To be sure, Japan is far less thorough in the course of capitalism than China, first of all, it retains imperial power, and I think that any state system is three-dimensional, while Japan is flat. Why is it flat, and the fact that a state system, including the system, is also determined by the ruling class in terms of laws, ruling structure, and state system. For the state is always the state of the most powerful, economically dominant class. This class needs to consolidate its economic base in its favor with the help of the state apparatus in its hands. When the contradiction between the productive forces and the relations of production leads to a change in the social mode of production, sooner or later the state system will change with it.

The nature of a state is mainly determined by the status of various social classes in the state, but at the same time, it is also influenced and constrained by factors such as the economic foundation and spiritual civilization, and is the result of the joint action of the three

Japan, on the other hand, is a state system determined by imperial power, and the constitutions of capitalist countries usually stipulate the state system in supra-class terms such as "sovereignty resides in the people" and "state of the whole people", denying the class nature of the state. Imperial power is the most representative form of feudal society.

We can be sure that Japan is formally a bourgeois state, but in essence it is a continuation of feudal society.

We went through the Xinhai Revolution and eradicated the imperial power. Although it seems that the country is scattered, you have not found that our country's constitution and laws are a living bourgeois constitution and laws. China abolished the imperial power system, and the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional Government of the Republic of China announced the end of the feudal absolute monarchy in China that had been practiced for more than 2,000 years. We have done this more thoroughly than Japan and Britain thoroughly, and although we are not as good as the United States, we are proud to be the leader in the world of national polity.

The process of modernization of China's legal system has thus entered a new stage of development. The Outline of the Organization of the Provisional Government of the Republic of China, promulgated in December 1911, confirmed the bourgeois republican form of government in the form of law and provided a legal basis for the establishment of the Provisional Government of Nanjing. During the period of the Nanjing Provisional Government, a series of laws and regulations were formulated and promulgated, and corresponding judicial reforms were carried out, making important contributions to the introduction of Western laws and the establishment of a modern legal system. The Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China, formulated and promulgated by the Nanjing Provisional Government, is a legal document with the constitutional nature of a bourgeois republic in the history of modern Chinese constitutional government, and is of epoch-making significance.

As for the domestic situation, I will talk about it in detail in the second half, but we will continue to talk about our neighbor Japan. Japan's original territory was roughly equivalent to that of our Anhui Province, but in modern times, Japan forcibly occupied Taiwan Province of China and Sakhalin Island of Soviet Russia, and its territory has increased. Don't be indignant, this is very fair, the level of industrialization and education are not as advanced as others, and it is normal for backwardness to be beaten.

I know what you think, and I advise you not to think about it for the time being, and to bury your head in work for five years.

Why Japan is a flat capitalist country, I briefly explained it earlier. In 1912, Emperor Meiji, who ended the shogunate period and ushered in the Meiji Restoration, died, and his only adult son, Yoshihito, ascended the throne as the 123rd emperor in Japanese history, the Taisho Emperor. In the 1920s, after two constitutional campaigns and the establishment of universal suffrage, the Kihara Kei Cabinet was formed, and party politicians won victory over the oligarchs of the Meiji period, and party politics became the mainstream, which was the most important achievement in political construction during the Taisho period.

Hara Kei, the first civilian-born political party politician in Japanese history to become prime minister, successfully formed a cabinet that marked the establishment of party politics. However, in the final analysis, Taisho democracy is a crappy democracy, and it has the shell of a democratic system, and its core is still unable to avoid the encroachment of autocracy from the legal principle. This autocracy under the cloak of democracy comes from two aspects: one is the supreme imperial power that hangs over the bureaucracy; On the other hand, there is an independent military ministry that is not completely controlled by the civilian government.

Democracy should consist of three elements – party politics, universal elections, and restrictions on privileges. Japan has not really achieved this within its political structure. The imperial power remains.

The transcendent authority of the emperor under the framework of the 1889 constitution is incompatible with the democratic system, and it suppresses the normal construction of democratic politics. The Meiji Constitution's ideology of "sovereignty rests with the king" attributed the source of national rights to the emperor's gifts, and fostered a strong sense of allegiance among the Japanese people. As a result, Japan did not succeed in establishing a true constitutional monarchy in the early twentieth century, but limped forward in a semi-democratic, semi-authoritarian form. So the "Meiji Restoration" should belong to the category of unification of royal power.

In 1920, Japan's steel production was 810,000 tons, the United States 42.81 million tons, Britain 9.21 million tons, France 2.71 million tons, Germany 8.54 million tons, and China 68,000 tons.

As Hu Wenkai reported the numbers, there was a buzzing exchange in the audience.

Japan can say with certainty that it will not be willing to give our country ten years of stable development, but now it is mired in a post-war economic crisis and is unable to support a local war, and even a war of tens of thousands of people will drag its economy down until it collapses.

