Author: Zhuge Liang

Volume I

○ Military power

The man who has the power of the army is the commander of the three armies and the power of the general. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 info will be able to wield the power of the army, and the momentum of the army will come to the group, such as a tiger, plus wings and soar all over the world, and do whatever it encounters. If you lose your power and don't use your momentum, you will be like a fish and a dragon getting out of the rivers and lakes, wanting to swim in the ocean, and run the waves, how can you get it.

○ Chase away evil

There are five evils in the disadvantages of the husband's militarism: first, it is said that the party is connected and the virtuous are slandered; Second, it is said that its clothes are extravagant, and its crown and belt are different; The third is to boast of witchcraft and sophistry; Fourth, it is said to investigate right and wrong, and move the public privately; The fifth is to wait for gains and losses, and to confine the enemy. This so-called treacherous and disobedient person can be far away and not kissable.

○ Know human nature

The husband knows the nature of people, and it is not difficult to observe. There are both good and evil, different feelings, there are gentle and deceitful, there are those who are flattering and deceitful, there are those who are brave and cowardly, and there are those who are trying their best but are not loyal. However, there are seven ways to know people: one is to judge their will by right and wrong, the second is to observe their changes by rhetoric, the third is to consult and judge their knowledge, the fourth is to tell them to see their courage by disasters, the fifth is to be drunk and to see their nature, the sixth is to see their incorruptibility by profit, and the seventh is to observe their faith.

○Shogaku

There are nine generals: the way is virtuous, all are courteous, and know its hunger and cold, observe its labor, this is called benevolence; There is no avoidance, not for profit, there is the glory of death, there is no shame of life, this is the righteous general; Expensive but not arrogant, victorious but not arrogant, virtuous and able, rigid and tolerant, this is called a courtesy; Unpredictable, actional, turn misfortune into blessing, win in danger, this is called wisdom; There is a generous reward for entering, a severe punishment for retreating, the reward is not overdue, and the punishment is not expensive, which is called a letter general; Foot light horse, air cover thousands of people, good at solidifying the territory, long in the sword halberd, this is called a step; Climb high and track danger, gallop like flying, advance first, retreat to the apse, this is called a horseman; The three armies are strong, cowardly in small battles, brave in big enemies, which is called a fierce general; If you can't see the virtuous, follow the advice like the stream, wide and strong, brave and calculating, this is called a general.

○Will

will be the vessel, which is used in different sizes. If it is to detect its treachery, serve its troubles, and be obeyed by the public, this ten husbands will be the generals; Sleeps at night, and the words are secretly investigated, this centenarian general; Straight and worried, brave and able to fight, this thousand generals; The appearance is Huanhuan, the love is fierce, the people are hardworking, the people are hungry and cold, this will be a general; Virtuous and energetic, cautious every day, honest and lenient, idle and chaotic, this 100,000 people; Benevolence and love are in harmony, faith and righteousness serve neighbors, astronomy, personnel inspection, geography, and the four seas are regarded as families, and the world will be the general.

○Will be cheating

The husband is the way of the general, there are eight evils, one is greedy and insatiable, the second is jealous and jealous, the third is good and slanderous, the fourth is not self-expected, the fifth is hesitant and not self-determined, the sixth is absurd and lustful, the seventh is treacherous and cowardly, and the eighth is cunning and not polite.

○Shoshi

The soldier is a murderous weapon, and the general is in danger, and if the weapon is rigid, it is lacking, and the responsibility is heavy. Therefore, the good general, not strong, not sluggish, favored but not happy, humiliated but not afraid, not greedy for profit, not lewd when he sees beauty, martyrdom for the country, just one will.

○Will be good

There will be five virtues and four desires. The five good people are the so-called good at knowing the situation of the enemy, knowing the way of advance and retreat, knowing the reality of the country, knowing the time and personnel, and knowing the dangers of mountains and rivers. The four desires, the so-called war desire is strange, the desire for secret, the desire for quiet, and the desire for one.

○Will be rigid

A good general, its rigidity can not be broken, its softness cannot be rolled, so the weak to control the strong, to the soft to control the rigid. Pure and soft, pure and weak, it is bound to be cut; Pure and strong, it is bound to perish; Not soft or rigid, it is always in line with the way.

○Will be stingy

will not be arrogant, arrogant is rude, rude will leave, and people will be judged if they leave. Will not be stingy, stingy will not be rewarded, reward is not good, reward is not fatal, soldier is not fatal, the army is useless, no merit is the country, the country is empty, the country is empty, the country is real. Confucius said: "If there is the beauty of Zhou Gong's talent, he is arrogant and stingy, and the rest is not enough." ”

○Will be strong

There will be five strong and eight evils. Gaojie can be vulgar, filial piety can be famous, Xinyi can make friends, Shen Shu can tolerate the public, and practice can make contributions, and this will be the top five. Seeking can not predict right and wrong, etiquette can not be virtuous, government cannot be righteous and criminal, rich can not help the poor, wisdom can not be prepared, worry can not prevent subtlety, can not be known, defeat can not be without resentment, this is called the eight evils.

