Chapter 25: The Origin and Dilemma of the Shogunate (2)
The establishment of the shogunate meant the rise of the samurai class, but it also meant the division of the country, and the Wa kingdom lost its unified taxes, finances, and army.
The founders of the shogunate were well aware of this, but they were not against it.
Although the financial situation of the Kamakura shogunate was better than that of the Muromachi shogunate, it was far inferior to that of the Tokugawa shogunate, and its economic sources were mainly threefold:
1. "Kanto Imperial Domain", that is, more than 500 estates awarded by the imperial court to Minamoto Yoritomo individuals;
2. "The Kanto Imperial Division" refers to the imperial court's issuance of the power to appoint and dismiss the eight national divisions of Izu, Sagami, Kamiso, Shinano, Echigo, Suruga, Musashi, and Shimoso to Minamoto Yorito, which can be recommended by the shogunate and directly dismissed by the shogunate;
3. "Kanto Shosho Shoku", which was won by Minamoto Yorito's father-in-law, Hojo Tokimasa, and the shogunate could set up the power of the land in many estates and lords.
From this, it can be seen how weak the economic base of the Kamakura shogunate was, and the feudal states it controlled were all in the Kanto region, and the economic base was poor, and the number was too small, only eight, while there were as many as nine feudal states on the island of Kyushu.
Therefore, the Kamakura shogunate is playing a game of small and big, it is controlling a country with a small force and a big name, and the samurai support the shogunate only because the shogunate can protect and maintain their interests, nothing more.
The Tokugawa shogunate was much stronger, controlling a quarter of the country's grain-producing areas, controlling the coinage of gold, silver and copper, and controlling important cities such as Osaka, Kyoto, and Eto, so its ruling foundation was very solid.
Not only that, the Tokugawa shogunate in the Kanto region also adopted a policy of closing the country to the outside world, completely cutting off the way for the western feudal states to increase their power through trade, and eliminating the factors of instability to the greatest extent.
Therefore, the Kamakura shogunate, which was economically weak, was vulnerable to the invasion of foreign forces.
The Yuan Dynasty was an unimaginable behemoth for the Wa Kingdom, but the Wa Kingdom decided not to hesitate to fight, which was the backbone of the Wa Kingdom and the death knell of the Kamakura Shogunate.
From the fifth year of the Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty, sent an envoy to the Wa State, to the twenty-third year of the Yuan Dynasty, until the Yuan Shizu gave up the conquest of the Wa Kingdom, in these sixteen years, although the Wa State defeated the two invasions of the Yuan army, but it was burdened with a heavy financial burden, whether it was the pre-war marshalling, fortification construction, war losses, post-war rewards, and long-term pillow to wait for the Dan, all of which consumed a lot of resources of the Wa State.
However, the Kamakura shogunate, as the ruler of the whole country, had to take on the heavy responsibility of filling this hole, but unfortunately, the shogunate's power was not so great.
The most heroic and heavy losses against the Yuan army were the Shogunate's cronies, the Imperial Family, who were the mainstay of the Shogunate, but the Shogunate was not only unable to reward them, but also unable to even replenish their battle losses, which deeply shook the foundation of the Shogunate's rule.
These loyal royal families were in trouble, some of them were so poor that they had to borrow money from usurers, and then they lost their land and wealth, while others took risks and encroached on public land to fill the shortfall, and the shogunate did not dare to stop them, and over time, both groups of people ceased to be loyal to the shogunate, and the foundation of the shogunate began to waver.
For the predicament of the shogunate, the imperial family saw it in its eyes and was enthusiastic in its heart, and Emperor Go-Daigo decided to "fall the curtain", and after a series of wars, the Kamakura shogunate perished, and Emperor Go-Daigo re-established the emperor's dictatorship.
It's a pity that this time was too short, and in the second year, the Ashikaga clan rebelled, and in the third year, the Ashikaga clan established the shogunate, that is, the Muromachi shogunate.
Generally speaking, people in the world are afraid of difficulties, but some people prefer to rise to the challenge because they know that the greater the difficulty, the greater the benefit after the final solution.
The Kamakura shogunate, or Minamoto Yorito, was faced with the Heike family, who controlled most of the country, so after defeating the Heike, the Heike's rich legacy was his spoils of war, and he could install his henchmen throughout the country to establish his own samurai regime.
However, the Muromachi shogunate was different, and its opponents were the imperial family and a small number of minions who were bent on the downfall, and there were some people who disagreed with each other, and defeating these people could be said to have little benefit to the shogunate's economic and military strength.
In order to end the war quickly, the Muromachi shogunate had to compromise with the daimyo in various places, so the Muromachi shogunate was far inferior to the Kamakura shogunate in terms of control over the daimyo in various places, so the Muromachi shogunate was essentially a coalition of powerful daimyo from various places, and these daimyo who had already obtained land and property from the Kamakura shogunate were not grateful to the Muromachi shogunate, but only recognized its authority.
Therefore, the shogun did not have absolute authority, and the tragic death of Ashikaga Yoshikyo was because he wanted to establish the authority of the shogun, but unfortunately he failed and died!