I personally predict that before 1925 Japan will only invade our country through economic means, so don't be indignant, there is no way to fall behind, as long as it abides by the rules of international use, we will have to endure it. However, Japan must follow the principle of reciprocity and open its market to China.

I will talk about Japan for the time being, and I will mention it again in the light of China's main tasks today, and now I will talk about the United States, a great country with the best social system and scientific and technological civilization in today's society.

If you think I'm exaggerating, I'll talk about the geographical superiority of the United States, which is located in North America, between Canada and Mexico, and has a smaller area than China but far more arable than China, with a length of 4,500 kilometers from east to west, a width of 2,700 kilometers from north to south, and a coastline of 22,680 kilometers. Most of the region has a continental climate, and the south has a subtropical climate.

The United States is rich in agricultural, mineral, and forest resources, and occupies a pivotal position in the world. Agricultural land (arable and pastureland) is about 4. 300 million hectares, about 10% of all agricultural land on Earth. With abundant rainfall and fertile soil, grain production accounts for 1/5 of the world's total output, and the output of major agricultural and livestock products such as wheat, corn, soybeans, cotton, and meat ranks first in the world. In terms of minerals, the output of iron ore, coal, natural gas, lead, zinc, silver, uranium, molybdenum, zirconium and other products ranks among the top in the world.

The United States, a country where you dig into its development history, you can find that God is taking care of him, located in North America, far from the European continent, the center of world disputes, and the two neighbors are standard neighbors who are well-behaved little brothers, and they will never dare to touch a single hair of his hair. From 1877 to 1898, modern industrialization and the transition to monopoly capitalism were completed.

This was a turbulent period in the history of the U.S. economy. The United States began the scientific and technological revolution marked by the revolution of electricity and the revolution of the internal combustion engine, completed modern industrialization at the highest level in the world at that time, and became the world's number one industrial power by catching up with Germany and the United Kingdom. At the same time, liberal capitalism developed into a typical modern enterprise organization and trust state, and modern organizations such as Poole, trusts, and holding companies appeared, and entered the development stage of modern capitalism, that is, monopoly capitalism. In the political sphere, the United States has formed a bourgeois two-party system that mainly represents the interests of monopoly capitalism.

In 1918, the American Education Association put forward the "Seven Principles of Education" for secondary school, that is, maintaining physical and mental health, civic duty, and being good at using leisure time and moral character, as the guiding principles for the goal of national secondary education, so as to meet the educational requirements of American social life. Numerous universities have cultivated millions of young intellectuals, providing a steady stream of high-quality productivity for the great industrial age, factories in the United States can recruit professional and technical personnel at will, and major laboratories have attracted the world's top scientists.

The Spanish-American War marked the transition of the United States from liberal capitalism to modern capitalism, and it was also the marker that divides modern and modern American history. As a result of the Spanish-American War, the United States truly stepped into the ranks of the world's economic powers, embarked on the road of foreign economic expansion, and formulated an "open door" policy in the Far East. After World War I, the United States made a fortune and became the world's largest exporter of capital in 1916.

In the 20 years after the war, the American economy reached new heights. The economic and political domination of modern capitalism was further consolidated in the United States through Theodore Roosevelt's "fair dealing", Woodrow Wilson's "neo-liberal" policies, the progressive movement in the United States, and the laissez-faire of the American economy in the twenties.

As early as 1910, the national rail network was formed. With nearly 410,000 kilometers of railways, it ranks first in the world. There are 2.1 million people working for the railways. The railroad boom in the United States was an important factor in the industrialization of the United States. Moreover, the formation of the rail network helped the United States to determine the four official time zones of the Pacific, Mountain, Central, and Eastern in a unified plan.

The United States, which had been neutral in World War I and then entered the war, was still largely a fledgling modern capitalist country in terms of economic and political power, and its attempts at hegemony were unable to do so, and it was thwarted at the Paris Peace Conference. After the war, the United States, while consolidating its bases in Latin America, will engage in a global struggle for economic hegemony.

The United States and us are separated by this vast Pacific Ocean, and with the perfect laws of the United States, as long as we follow the principle of open door, there is no serious conflict with us. Our products can knock on the door of the United States unimpeded, and of course, American products and technologies must be allowed to come to China.

China does not have the ability to carry out global economic hegemony with the United States, and of course he will not treat you as an opponent to suppress you, as long as he gives it a market for its products, I believe that the United States will be happy to promote China's economic development.

Some people in the audience shook their heads incessantly, not agreeing with Hu Wenkai's words. There's no way to just throw out the best option right now.

He stood on the stage and forgot that it was late May 1922, and poured out the order of the accumulated knowledge of decades. After talking for nearly an hour, he stopped abruptly, paused for a while, and the audience was silent.