○Teacher

The ancients had a country in danger, Jun Jian was able to let it, Qi three days, entered the temple, stood in the south, and the north, the master entered the Yue in the king. The king held the handle to confer the general, and said: "From now on to the army, the general will cut it." The reply said: "If you see the emptiness, you will advance, and if you see the truth, you will retreat." Don't be a slut because of your wealth, don't disobey the public with your own opinions, and don't lose your faithfulness because of your power. Don't sit if you don't sit, don't eat if you don't eat, don't eat with the cold, wait for work and rest, all of them are in danger, so the soldiers will die, and the enemy will die. He received the words, chiseled the murderous door, led the army out, sent it to him, knelt down and pushed the hub, and said: "When advancing and retreating, the affairs in the army are not ordered by the king, but by the general." "If this is the case, then there is no heaven above, no earth below, no enemy in front, and no lord behind. It is to worry about the wise and fight for the brave, so it can be defeated outside, succeeded in the inside, famous in future generations, and blessed in future generations.

○Selection of materials

The trip of the master is also, there are those who are aggressive and musical, and those who take strong enemies alone, gather as one apprentice, and are called people who serve the country; There are three armies of gas cover, and those who are brave and brave in material strength are gathered as one disciple, and the name is called the man of Tu Chen; There are those who are light and good at walking, walking like galloping horses, gathered as a disciple, and the name is the person who holds the flag; There are those who ride and shoot like flying, and those who are all hit, gather as a disciple, and the name is a person who competes for the front; Those who shoot and die will gather as a disciple, and the name is a galloping man; There are good crossbows, far away and in the middle, gathered into a disciple, known as the man who destroys the edge. The good men of these six armies are also used because of their ability.

○Smart use

The husband is the way of the general, and he will follow the sky, the time, and the people to win. Therefore, when heaven does not do it, but man does it, it is said to be against time; When the day is not done but the man does, it is said to be against the sky; If heaven does what he does and man does not do it, it is said to be against man. The wise man does not go against the sky, nor against the time, nor against the people.

○I do not show it

The ancient good ones are not teachers, the good teachers are not Chen, the good Chen are not fighting, the good fighters are not defeated, and the good losers are not dead. In the past, the governance of the saints was also, living in peace, enjoying their work, and not attacking each other until the old, it can be said that the good man is not a teacher. If Shun cultivates the punishment and blames him for being a judge, if he does not do the order, the punishment cannot be done, and it can be said that the good teacher does not show it. If Yu has seedlings, Shun dances dry feathers and Miao, it can be said that those who are good at Chen do not fight. If Qi Huan is strong in the south and Shanrong in the north, it can be said that the good fighter is undefeated. If Chu Zhao suffers a disaster, he runs to Qin for help, and he can return to the country, which can be said to be the best loser will not die.

○ Admonitions

The book says: "Insulting a gentleman is reckless to the hearts of the people; insulting villains and doing their best. "Solidify the essentials of the march, take the heart of the hero, reward and punish strictly, the way of general civil and martial arts, practice the art of rigidity and softness, speak of etiquette and music, and write poetry, first benevolence and righteousness and then wisdom and bravery; Quiet as a diving fish, moving like a running otter, mourning its connection, folding its strength, shining with a flag, ring with a golden drum, retreating like a mountain, advancing like a wind and rain, breaking down if destroying, fighting like a tiger; Forced and tolerated, tempted by profit, taken by chaos, humble and arrogant, close and separated, strong and weak; Those who are in danger are safe, those who are afraid are happy, those who are traitors are cherished, those who are wronged are reclaimed, those who are strong are suppressed, those who are weak are supported, those who are plotting are close to them, those who slander them are overcome, and those who have gained wealth are with them; Do not double the army to attack the weak, do not rely on the crowd to underestimate the enemy, do not be arrogant to be arrogant, and do not use favor and prestige; Plan first and then move, know the victory and start the battle; It is not for its wealth to be treasured, and it is not for its children to be self-serving. will be able to do this, strictly declare the order and people are willing to fight, then the soldiers will join forces and people will be happy to die.

○Guard

The great affairs of the husband and the country do not precede the guard. If the husband misses the slightest centimeter, it will be as bad as a thousand miles, and the army will be killed, and the momentum will not be exceeded, but there is no fear! Therefore, when there is tribulation, the monarch and the minister will eat and seek it, and choose the virtuous and let it go. If it is safe and not thinking of danger, Kou Zhi is not afraid, this is called the swallow's nest in the curtain, the fish swims in the ding, and the death is not the end. The legend said: "If you are not prepared, you can't be a teacher." He also said: "Be prepared, the good governance of the ancients." He also said: "The bee fly is still poisonous, but what about the country?" "Unprepared, though the crowd should not be afraid. Therefore, it is said: be prepared. Therefore, the trip of the three armies must not be unprepared.

○Practice

The husband army has no practice, and it is not one in a hundred; If you are accustomed to using it, one can be used as a hundred. Therefore, Zhong Ni said: "To fight without teaching is to abandon it." He also said: "A good man who has taught the people for seven years can also be punished immediately." "Then it is necessary to teach it, teach it with etiquette and righteousness, teach it with faithfulness, admonish it with punishment, and reward and punish it, so people know and persuade it, and then learn it, or divide it, sit and get up, stop it, go and leave, and join it, scatter and gather it. One person can teach ten people, ten people can teach 100 people, 100 people can teach 1000 people, 1000 people can teach 10,000 people, and three armies can be taught, and then the coach and the enemy can win.