The famous three lords of the Muromachi shogunate are the Spo clan, the Hosokawa clan and the Hatakeyama clan, they are all the same clan of the Ashikaga clan and are also allies of the Ashikaga family, of which the Hosokawa clan controls the land of Shikoku and near Kyogi, the Hatakeyama clan controls the land of central Kanto, and the Spo clan controls the land of eastern Kanto, and the territory directly under the jurisdiction of the shogunate is very small, only the directly governed territory "Goryoksho" scattered in about 200 places; At the same time, "customs offices" were set up on the main traffic arteries in Ki and customs fees were collected; In addition to this, there are some miscellaneous taxes.
Because of the lack of finance, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu very much wanted to maintain good relations with the Ming Kingdom, and increase his income through trade with the Ming Kingdom, so he did not hesitate to call the Ming Kingdom a vassal, but there were many opponents, Ashikaga Yoshimochi and Spo Yoshishi would be the best among them, and Hosokawa Yorimoto and Hatakeyama Mitsuya and others maintained a wait-and-see attitude.
For the reason, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu knows very well, these clans do not want the Ashikaga family to be too strong, they prefer to maintain the status quo, this, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu can understand, but it is impossible to accept, but it is a pity that the eldest son Ashikaga Yoshinori is like being brainwashed, one by one, "My country has never surrendered to others", and he can't listen to his own words at all.
Therefore, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu sent Ashikaga Yoshinori and Spo Yoshisho to Kyushu to face the Ming Kingdom's military peak. This has two advantages: if the Ming army is strong, then they who have experienced the war against the Ming will naturally become obedient and obediently negotiate peace with the Ming state; If the Ming army was weak, it would be easy, and Ashikaga Yoshimitsu planned to keep them there for the reason of preventing the Ming army from entering the army again, so that it would be convenient for him to arrange it himself.
As for the self-respect of the two of them, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu is not worried, although Shibukawa Manyori has a good relationship with General Spo, but Shibukawa Manyori is more loyal to himself and has little prestige in Kyushu; And the predecessor Imagawa Sadayo has a very high prestige in Kyushu, and he is extremely at odds with General Spoyoshi, so Ashikaga Yoshimitsu believes that the two of them can't turn the sky.
However, the development of the war situation greatly surprised Yoshimitsu, the defenders of Kyushu were vulnerable, the Ming army quickly pacified Kyushu, and the brave Shimazu family was almost wiped out, and Ashikaga Yoshimori, who went to supervise the battle, was captured, and Spo Yoshinori was killed, which couldn't help but make Ashikaga Yoshimitsu wonder if he was a little too trusted, and even he wondered if someone had secretly surrendered to the Ming army and led the way?
Therefore, Spo Yoshishige was willing to send an envoy to Ming Province, and Ashikaga Yoshimitsu immediately agreed, in his opinion, as long as Spo Yoshishige went, then as long as he looked at the reception of Ming Province, he could see many things.
If Spo Yoshishige is warmly received by the Ming Kingdom, then you can continue to talk, as long as you don't go to the Ming Kingdom to accept the guilt, then you can talk about anything, for the guilt of Akamatsu Yoshinori, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu has already thought of a candidate, and Emperor Komatsu is very suitable to carry this pot, he can depose it, send it to the Ming Kingdom, and then set up an emperor, and change the name of the king to the outside world, as for the domestic "country", change to "state", there is nothing bad.
However, Sibo Yoshishige actually clashed with the Ming army, Sibo Yoshizhong was captured, and the Ming army took the opportunity to capture Xiaguan. This caught Ashikaga Yoshimitsu a little off guard, and even made him wonder if Ming Guo had no idea of negotiating at all, and he had to apologize for his guilt before he gave up.
But Ashikaga Yoshimitsu did not move blindly, he first convened his subordinates to discuss countermeasures, and found that everyone had different opinions, but the majority of the main battle, in desperation, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu went to the palace again, to his surprise, Emperor Komatsu was extremely indignant at the edict of the Ming country asking Ashikaga Yoshimitsu to go to apologize, and agreed to mobilize the whole country and declare war on Ming.
After that, the Imperial Palace and the shogunate successively issued mobilization orders, and the major names of the country mobilized one after another, and the samurai of the Kanto region moved west one after another to reinforce the front line in Kyoto.
However, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu did not increase troops to Nagato and Zhoufang, but adopted the strategy of luring the enemy into depth, blocking layer by layer, and clearing the wilderness with strong walls, and the Nagato, Zhoufang, Iwami, Izumo, Yasuki, Bichu, Bigo and other areas in Kansai, the old and weak, and the grain were transferred eastward, and at the same time, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu also sent a small group of elite samurai to the west, intending to attack the supply lines of the Ming army, gradually wear down the sharp spirit of the Ming army, and then fight a decisive battle with the Ming army near Kyoto.
After the matter was arranged, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu was not at ease, and the feeling of uneasiness became even stronger.
In order to strengthen the power of the shogunate headquarters, in the name of the Shogunate's Tongmei Province, the territory of the Shogunate was confiscated, and most of these territories were placed under the direct jurisdiction of the shogunate, and a small part was placed under the Hatakeyama and Hosokawa families.
At the same time, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu activated the "Sakura" and ordered it to monitor the internal and external ministers, among which the Imperial Palace, the Hatakeyama family, and the Hosokawa family are the top priorities, and Shibukawa Yoshimitsu is the person Ashikaga Yoshimitsu wants to reuse, but first, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu must confirm that he is really reliable!