There are many cash crops in the Americas, unlike the United States in later generations, most of them are imported products, soybeans and food crops, which are the specialties of the North American continent, but in South America, in the tropical cloud forests of Brazil, the huge biological community has given birth to too many species, and in the 21st century, it is a treasure trove of animals and plants.

Even Zhao Xin, who has been baptized by the information age in later generations, only knows that rubber and tobacco may also be available, but they are not so important.

Even to a certain extent, even rubber and tobacco are not so important, they are just the amount obtained incidentally when exploring the North American continent, and the real key is the three major crops.

This is the really strategic plant, in terms of the development process of China and Europe, in terms of population and development graphics, basically, the three major crops in South America, when they were popularized in Europe, the population began to grow rapidly, and the same is true in the East.

Although some of these words exaggerate the role of food, the real history proves that food plays an important role in development.

Farming civilization, in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, because of the war, coupled with the low technology of food, the population has not been very high, to the Han Dynasty, the time of unification and peace, coupled with the improvement of planting technology, the population began to increase rapidly, until the Northern Song Dynasty reached a peak.

After the Song Dynasty, not to mention the Yuan Meng, that is the historical regression, to the Ming Dynasty, has been dangling in this aspect, compared to the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties, although the Ming Dynasty said that it was dim, but the history of the Ming Dynasty was revised by the Qing Dynasty, how many credible elements there are, it is difficult to say, just say that an emperor has not been in court for more than ten years, but the government is stable, which is almost impossible in the Qing Dynasty, or in other words, most of the dynasties in history.

Under the premise that there is no war and no other technical means, the importance of food can not be exaggerated, although it is said that if you concentrate on research, such as the hybrid rice that Zhao Xin understands, but no matter how hybrid rice, its foundation is not as high as the three major crops, not to mention, these three major crops, even if people do not eat, use them as animal husbandry and feed industry, it is also a good choice.

The importance of the three major crops makes Zhao Xin pay too much attention to it, and when Zhao Xin's requirements have not yet reached the exploration fleet, someone has already brought the patterns of the three major crops ashore and started the first step of exploration.

The development of the Dinghai Navy is systematic and step-by-step, such as the early base, the back base, the general base, and then to the Dinghai Navy, step by step.

If these actions are not used without discovery, but once a valuable island is discovered, a series of activities will follow according to the size of the island and the position it occupies.

First the exploration fleet, then the small base, then the large base, and even the subsequent base, and in the end, the entire Dinghai Navy will be involved in it, which is the real large-scale development.

Zhao Xin's investment in navigation exploration is absolutely huge, such a huge investment, of course, there will be results, this is a chain reaction, and there is no need for Zhao Xin to give orders on the side of the Dinghai Navy, according to the established rules, as long as it is discovered, the front base can be dealt with in advance, and then follow up, which is also to avoid problems.

However, even if it is decentralized, even if it is to replace the general base in the rear with the forward base, which increases the timeliness, it is still not so convenient.

There is such a 24-hour train on land, and the speed is still fast, but it is not possible at sea, even if it is the fastest clipper ship, his speed will not exceed 35 kilometers per hour, let alone other ships, hundreds of kilometers, thousands of kilometers of the ocean, to deliver the news, it is really going to die.

This was evident as early as the exploration of the Kuril Islands, Kamchatka, but unfortunately, there was no way to solve it, but it was only possible to decentralize the task and solve the matter as much as possible in a small area, instead of reporting everything.

In this way, there are some convenient problems, but new problems have been formed, what level of problems can be solved by themselves, how big the problem is, only feedback, this degree of control, this decentralization of power, this is a very complicated matter.

Of course, Zhao Xin also knows that the best way to solve this task is to get the telegraph out, because at the beginning, it was based on wireless telegraphy, because it was mainly the contact at sea, the real contact on the road, but it was not so important, the speed of the steam locomotive 140 kilometers per hour, within 2000 kilometers, can be conveyed in place within one day, not as at sea, more than 10,000 kilometers of voyage, often 30 days, or even 40 days, if there is really an emergency, the right is not delegated, cucumber dishes will be cold.

Wireless telegraphy has no clue, radio waves, I haven't figured it out, let alone wireless telegraphy, this research team has been very valued by Zhao Xin, at the beginning, invested a lot of energy and material resources, but after studying for a long time, not to mention a phased achievement, even if there is no clue, everyone according to Zhao Xin's description to achieve, but in the end, there is not even a little progress.

At the critical moment, Zhao Xin did not directly order the executive, and everyone continued to study according to this, but changed the direction in a timely manner, changing the direction from wireless telegraphy to wired telegraphy.

This is just in line with the direction of development, once turned to the cable telegraph, it immediately showed excellent results, cable telegraph, itself is very simple, even if Zhao Xin has never been in contact, but watch so many TV dramas, and then think about it a little, you will know the principle of cable telegraph, mainly represented by three different electrical pulse signals, point, drawing, interval, this is actually, that is, different pulse signals.

As long as it is on a circuit, make a special switch, switch and close, and then interval time, these three different choices, and then classify and summarize to form a code, and then you can transmit the signal.

This is easy to say, but it is not easy to do, at least, Zhao Xin put forward such a basic idea, and the researchers divided it into several directions and gradually perfected it, which was finally completed.

The wired telegraph, the completion of the telegraph and the receiver, is just the first step of the long march, but it only satisfies the hardware problems, with these machines, the telegraph machine transmits only electrical pulse signals, not telegrams.

How to regularize this electrical impulse signal, and with the transmitted wire number as the carrier information, this telegram does not exist.