○ Beetle

During the trip of the three armies, there were visits without trial, and the beacon fire was out of order; In the later stage, the order should not be timed, obstructing the master and apprentice; At first glance, the drum is not alloyed; The top is not compassionate and the bottom is excessive; selfish favoritism, not caring for hunger and cold; is not a lie, and it is vain to state good and bad; There is nothing noisy, and the generals are confused; Brave and uncontrolled, dedicated to the mausoleum; Encroaching on the treasury and giving it money without permission. These nine, the beetles of the three armies, some will be defeated.

○Abdomen

If the husband is a general, he must have a heart, ears, eyes, and minions. Those who have no heart, such as people walking at night, are at a loss; Those who have no ears and eyes are like dwelling in the dark, and do not know how to move; Those who have no claws and teeth, like a hungry man who eats poison, will not die. Therefore, those who are good at generals must have those who are well-informed and wise as their hearts, those who are cautious and cautious as their eyes and ears, and those who are brave and good at their enemies as their minions.

○I look forward to it

The defeated army lost the division, and there was no one who did not cause trouble because of the underestimation of the enemy, so the division was disciplined, and the loss of discipline was fierce. There are fifteen laws in the law: one is worried, and the spy is clear; Second, it is said that it is a waiting; The three are brave, and the enemy is indomitable; Fourth, it is said to be cheap, see Li Siyi; Five are flat, rewards and punishments are also; Sixth, forbearance, kindness and shame; Seven is said to be wide, which can accommodate the public; Eight letters, heavy promises; Nine said respect, etiquette and ability; Ten is clear, and there is no slander; Eleven is cautious, not against etiquette; Twelve are benevolent, good at raising soldiers; Thirteen said loyalty, to serve the country; Fourteen minutes, knowing that it is enough; Fifteen said that he was planning, and he knew that he was also.

○Machine-shaped

The husband is foolish and wise, and the reverse is also; Overcome foolishness with wisdom, shun also; Wisdom overcomes wisdom, and opportunity is also. There are three ways: one is about things, two is about potential, and three is about feelings. If you can't respond to the opportunity, it's not wise; The potential is mobile and cannot be controlled, and it is not virtuous; If you can't do it, you can't do it, and you can't do it. Those who are good will win because of the opportunity.

○ Heavy sentence

Wu Qi said: Drumming Jin Duo, so Weier; Banner, so majestic; The ban is punished, so the prestige. The ear is mighty and loud, and it cannot be cleared; The eyes are intimidating, and they must not be unknown; The heart is full of punishment, and it must not be strict. If the three do not stand, the taxi can be lazy. Therefore, it is said: If you take it, you must not move your heart; If you refer to it, you can't go forward.

○Good general

There are four good generals in the ancients: show them to advance and retreat, so people know the forbidden; Tempting them to be benevolent and righteous, so people know etiquette; The emphasis is on right and wrong, so people know and persuade; Decide to reward and punish, so people know and believe. Forbidden, courteous, persuasive, and believing, the great scriptures of the teacher. There is no upright and uncomfortable eyes, so if you can fight, you will win, and you will win. If you are a general, you can't stop retreating, and you can't ban it, so you die with the army. If there is no admonition, the reward and punishment will be incorrect, and people will not believe, and the virtuous will retreat and be stubborn, and they will be defeated and scattered in battle.

○Cause of trial

If the husband is defeated by the power of the people, the Yellow Emperor cannot compete with him; Because of the strength of people to win, then soup and martial arts can not compete with merit. If you can judge the reason and add the victory, then the heroes of ten thousand men will be able to make money, and the heroes of the four seas will be controlled.

● Volume II

○Troop strength

There are three ways to march the army: one is the sky, the second is the earth, and the third is the people. The celestial power, the sun and the moon are clear, the five stars are combined, the comet is not harmful, and the wind is harmonious; The terrain, the city is steep and steep, the flood waves are thousands of miles, the stone gate is secluded, and the sheep intestines are curved; The powerful people, the main saint and the sage, the three armies are courteous, the soldiers use their lives, and the food and armor are well prepared. Those who are good generals, because of the time of the sky, the situation of the place, according to the interests of people, the invincible one, and the one who hits is perfect.

○ Victory or defeat

The virtuous are on top, the unscrupulous are on the bottom, the three armies are happy, the soldiers are afraid to obey, they discuss each other to fight bravely, look at each other with might, and persuade each other to reward each other with punishment, this must win the battle. The soldiers are lazy and slow, the three armies are frightened, they are rude to the letter, people are not afraid of the law, they are afraid of the enemy, they talk to each other for profit, they ask each other for good and evil, and they are confused with evil words, and this is a sign of defeat.

○ Leave the right

The husband and the general are the county where human life is, the success or failure is also related, and the blessing and misfortune are relied on. And the reward and punishment without pretense is like binding the hand of the ape, and the responsibility is Tengjie; Glue away from Lou's eyes, and make it distinguish green and yellow, and it cannot be obtained. If the reward is transferred to the minister, the punishment is not up to the master, and the people are self-interested, who has a fighting heart? Although Yi and Lu Zhimou and Han Bai's merits, they can't defend themselves. Therefore, Sun Wu said: "If you take it out, the king's order will not be affected." Yafu said: "The army hears the general's order, but does not hear the edict of the Son of Heaven." ”

○ Mourn death

The good generals of the ancients, raising others as raising their own children, when there are difficulties, they will be the first, and if they are meritorious, they will be behind them; The wounded, weeping and caressing; The dead are buried in mourning; Those who are hungry give up their food and eat it; Those who are cold, undress and clothe; The wise man is courteous; The brave will be rewarded and persuaded. It will be able to do so, and it will be successful.

