The Northern Song Dynasty should be the most vulnerable one among the Three Kingdoms, whether it is the Liao State or the Western Xia, it is a huge threat to the Northern Song Dynasty, no matter how the descendants whitewash them, the year coin is an indelible thing.

Perhaps, some people will say that the total economic volume of the Northern Song Dynasty is very terrible, and the simple annual income is as high as more than 20 million yuan, and the annual currency of hundreds of thousands, less than one million, cannot affect the operation of the Northern Song Dynasty.

It is irrefutable that you will be given the New Year's coins if you are backward, and if you are defeated, it will be someone else who will give you the New Year's coins and call you a vassal.

The combat effectiveness of the Northern Song Dynasty army is not weak, but it is not strong congenitally, and under the premise of not having a large number of cavalry, it does not have enough mobility, and it is at a disadvantage in terms of strategy.

On the premise of victory, there is no way to expand the results, unable to catch up with the opponent, and if you fail, it will be even more over, and you will be pursued by the opponent all the time, expanding from a small victory to a big victory.

Innate weaknesses, combined with the differences between nomads and agrarian civilizations, have even greater consequences.

The wealth created by the farming people is greater, and the volume they have far exceeds that of the nomads, but let go of these, simply fighting with real swords and guns, this is really not the opponent of the nomads, and the cavalry that holds the most terrible army weapons in the era of weapons also makes the northern nomads every once in a while become a huge threat to the north.

For those who have mastered the powerful combat power, if they encounter a disaster that they can't survive, they won't think about solving this problem by themselves, what is faster than grabbing it.

Among the Three Kingdoms, whether it is the Liao State or the Western Xia, when they are in difficulty, their only thought is to go to the Northern Song Dynasty to grab a circle, even if they lose the battle, as long as they have a little gain, they can survive.

This was originally an unsolvable problem, the Liao State and the Western Xia have always cooperated, containing the Northern Song Dynasty, so that the Northern Song Dynasty entered the quagmire that is difficult to get rid of, in just a hundred years, the powerful Liaoxia, can compete with the Iron Harrier, the Tielin Army of the Northern Song Dynasty Forbidden Army, to the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, became a kind of goods, not to mention 10 to 1, 100 to 1, can not have an impact on the Jin Army, really from a mainstay of the Northern Song Dynasty, into a kind of goods.

History in this era, has changed, the Northwest War, one fell swoop to Lingzhou, Xingqing Mansion destroyed the Western Xia, one fell swoop to kill the biggest threat in the Northwest, the same, from the Liao State, obtained a large number of livestock, as long as these imperceptibly into the Northern Song Dynasty, the effect is huge.

The environment of the Northern Song Dynasty has undergone obvious changes, the political situation is very good, and even the army has undergone tremendous changes.

Cavalry, even after the Lingzhou Peace Conference, obtained a large number of horses, it is possible to form a huge scale of cavalry, but it cannot play a role in a short time, at least more than 5 years.

However, using horses to travel can already play a role, longbows and horses, you can move quickly, plus a small number of heavy cavalry and mounted infantry, the formation of mobile troops, may not be as good as the people born on horseback, but they can also play a role.

In the field, as long as it is not an encounter, it is impossible to lose.

Horse infantry, relying on the horse's mobility ability, really on the battlefield, is to fight on foot, as long as the foot combat is strong enough, the impact on the horse is not great, unless the opponent does not give him any time, so that he can not open the camp.

Encounters, even if it is cavalry, in a distance of 10 miles, it will take a long time, Zhao Xin can't cut off the opponent's horse legs, so that the opponent can't run fast, but it can increase the chance of the Northern Song Dynasty discovering them.

When two armies are fighting, the most important thing is reconnaissance, which is the tactic engraved in Sun Tzu's Art of War.

In the war, under the premise that there is no way to set up spies, reconnaissance has become the most important step of the army, reconnaissance and counter-reconnaissance, confusion and counter-confusion, which have caused countless tactics, and the battlefield is a lot more complicated.

Aside from some specialized, tactical and combat reconnaissance, the army advanced, all the reconnaissance work was completed by the night, they were in the Northern Song Dynasty, the combat effectiveness was relatively strong, the kind of bow and horse skill, even if they were alone and encountered the enemy, as long as they were careful, it was easy to escape.

