced the rise, decline and demise of the Zhao State, and has left historical allusions such as ". So, for the Zhao State, why did it move the capital to Handan in the early Warring States Period? In this regard, the data show that in the historical stage of the Warring States Period, Handan, the capital of the Zhao State, was exactly in the center of the alluvial fan of the Qin River, with flat terrain and fertile land, thus creating good conditions for the formation of urban settlements in Handan.

Secondly, during the Warring States Period, Handan was also rich in mineral resources, which was also an important reason why Zhao chose to move the capital to Handan. After the Zhao State moved its capital to Handan, Handan gradually became a famous iron-smelting center during the Warring States Period, thus becoming as famous as Wancheng, Linzi, Daliang and other cities. At the same time, during the Warring States Period, Handan also had a very superior geographical location and transportation advantages. Handan is located on the north-south avenue at the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain, and can reach Yan Kingdom to the north, and Wei State and other places to the south. On this basis, the superior geographical location and transportation advantages around Handan have made Handan an an important military town in the north. Not only in the Warring States Period, but also in the Qin and Han dynasties, Handan was a battleground for soldiers, which was also an important reason why Zhao moved its capital to Handan.

Moreover, the reason why Zhao finally decided to make Handan the capital was also the result of a change in strategy. For the Seven Heroes of the Warring States, the replacement of the capital also served its own strategic direction. For example, the Wei State, which also came from, set the capital at Anyi at the beginning, and later moved the capital to Daliang because it wanted to compete with the Chu State and the Qi State for hegemony in the Central Plains. As far as the Zhao State to be mentioned in this article is concerned, as early as the late autumn, the main opponent was the secretary doctor within the Jin State. In this regard, the Zhao family centered on Jinyang because Jinyang was close to the hinterland of the Jin Kingdom, which was conducive to the contest between the Zhao family and other Qing doctors. After entering the early Warring States period, Zhao moved its capital to Zhongmu, also in order to develop to the Central Plains.

Finally, as for the eventual relocation of the capital of Zhao to Handan and the long-term establishment of the capital here, it is also a strategy to serve Zhao. After the Wei State, the Han State, and the Zhao State were separated, this gradually focused on the Central Plains, for example, after the annexation of Zheng by Korea, the capital was moved to Xinzheng. For the Zhao State, the reason why he moved away from Zhongmu and set the capital at Handan was not because he was afraid of the Qin State, but because the Wei State in the early Warring States period continued to expand to the periphery, which brought great pressure to the southern territory of the Zhao State. According to historical records, Wei formed a complete strategic suppression of Zhao, and also crossed the border of Zhao to seize Zhongshan, so that Zhao was like a thorn in the back, so Zhao chose Handan, which is relatively easy to defend and difficult to attack geographically, as the capital.

Why is Handan the capital of idioms? If you don't accept it, you can't!

Handan City in the south of Hebei Province, located east of Taihang Mountain and north of the Yellow River, has been a battleground for soldiers since ancient times. The reason why Handan is famous has a lot to do with the fact that Zhao State, one of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States, took Handan as the one. In fact, in addition to being the capital of Zhao State, Handan also has a part of the "capital" - Handan is also the capital of idioms.

If the idioms produced are calculated in terms of cities, Handan is undoubtedly among the best. Let's talk about more than a dozen particularly famous idioms related to Handan, such as Wei Wei to save Zhao, Hu Fu Ride, Bear Jing Guilt, Talk on Paper, Profit Lingzhi Faint, Plum Blossom Twice, Handan Walker, Mao Sui Self-Recommendation, One Word Thousand Gold, Frightened Bow Bird, Valuable, Complete Return to Zhao, Expansive, Strange Goods, Three People Become Tigers and so on.

It is impossible for us to finish these idioms at once, so let's pick a few that are related to geography.

The first idiom: Wai Wei to save Zhao. During the Warring States period, the seven heroes stood side by side, and Zhao had Qin in the west, Wei in the south, Yan in the north, and Qi in the east. In the early Warring States period, the strength of the Wei State was rampant in the world, and the Wei Wushu, built by the famous general Wu Qi, fought seventy-two battles, won sixty-four battles, and the remaining eight battles were drawn. The state of Wei was ambitious and wanted to annex the state of Zhao. In 354 BC, King Hui of Wei sent his general Pang Juan to attack Zhao. Pang Juan led Wei troops from the national capital of Daliang to the north, and after crossing the Yellow River, he went straight to Handan, the capital of Zhao. Handan is located on the North China Plain, with no danger to defend on the north, east and south, and is surrounded by Wei soldiers.