○Three bins

During the trip of the three armies, there will be guests to discuss the gains and losses, so as to use the resources. If there are words such as the county stream, the plot is unpredictable, well-informed, versatile, this hope can be cited as a guest; There are fierce bears and tigers, Jie Ruoteng apes, rigid as iron stones, and Liruo Longquan, the male of this moment, can be a Chinese guest; There are many words or medium, thin skills, ordinary people's ability, this can be cited as a guest.

○ After should

If it is difficult or easy, it is greater than fine, move first and then use, and punish without punishment, and the wisdom of this soldier is also. The master and apprentice have been listed, the horses are galloping, the strong crossbow is coming, the short soldiers are connected, and the enemy is in a hurry, and the ability to use the soldiers is also. The body rushed to the arrow, won for a while, success or failure was not divided, I was injured and died, and this soldier was also used.

○Convenience

The grass and trees are clustered, which is conducive to swimming; Heavy congestion of mountains and forests, benefit from surprise; There is no hidden forest in the front, and it is beneficial to lurk; Strike the crowd with less, and benefit the day; Strike the outnumbered with the crowd, and benefit the early morning; Strong crossbow soldiers, take advantage of the shortcut; Over the abyss across the water, the wind is strong and dark, and it is good to fight before and after.

○Respond to the opportunity

The art of victory, the shape of mutation, lies in the opportunity. Who is not a wise man who can see the opportunity and do it? The way to see the opportunity, don't precede it. Therefore, the beast is in danger, and the boy chases it with a halberd; The bees are poisonous, and the strong men are hesitant and discolored. With its misfortune, it is not a matter of worrying about changing speeds.

○I can do it

The ancients were good at using soldiers, and they predicted their victory or defeat. Who is the Lord? Who will be virtuous? Who can do it? What is the abundance of food? Who is the soldier? What is the appearance of the army? What is the horse? What's the risk? How wise are the guests? Who is the neighbor afraid of? How much money do you have? How are the people safe? From this point of view, the shape of strength and weakness can be decided.

○ Light war

The touch of the stinger bears its poison; A warrior can be brave and prepared. Therefore, if the sharp armor is strong, people will fight lightly. Therefore, the nail is not dense, and it is the same as the flesh; If you can't shoot, it's the same as no arrow; can not enter, the same as the non-arrow; Waiting is not careful, and there is no eye; The general is not brave, and the general is the same.

○Topography

The husband of the terrain is also the help of the soldiers. Those who do not know the battlefield and seek victory are not available. Mountains, forests, hills, and rivers, the land of this infantry; The soil is high and the mountains are narrow, and the vines belong to each other, and this car rides in the place; Attached to the mountains, high forests and deep valleys, this place of bows and crossbows; The grass is shallow and the soil is flat, and it can be front and back, this place of long halberds; The reeds are intertwined, the bamboo trees are intertwined, and this place of spears is also.

○Situation

There will be those who are brave and lightly killed, those who are anxious and quick-hearted, those who are greedy and happy, those who are benevolent but not forbearing, those who are wise but cowardly, and those who are scheming and slow. It is the brave and light death, but it can be violent; Those who are anxious and fast can be long; Those who are greedy and rejoicing in profit can be left behind; Those who are benevolent but not forbearant can also work; Those who are wise and cowardly can be embarrassed; Those who seek to ease their feelings can also attack.

○Strike

Those who are good at fighting in ancient times must first explore the enemy's situation and then plan it. Where the old teachers are out of food, the people are grieved, the military orders are not practiced, the equipment is not repaired, the plan is not set up first, the external rescue cannot be reached, the officials are carved and stripped away, the rewards and punishments are slack, the battalion is lost, and the victory is arrogant, and it can be attacked. If you use the virtuous to empower you, the food is surplus, the soldiers are strong, the neighbors are harmonious, and the big countries should come to the rescue, and the enemy has this, and it will be calculated.

○ Whole division

The husband marched out of the division and won with the whole. If the rewards and punishments are not clear, the laws and regulations are not believed, the money is not stopped, and the drums are not advanced, although there are millions of teachers, it is useless. The so-called whole teacher, living is polite, moving is powerful, can not advance, retreat can not be forced, front and back should be connected, left and right should be in danger with it, its people can be together but inseparable, available but not tired.

○Warriors

The way of the husband and the soldier, respect it as a knight, and support it with wealth, then the soldier will be all in it; If you take it with courtesy and believe it, you will not die; The animal is tireless, and if the law is painted one, then the soldiers are all convinced; First with the body, then with the people, then all the soldiers are brave; Small kindness must be recorded, small merit must be rewarded, and all scholars are advised.

○Self-encouragement

The sage is the sky, the sage is the law, and the wise is ancient. The arrogant are ruined, the delusional are in trouble, the many are untrustworthy, the self-worshipping are less gracious, the reward is left for the unsuccessful, the punishment is added to the resentment of the innocent, and the joy and anger are destroyed.