Expanding the scope of reconnaissance with a small number of skilled cavalrymen with bows and horses is a common method, but it is easy for nomads to crack.

In terms of horsemanship, archery, and even personal combat effectiveness, the Northern Song Dynasty has a considerable distance from the Liao State and the Western Xia.

In terms of riding, if the Northern Song Dynasty wants to be stronger than the nomads, what a terrible talent it takes, you know, even if it is a nomadic child, as long as there is no physical problem, then he has grown up on horseback since he was a child.

As for archery, the nomads do not have that qualification, and practice against the arrow target, but they practice on the grassland with hunting, as long as they spare no effort for ten or twenty years, and produce a few elite archers, it is absolutely no problem.

Not to mention physical fitness, the physical fitness of the north itself is stronger than that of the south, the higher the latitude, the more so, not to mention, the grassland, the least lacking, is meat, eating meat to grow up, in terms of muscle strength and individual strength, there is an innate advantage.

Except for a few gifted people, otherwise, in terms of individual strength, there is a big difference with the nomads, and this is especially true if they don't collect at night.

It is only unique to the Northern Song Dynasty, after fighting with Liaoxia and being learned by the other party, they draw the most elite forces, and the night is not collected, which is also a nightmare-like existence.

As long as the other side is targeted, the final result is easily the failure of the Song army, and in the critical battle, once this situation occurs, then what awaits the Song army will be a catastrophe.

Without a sufficiently strong reconnaissance and a strong team of nocturnal troops, the horseback longbowmen would have a big problem.

Even if the longbowmen do not carry much equipment, the requirements for the camp are even higher, and the longbowmen without the camp show strength that cannot even compare with the short bow.

Longbow also paid attention to this aspect of training, but even a well-trained longbow man took time, as long as the opposing cavalry unit was familiar with it, it was easy to attack this aspect.

The solution is to concentrate the elite forces in the night, and give enough and no missed reconnaissance to prevent a sneak attack.

Zhao Xin overturned the original plan and gave a more reasonable solution, which did not need to be strong enough to be collected at night, which was not much to find in the Northern Song Dynasty, and he found another way to increase the reaction time.

That's right, it's the telescope, this weapon with a unique purpose in navigation and military affairs, and it is an epoch-making change to warfare.

Glass and mirrors have just been completed, optical lenses have been established, but there is not much progress, transparent glass, and optical lenses, that are two different things, glass is a level of things, the ceiling is very low, but optical lenses, in later generations, some high-end optical lenses, the whole world, only a few companies can make it.

Of course, Zhao Xin can't ask for optical glass of that scale, all he wants is a telescope, before the optical lens and the glass with strong transparency are made, the glass telescope can't do it, but in the whole natural world, there are colorless and transparent things.

That's right, it's crystal, a crystal with an excellent texture, and its light transmission performance is even higher than that of ordinary optical glass, but there are fewer of these crystals.

However, the Northern Song Dynasty is vast and vast, and perhaps some universal things cannot be fully satisfied, and some crystals are still okay.

From the beginning of his foothold in the Navy, Zhao Xin began to search for all kinds of crystals, and really found a large number of transparent crystals for him, and then found master craftsmen to process optical lenses.

Glass may be difficult to achieve, but crystal is very easy, find the right crystal with light transmission performance, and then polish it in the way of a telescope.

Zhao Xin doesn't know how to manufacture a telescope, but he still knows the basic laws of optics, the directness of light, when it enters the lens, will be refracted according to a certain angle, which can be made as long as it is ground a few times and tested a few times.

From the simplest 1 times, to 2 times, to 8 times, Zhao Xin has made some high-power telescopes, and even now, there is no way to make a double-barrel telescope, but the monocular has long been manufactured.

Even if it is the simplest 5x telescope, for the role of the military, it is also very terrible, you can expand the scenery you see five times, it turns out, the scenery seen by the naked eye, more than 1 mile, will be blurred, even if it is touched by the army, more than 4 miles, it is not clear whether it is the army or a fake.

But with this telescope, the minimum distance is 5 miles, any normal vision at night can be seen in the daytime 5 miles away, which is quite powerful for protecting the night.