Zhao Guo hurriedly sent someone to ask for help from the neighboring Qi State, and Zhao Guo knew that Zhao Qi was lip and tooth relationship, and Qi Guo would not see death without help. King Qi Wei took Tian Ji as his general, and Pang Juan's classmate Sun Bin as his military advisor to rescue Zhao. According to Tian Ji's plan, he was ready to lead his troops to attack Handan and fight with the Wei soldiers under the city of Handan. Military advisor Sun Bin is a disabled person, and his leg was broken by his classmate Pang Juan, who is too familiar with Pang Juan. Sun Bin said: "Otherwise, the main force of the Wei soldiers is under the city of Handan, even if we win, it will be a miserable victory." Since the Wei soldiers are not in the girder, and the girder is empty, why don't we take advantage of the void to smash the fundamental girder of the Wei State? If the girder is lost, the Wei soldiers will be defeated if they have no support to advance or retreat. ”

Sun Bin was really a master of strategy, and Zhao couldn't hold it at this time and surrendered to Wei. Pang Juan couldn't imagine that his classmate Sun Bin would come to surround Wei to save Zhao, Wei couldn't afford to lose Daliang, so Wei Bing had to go south overnight to save Daliang. When the Wei soldiers were tired, they were beaten by the Qi soldiers who were waiting for work in Guiling, and their noses were blue and their faces were swollen, and Sun Bin captured Pang Juan, and he was ashamed.

The second idiom: stealing talismans to save Zhao. The geographical location of Zhao "among all the countries", coupled with the strength of Qin, determined that Zhao and Wei, which were threatened by Qin at the same time, still had common interests. Zhao was north of Wei, and if Qin destroyed Zhao, Qin could easily sever the connection between Wei and Yan and Qi. At that time, the Qin State will be able to "catch the turtle in the urn", and the Wei State will not even have a rescue army. The time dates back to 257 BC, when the Qin State sent the general Wang Yi to attack Handan, and formed a situation in which the Wei soldiers attacked Handan. It's just that the State of Qi, which saved Zhao back then, was replaced by the State of Wei, which attacked Zhao back then. King Qin Zhaoxiang has calculated that Wei will save Zhao, and sent someone to intimidate King Wei Anxi: Dare to save Zhao, you will be the next to be killed! The king of Wei was afraid, although he sent the general Jin Cong to send 100,000 troops to save Zhao, but in fact, he became a melon-eating crowd, watching Qin attack Zhao but not saving him.

Zhao Guo was very anxious. Zhao Sheng, one of the four princes, sent people to beg Wei to send troops several times, but the Wei army just stood still. Pingyuan Jun had no choice but to send someone to accuse his brother-in-law, Wei Wuji, one of the four princes of Wei Guoxinling County. Of course, Wei Wuji wanted to save Zhao, Zhao died, and Wei couldn't survive alone. But King Wei was timid and afraid of things, and he couldn't count on him. Wei Wuji listened to the advice of the hermit Hou Huan and said that he moved Ruji, the favorite of the King of Wei, to steal the talisman. Wei Wuji faked the order of the King of Wei and asked Jin to send troops. Unexpectedly, Jin Contempt faced the soldier talisman, and still suspected that Wei Wuji was playing tricks. Under the circumstance of not moving, Wei Wuji had no choice but to let people stone Jin to death, and command the Wei soldiers to go north, scare away the Qin soldiers, and relieve the siege of Zhao. This allusion is the famous "stealing talismans to save Zhao" in history.

The third idiom: return to Zhao after completion. The story is very simple: King Zhao Huiwen got the famous Heshi Bi of Chu, and King Qin Zhaoxiang was very unhappy when he heard that this treasure was possessed by King Zhao. The king of Qin wrote to the king of Zhao, hoping that Zhao would give the jade bi to Qin, and Zhao would receive fifteen cities. The Qin State is a well-known country of tigers and wolves, and the Qin State is reluctant to exchange a piece for fifteen cities. Zhao Guo believed that Qin Guo was cheating, but he didn't dare to offend Qin Guo, and no one dared to go to Qin State to negotiate. Lin Xiangru was recommended to come up, and Lin Xiangru reassured King Zhao and said that the minister would definitely return to Zhao. After arriving in the capital of Qin, King Zhaoxiang of Qin held the jade bi and went straight to the harazi, but he never mentioned the matter of sending Zhao Fifteen Cities. Lin Xiangru saw through King Qin's small abacus, said that there was a slight flaw in the bi, and asked the minister to show it to the king. Lin Xiangru deceived the trust of the King of Qin, and he was about to break it, scolding the King of Qin to the point of blood. King Qin said that he would definitely send fifteen cities, but Lin Xiangru couldn't believe him at all, so he sent He's Bi back to Handan overnight.

The fourth idiom: Handan toddler. This story is very interesting, saying that in the Yan Kingdom in the north of Zhao Kingdom, there was a young man who always felt that his walking posture was not very beautiful. He heard that the people in Handan, the capital of Zhao Guoguo, walked in a good posture, and he was moved. From Ji Guoguo of Yan to Handan, the capital of Zhao Guoguo, there is a distance, and the young man trekked to Handan to toddle regardless of the mountains and rivers. As a result, although the Handan people walked in a beautiful posture, he didn't learn anything at all. What's even worse is that he even forgot all about his previous Yan Bu. How to go home, the young man had an idea and crawled home...... This story tells people: don't be rigid in learning new things, but learn in a targeted manner according to the specific situation, otherwise you will lose your old book.

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