○Battle Road

The way of Fulin warfare: the day is wide and the flag is wide, the night is more golden drums, the use of short soldiers, skillfully in the ambush, or in the front, or in the back. The way of the war: the use of the sword, will want to try, the first way, ten miles of a game, five miles of a response, the banner of the Yanji, the special strict golden drum, so that the thief is at a loss. The way of valley warfare: skillful in setting up ambushes, good for brave fighting, light-footed people are above it, behind the palace of mortal soldiers, the great powers rush with crossbows, and follow with short soldiers, he can't go forward, I can't go. The way of water warfare: benefit in the boat, practice the soldiers to take advantage of it, multiple flags to confuse it, strict bows and crossbows to the middle, hold short soldiers to defend it, set up a fence to defend it, and hit it along the stream. The way of night fighting: the advantage is in the secret, or the submersible master rushes to surprise it, or the fire drum to confuse its ears and eyes, and attacks it at a gallop, which can be won.

○With people

The way of the husband and the soldier lies in the people, and the people do not persuade and fight themselves. If the generals guess each other, the soldiers are not satisfied, the loyalty is not used, the group slanders, and the slander is born to each other, although there is the wisdom of Tang and Wu, but can not win against the horseman, what about everyone?

○Investigation

Those who rise up and are quiet will be at risk; Those who are forced to challenge want others to advance; The trees move, and the cars come; He who is humble and wide in dust will come in vain; Those who resign and advance will retreat; Half-and-half-retreat, tempting also; He who walks with a rod is hungry; Those who see profit but do not advance, work also; Bird gatherers, void also; Those who call at night are afraid; The military disturber will not be heavy; The flag movers, chaos also; Those who are angry are tired; Those who count the rewards are embarrassed; Those who count the punishment are also sleepy; Those who come to thank them want to rest; The weight of the currency is sweet, and the temptation is also.

○Will love

The husband is the way of the general, and the military well has not been drawn, and he will not be thirsty; If the military food is not cooked, it will not be hungry; Before the arms are met, there will be no cold; If the military curtain is not applied, it will not be difficult. I don't use a fan in summer, I don't cover it in the rain, and I am with everyone.

○Authority

The body of one husband, millions of people, bound shoulders and resting, heavy feet to listen, those who dare not look up, the legal system dictates it. If there is no punishment at the top, and there is no rudeness and righteousness at the bottom, although there is a world and wealth from all over the world, and those who cannot be exempted from it will be ruined. The husband is rewarded and punished with the punishment of the husband, and the person cannot disobey his fate, Sun Wu, Sui Tho and the like. Therefore, the order cannot be taken lightly and is impassable.

○Toyi

Dongyi's nature, thin etiquette and less righteousness, defending urgency and fighting, Yishan and sea, self-consolidation with danger. There is harmony between the top and bottom, and the people are happy. If the upper and lower are separated, they can be interlined, and the gap is born, and the gap is cultivated.

○Nanban

There are many kinds of Nanban, sex can't be taught, and friends are united, and frustration is attacked. Dwelling in the cave by the mountain, or gather or scatter, west to Kunlun, east to the ocean, seafood and strange goods, so people are greedy and brave to fight. There are many diseases in spring and summer, and the advantage is to fight, and it is not possible to teach for a long time.

○ Xijon

Xirong's nature, brave and profitable, or city dwelling, or wilderness, less rice and grain, more gold and beyond, so people fight bravely, difficult to defeat. Since the west of the moraine, Zhurong is multiplying, the land is wide and dangerous, and the vulgar burden is very strong, so there are many people who are not subordinate. When it is provoked from outside, and if it is waited for internal strife, it can be broken.

○ Beidi

There is no city in the north, with the water and grass, the snobbery invades the south, the loss is the north, the long mountains are vast, enough for self-defense, the hungry hunts animals and drinks milk, the cold is the skin and wears the fur, runs and shoots, kills as the business, can not be moral, can not be subdued. Han does not fight, and it has slightly three. The Han soldiers ploughed and fought, so they were tired and timid; Captivity but shepherd, so easy and brave. To fatigue the enemy, to cowardly the enemy, not quite, this can not fight. Han is long in steps, galloping hundreds of miles a day; The captives are longer than riding, and the days are doubled. Han chases the captives and then the grain bears the armor and follows, and the captives chase the Han and drives the horses to carry it, the momentum of the luck and the negative has been different, and the shape of the chase is not equal, and this can not be fought twice. The Han war is more than a step, the captivity is more riding, and the momentum of the terrain is struggling, and the horse is fast and fast, and the county is late, and this can not be fought three times. As a last resort, it is better to guard the border. The way to guard the border, choose the good generals and let it, train the sharp soldiers and resist it, the wide camp field and the real, set up the beacon and wait for it to take advantage of it, because of its decline and take it, the so-called capital is not expensive and Kou is self-extricated, and people are not tired and take leniency.

1. Military power:

The so-called military power is the power of the general to command the three armies, and it is the key to the general's establishment of his prestige. Once the commander has mastered the power of the army, he has grasped the key point of commanding the army, like a fierce tiger with wings, not only has the power but also can soar all over the world, and can be flexible and adapt to any situation and take the initiative. On the other hand, if a general loses this power and cannot command the army, it is like a fish or a dragon that has left the rivers and lakes, and it is impossible to ask for the freedom to swim in the ocean and gallop and play in the waves.