Zhao Xin knew the Moore cipher, and he also knew that the five strokes of the king code all used three or four keys to represent different signals.

It's just that the Chinese characters, input, need some foundation and discrimination, however, Zhao Xin in the school's basic education, the introduction of pinyin alphabet, students learn to enroll, initially only need to record a small part of the letters, and then through the letters to form countless combinations, so that students can be convenient for the initial contact with Chinese characters, strengthen the learning efficiency.

In fact, this is also one of the sources of the Moore cipher, as long as you use different combinations to form the letters of Pinyin, and then combine them according to the unique spelling method, relatively speaking, it is more cumbersome, but for the premise that there is no better way to pass it, this is the best choice.

Dotted interval, the basis of this telegraph, is easy to solve, on a closed circuit, the formation of a special line switch can be, enough to ensure that for the three operations of the circuit, the formation of the telegraph, no one can understand, no matter how to do, are three kinds of control, and then, the most important thing is to form a set of passwords, and then sort out the different combinations to form a closed electrical pulse signal, but also through the wire to any direction.

Two aspects at the same time, first of all, the organization of at least 1,000 people, for the Moore code to formulate, to ensure that the method of making this development rigorous and effective, after a long period of efforts, the password was finally compiled, nearly 100 large and small combinations, and some special codes plus an expansion, and finally formed the first version of the code.

Of course, Zhao Xin knows that such a code, it is impossible to rely on the first version to hit the world, the Moore code is after the appearance of the foundation, and gradually familiar, although it is said that the Dinghai has spent a huge amount of manpower and material resources, and all the directions have been thought out clearly, but there is still a chance of problems.

In the laboratory, when the hardware and software of the telegraph machine were being carried out with all-out public relations, the strong construction ability of the Dinghai Navy was also demonstrated, and the first telegraph line was laid next to the railway line, on the railway line from Shenyang to Huludao, even if it was just a simple line of ordinary cable, but it represented a breakthrough in Dinghai.

A 200-kilometer telegraph line, which is really not very long, but has a special significance, is the first and also an experimental line.

After a simple test, the main thing is to test whether the wire is passable, the telegraph line, it is so simple, it can be smooth, but when the telegraph is assumed to be on both sides, this telegraph line becomes meaningful.

At the same time, the telegraph is struck, and the radio waves are quickly transmitted through the telegraph line to the other side, and there is a special telegraph operator responsible for sending and receiving the telegram.

In this world, there is no such thing as a telegraph, and the basic principle is that all the sender and receiver personnel are trained and qualified before they can take up their posts.

These people, without Eagle Eye, because they are not familiar with it, and because of the first nervousness, the first signal was not broken, but then, according to the rules, the same telegram needs to be sent several times in a certain interval of time, and after confirming that it is correct three times, the telegram can be determined.

1 minute interval sending, a total of 5 minutes, and 10 minutes later, the other party finally succeeded in determining the content of the code, and carried out 3 checks, when the two simple telegrams of hello, by train, arrived a few hours later, the scene was a sensation.

The Dinghai Navy has basically popularized the train, and there are trains that can pass through most of the current cities of the Dinghai Navy.

It can be said that from the transmission of news, it has been much more convenient than before, most places, it may take two or three days to deliver a message, for daily life, or civilian needs, it is enough, but for some urgent matters, it is not good.

For example, if the family is not in the local area, in a foreign enemy, or in the hometown, there is a state of acute illness, if you rely on the traditional train system to send letters, although it is said, the train may only run for about a day, sorting, low hands, you can't make an exception for you alone, conservative estimates, it will take two or three days.

Sometimes, in the Dinghai Navy, if ordinary people encounter this kind of emergency, if they have the conditions, they will choose to send someone to run a trip specifically for this matter, if there is no special person, they can only send a letter, generally speaking, if it is a sudden illness, or something else, it is difficult to see the last side, which is an indelible sadness for China's filial piety governance.

Almost every resident of the Navy has social security, and if there is an emergency illness, what should be done with the money, how will the money come from, and after three or four days, the person will not die thoroughly.

This is still ordinary and civil emergency, business, factory, these timeliness is stronger, sometimes, a message can avoid a lot of losses.

In the same way, for the country, this is even more so, transportation and information dissemination, under the premise of a certain premise, if you have to have a faster channel, which is huge for the stability and cohesion of a country.

If it is said that the telegraph network has been completely rolled out in the Dinghai Navy, the efficiency and the situation in all aspects will be much better, not to mention, according to the technical indicators, the speed of current operation is 300,000 kilometers per second, and the pheasant means that the farther the distance, the better the effect, which is very necessary for remote management, and even the future of the Americas, and then Hainan and Southeast Asia, if you can lay submarine cables, you can also carry out links.

After all, the submarine cable, first of all, the cable itself, what kind of cable to use, in order to exist on the seabed for a long time, with what to isolate the corrosion and invasion of the seabed, and, in the end, sink in the seabed, not affected by all kinds of wind and waves, and use a line in the south, in order to avoid the impact of the ship as much as possible.

Buoys, and other things are set up, these are useful, the most important thing is that if it is interrupted, how to test the location, and the problem of the link, these require a series of studies, otherwise, it is not easy to lay submarine cables, once damaged, it is not easy to maintain, it is not easy to increase, which loses the convenience,

Needless to say, the submarine cable needs to be done, this is what needs to be done in the future, but now, this telegraph is basically completed, and it also has the ability to use it, and the next step is to gradually spread it, and this cable telegraph will be spread to the entire Dinghai Navy, and even all parts of the Northern Song Dynasty, so that the news will become well-informed.

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