The losses that do not collect at night are often ambushed, unable to escape, and must be fought at close range, and now, extended to 5 miles, unless it is very unqualified, careless, otherwise it is difficult to be besieged.

In the same way, the telescope has also increased the reaction distance, it turned out that it may be one or two miles, for cavalry, cavalry marching at high speed, it may be two or three minutes, which is not possible for any army.

In the past, the heavy cavalry of the Northern Song Dynasty, even if they could advance on horseback, they couldn't even form a camp for a minute or two, let alone fight, but when this time expanded to 10 minutes, it was completely different, even the heavy cavalry could successfully line up, not to mention the combination of heavy cavalry and longbow.

The attack power of the longbow, coupled with the high-speed maneuver of the horse, under the premise of sufficient logistics, the longbow can fight against twice the heavy cavalry, and can fight against the light cavalry and other arms by 5 times, which is the advantage of the Northern Song Dynasty.

In fact, the greater advantage is still in the explosives to blow up the city, even the original Northern Song Dynasty heavy infantry, as long as they carry gunpowder and advance the army to the opponent's city, they can attack the city like a bamboo, and in this regard, they can play the role of heavy infantry.

In the past, the most critical problem of fighting alone was completely solved, and he could capture one or two cities with small targets one by one, and then stop, do a good job of logistics and rear roads, and then fight steadily.

In fact, this is what the Hunan army did to deal with the Taiping army, to form a dumb formation, fight a dumb battle, fight steadily, and not give the other side any chance.

The Northern Song Dynasty had a longbow, a horse archer, a telescope, and gunpowder, which was unsolvable in such an era, whether it was a siege or a field battle, there was no problem, as long as there were no problems with its own logistics, it was impossible to fail.

Now the Northern Song Dynasty from top to bottom has not realized this, the reason why Jia Chaochang attacked the Liao State was not because he knew that the Northern Song Dynasty had enough ability to break the defense of the Liao State, deal a heavy blow to the Liao State, and finally take the Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun, but only to offset the pressure brought by Han Qi.

Once Jia Chaochang won the first battle with the support of Jia Chaochang, the next thing could not be stopped, and I am afraid that the only thing that restricted the Northern Song Dynasty from achieving results was the logistics problem

The Longbow team already has some characteristics of a thermal weapon, and the ability to project per unit of time is the key to the longbow, not pursuing individual strength, pursuing the strength of the whole, with the help of a covered attack, and then achieving enough damage.

This method, for the era of cold weapons, is almost insolvable, the only constraint, is the problem of logistics, a longbowman, in a battle, projecting 180 arrows, which is almost more than 4 times that of ordinary short archers, plus the length and quality of the longbow, simple projection ability, the longbow for logistics requirements, at least about 10 times that of the short bow.

In fact, more than ten times, after the longbow showed its power, the generals of the Northern Song Dynasty have realized the terrible longbow, because of the relationship between cheapness and power, basically the main arms of the forbidden army are set to the longbow, in this way, a complete forbidden army unit, almost more than 6 percent of the longbowmen, this is more than 10 times the previous one, so calculated, the logistics pressure of a forbidden army is even greater.

Even if there are enough horses as logistics, it is easy to do in the territory, once it penetrates into the territory of Liao, the trouble will be big, and it may take 10 days to be able to reserve enough materials for continuous high-intensity warfare, in this way, just like the era of thermal weapons, logistics has an absolute impact on the battle, and the seven-day battle and the 10-day battle will become the law.

This point, the Northern Song Dynasty, has not yet realized it, but of course Zhao Xin knows that it is better to raise it in advance than to wait until there is a logistical problem and cause the losses of the Northern Song Dynasty.

Zhao Xin this time, it is to add bricks and tiles, not only military, economic, but also as well, developed transportation will bring great economic benefits.

The traffic problem is a big problem, the wheel changes the world, there is nothing wrong with this, the whole world-famous development history is caused by the change of tools.

The material of tools has become a key to the division of society, from stone tools, to bronze, to iron tools, but the expansion of a kingdom has nothing to do with tools, and has a direct relationship with transportation.

From the beginning of the formation of the dynasty, the expansion of the kingdom was directly related to the wheel, and it was impossible for the kingdom to expand without a suitable, universal means of transportation.