2. Chasing Evil:

Whether it is governing the army or the country, there are five types of people who need to pay attention to them, and they are the scourge of the chaos of the country and the army. These five types of people are: privately forming friends, forming small groups, and loving to slander and attack talented and virtuous people; People who are extravagant, wasteful, wearing unusual hats, costumes, vain, and grandiose in their clothes; Those who unrealistically exaggerate the feelings of the people and create rumors to deceive the public; People who specialize in playing right and wrong and stirring up teachers for their own selfish interests; People who care a lot about their own personal gains and losses, and secretly collude with the enemy. These five kinds of hypocritical, treacherous, and virtuous villains can only stay away from them, but cannot be approached.

3. Knowing human nature:

There is nothing more difficult in the world than to truly understand one's nature. Everyone has different levels of good and evil, and their nature and appearance are not uniform. Some people are gentle in appearance but treacherous, some are modest but deceitful, some look brave but in fact cowardly, and some seem to have done everything in their power but in fact have other plans. However, there are seven ways to understand a person's nature: to ask him about his opinion on something in a divisive way, in order to examine his aspirations and positions; deliberately provoke him with fierce words to test his bearing and ability to adapt; consult him on a plan and seek his opinion in order to examine his knowledge; Tell him that great calamity is coming, so as to test his courage and courage; Take advantage of the opportunity to drink alcohol and make him drunk in order to observe his nature and cultivation; to lure him with benefits to see if he is incorruptible; Entrust him with something to do to see if he is trustworthy and trustworthy.

Fourth, the general:

According to the different talents of different generals, generals can be divided into nine types: one is to use their own virtues to educate subordinates, use etiquette to regulate the actions of subordinates, care for subordinates, ask for warmth, and share weal and woe with subordinates, this kind of general is a benevolent general. The second is to do things not only to eliminate disasters and difficulties, but also to have long-term plans, be meticulous, not be tempted by interests, and would rather dedicate themselves to honor than survive in humiliation. The third is to be in a high position but not domineering, outstanding achievements and not arrogant, virtuous but not high, humble and lower than their own status, upright personality and can accommodate others, such a general is a courtesy general. Fourth, the use of tactics is unfathomable, resourceful, can turn disaster into blessing in adversity, and knows that evil turns good in the face of danger, such a general is a wise general. Fifth, loyalty and faithfulness, reward those who have merit, punish those who have faults, reward and punish clearly, reward without delay, and punish regardless of the status of the other party. Sixth, he is agile, fast as a war horse when he charges, heroic, high-spirited and able to win thousands of people, good at defending the country, and good at swords. Seventh, he can climb high mountains, take dangerous places, gallop like the wind, take the lead, be unstoppable, and resist the enemy soldiers behind the team to cover others when retreating, such a general is a cavalry general. Eighth, the three armies are invincible, cautious and not sloppy in small battles, and more and more courageous in the face of powerful enemies, such generals are fierce generals. Nine is to meet the sage humbly ask for advice, to the opinions of others such as a stream, can be broad-minded, generous and upright, brave and decisive and full of strategy, such a general is a general.

Fifth, the general:

The temperament and bearing of the generals are different, and their skills and roles are different. If you can perceive the treachery of others, see the hidden dangers and misfortunes of things, and be convinced by your subordinates, this kind of general is a general of ten and can lead a team of ten people. If you get up early and go to bed late, work all day for official work, speak cautiously and carefully, and can listen to the voices of your subordinates, this kind of general is a centurion and can lead a team of 100 people. Honest and far-sighted, brave and good at fighting, such a general is a general of a thousand people, and can lead a team of thousands of people. Powerful on the outside, rich in feelings inside, bright and upright personality, able to understand the efforts and hardships of others, and able to care about the hunger and cold of others, this kind of general is a general of ten thousand men and can command the army of ten thousand people. A person who can raise a virtuous person, constantly enrich himself in virtue and cultivation, continuously, be loyal, credible, tolerant, generous, and good at governing troubled times, such a general is a general of 100,000 people, and can command an army of 100,000 people. Able to treat his subordinates with benevolence, and convincing the country, knowing astronomy, good at interpersonal relations, knowledge and geography, looking at the four seas, governing the country as if governing the country, governing the country as governing the family, harmony and perfection, such a general is the general of the world, can govern the whole world.

Sixth, the disadvantages:

As a general, there are eight drawbacks, which are taboos for generals to use soldiers: first, the demand for money and materials is never satisfied, and they are insatiable; second, there is a strong jealousy of virtuous and talented people; the third is to listen to slander and get close to villains who can speak well and flattery; Fourth, they can only analyze the enemy's situation, but they cannot correctly understand their own strength; fifth, hesitation in case of trouble; Sixth, they are addicted to wine and can't extricate themselves; Seventh, he is hypocritical and treacherous, and he is cowardly and cowardly; Eighth, they are cunning and discerning, arrogant and rude, and do not act according to the system.

7. General Chronicles:

Weapons are a kind of murder weapon, and commanding troops is a great responsibility. Weapons are stiff and easy to be damaged, and the general's task is heavy, so there is a risk. Therefore, a real general does not rely on the strength and prestige of his own troops, he must not get carried away when he is favored by the monarch, and when he is slandered and insulted by others, he is not afraid or retreat, he does not be greedy when he sees interests, and he does not have evil thoughts when he sees beautiful women, but only knows how to defend his family and the country wholeheartedly, and die in his duties.

8. Will be good:

The requirements for the general's military practical ability are "five goodness and four desires". The five virtues are: good at perceiving the enemy's troop deployment, good at correctly judging the timing of attack and retreat, good at understanding the reality of the national strength of the warring parties, good at taking advantage of the favorable opportunities for their own side, and good at taking advantage of the rugged and dangerous terrain of mountains and rivers. The four desires refer to: winning by surprise in battle, planning carefully, having many people and things, pursuing quiet and steady, maintaining the unity of the whole army, and working together to resist the war.

9. Jiang Gang:

A good general should have a character that is strong and fierce, but not stubborn, gentle, soft but not weak, that is, the combination of strength and softness that is commonly heard. Simply being soft and weak will reduce one's strength and lead to failure, and simply being fierce and strong will lead to self-righteousness and doom. Therefore, neither soft nor rigid, the combination of rigidity and softness is the most ideal character trait and the best state.

10. General:

If you are arrogant, there will be inconsiderate places and rudeness in dealing with people, and once you are rude, you will betray your relatives and leave people, and people will be resentful and resentful. As a general, you can't be stingy, if you are stingy and stingy, you will definitely not be willing to reward your subordinates, if the reward is not good, your subordinates will not be willing to do their best in the battle to fight to the death, if this continues, you will not achieve any good results in the war, and the country's strength will be weakened as a result, and the decline in your country's strength means that the enemy is becoming stronger. Therefore, Confucius said: "Although a person has the virtue and ability of Zhou Gong, but he is proud and stingy, then even if he can make a certain contribution, he is not worthy of praise."

11. Will be strong:

The standard of moral cultivation of a general is five strong and eight evil. The five strong refers to the five necessary virtues: high wind and bright festival can encourage the world, friendship and filial piety can be famous at home, faith and loyalty can gain friendship, thoughtful and meticulous consideration of problems can tolerate others, and personal practice can make contributions. The eight evils are the eight kinds of defects in virtue: although they are resourceful, they cannot distinguish between right and wrong, they cannot be courteous to a virtuous corporal, let alone appoint virtuous people, they do not follow the law when they govern, they cannot guide social customs, they cannot give generous favors, they do not help the poor, they cannot prevent troubles before they happen, they lack wisdom, they cannot think deeply, they cannot prevent small problems, they cannot recommend virtuous people they are familiar with when their reputation is prominent, and they cannot bear all the responsibilities without complaint when they are defeated.

12. Teacher:

From ancient times to the present, when a country is in danger, the monarch will select a virtuous person as a general to save the country. Before the expedition, fasting for three days, enter the temple to pay homage to the ancestors, the monarch faces the south and stands, the handsome face to the north, the master presents the big axe (a symbol of power) with both hands, the king takes the big axe, holds the handle of the axe and gives it to the general and says: "From now on, the troops will be under your command." Then the king continued: "When you are fighting, you will attack when you see that the enemy is weak, and when you see that the enemy is strong, you will retreat." We should not look down on others because we are in a high position, nor should we not listen to the opinions of our subordinates because of our unique opinions, nor should we lose the quality of our faithfulness by virtue of our own merits. When your subordinates have not yet sat down to rest, as a general, you can't sit down and rest by yourself, and when your subordinates haven't eaten, you should not eat first, but you should share the cold and heat with your subordinates, wait for work and rest, and all of them will be in danger, and if you do all this, your soldiers will do their best, and the enemy will definitely be defeated." After listening to the king's instructions, the general swore allegiance, and then personally opened the murderous gate and led the army to the battle. The king sent the army to the north gate, bowed to the general's chariot and horse, and said, "The general is outside, and he is not subject to the king's orders." From today onwards, all actions in the army are decided by you". In this way, the commander has absolute authority, and can also make the wise and resourceful give advice to him, and make the brave offender serve him on the battlefield. In this way, you can win all battles, make great contributions, and also make a name for yourself in future generations, blessing Zeen and his descendants.

13. Talent selection:

When arranging the army, the commander should pay attention to: some soldiers are strong in martial arts, like to fight against the enemy, and are willing to compete with strong opponents independently, so they should be arranged in a ranks, and these people can be regarded as people who serve the country; Some soldiers are full of energy and cunning, and they should be arranged in a ranks, and these people can be counted as commandos; Some soldiers are quick and agile in walking, and as powerful as galloping horses, and they should be grouped together, and this person may form a forward team; Some soldiers are good at riding and shooting, and they are skilled in archery, and they should be grouped together, and these people can form a surprise attack team; Some soldiers who specialize in archery and are first-class archers should also be grouped into a ranks, and these people can form a shooting team; Some soldiers are so powerful that they can use powerful crossbows and crossbows, and they should be grouped together to form a blocking team. It can be seen that different soldiers have different abilities and characteristics, and they should be able to give full play to their own strengths, give full play to their talents, and make the best use of their talents.

14. Intelligent use:

If a commander or general wants to win a battle when they go out to win a battle, they must take into account the factors of weather, fighter planes, and the quality of their people, and they must follow the weather conditions, obtain fighter planes, and have corresponding combat effectiveness. Therefore, it is against the clock to send troops when it conforms to the weather and has the corresponding combat effectiveness, but the time is not ripe, and it is against the sky to send troops under the conditions of conforming to the weather and seizing the fighters, but not having the corresponding combat effectiveness of the soldiers. A wise general will never lead his troops into battle against the sky, the time, or the people.

15. Not Chen:

In ancient times, the monarch who was good at governing the country and knew the laws of governing the country did not rely on the state apparatus such as the army, and the generals who had military talents and were good at using troops did not take war and set up a belligerent formation as the ultimate goal, and the generals who were good at arranging the formation could win without attacking the other side at all, and they did not take it as a pleasure to meet each other in battle, and those who were good at commanding battles could always be invincible, and the generals who were good at summing up the lessons of defeat would not be eliminated by the enemy. The wise monarch governs the world, mainly so that the common people can live a stable life, work diligently, and people live and work in peace and contentment, without any unpleasant disputes, which is the meaning of the above "good people do not teach". In ancient times, Shun revised the criminal code and made the minister Gao Tao an official in charge of the criminal law, but the common people did not offend the law, so there was no need to impose criminal law on anyone, which is the meaning of "the good teacher does not Chen". The Miao people conquered by Dayu, only sent Shun to hold the dry shield and feather fan for dancing to conquer the Miao people, which is the meaning of "those who are good at Chen do not fight". In the process of fighting against Chu in the south and Shanrong in the north, the Duke of Qi Huan fought bravely and was invincible, which is the meaning of "those who are good at fighting are undefeated". When King Chu Zhao was king, Chu was invaded by Wu State, and King Chu Zhao immediately fled to Qin State for help, and later returned to Qin State, which is the meaning of "the good and the defeated do not die".

16. Jiangcheng:

The Book of Books says: "If you insult a gentleman, you will not be able to gain his sincerity, despise villains, and make them do their best to serve themselves." Therefore, the key to leading the army of a general is: to widely win the hearts of his subordinates, to strictly enforce the rules and disciplines related to rewards and punishments, to have the ability of both literature and martial arts, to be strong and soft, to be proficient in etiquette, music, poetry, and calligraphy, so that they can achieve the connotation of benevolence, righteousness, wisdom and courage in self-cultivation; When leading the troops into battle, the soldiers should be ordered to rest and let the soldiers be as silent as swimming fish diving, and when the soldiers are ordered to attack, they should be let the soldiers leap and gallop like the running otters, fast and fierce, disrupt the enemy's camp, cut off the enemy's contact, weaken the enemy's strength, wave the flag to show their might and make the soldiers obey the command and obey the movement, when withdrawing the troops, the troops should be as steady and neat as the mountains moving, and when the troops are marching, they should be as fast as the wind and rain, completely destroy the defeated army and the defeated generals, and fight the enemy with the fierceness of a tiger; In dealing with the enemy, we should also adopt some strategies: in the face of an emergency, we should find a way to be calm, use small favors and small favors to lure the enemy into the set trap, try our best to disrupt the enemy's stable and neat position, and then win in chaos, use tactics to make the cautious enemy blindly proud, and the upper and lower are inconsistent, use discord to disrupt the internal unity of the enemy, try to weaken the strength of the unusually powerful enemy, and make the enemy in danger feel peaceful in order to paralyze the enemy, and make the fearful enemy happy. to make the enemy negligent; The prisoners of war who have surrendered to our army should be treated with a policy of gentleness, so that the grievances of the subordinates should be redressed, the weak should be supported, and the domineering subordinates should be restrained, and the wise subordinates should be close to them with all their might, and they should be used as staff officers, and they should resolutely strike at the villains who are clever and give orders, and the spoils of war should be distributed to the subordinates first; In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the following points: if the enemy is weak, it is not necessary to attack him with all his strength, nor can he ignore the enemy because his army is strong, still less can he be arrogant and arrogant because he is strong, and he cannot go to his subordinates to be powerful because he is favored; For the whole war, it is necessary to draw up a detailed plan first, and to have complete certainty before leading the troops into battle, not to enjoy the goods and cloths captured on the battlefield alone, and not to serve the captured men and women alone. As a general, he has made these requirements and strictly ordered the soldiers to actively fight and serve the battlefield in battle.

XVII. Guard:

The most important business of the country is national defense, and the slightest deviation on the issue of national defense will lead to the destruction of the country, and the whole country will be irretrievably destroyed, which is the most terrible thing! Therefore, once the country is in danger, the monarch and the ministers should work together, forget to sleep and eat, plan together, select people with skills to serve as generals, and command the three armies to deal with the enemy. If you can't be prepared for danger in times of peace, even if the enemy has hit your home, you can't be alert, just like a swallow's nest built on the door curtain, and a fish playing in a dry pot, the day of destruction is not far away. "Zuo Biography" said: If you don't plan things, you can't send troops if you don't prepare to the point where there are no mistakes! "Being prepared for danger in times of peace and making proper arrangements to prevent possible disasters is the good governance that was admired in ancient times" "Small insects such as bees and scorpions use their stingers as a tool of defense, let alone a huge country? "If a country neglects national defense, even if there are millions of people, it is not terrible, so this is what it means to be prepared. It can be seen that the officers and men of the three armed forces must be prepared before setting out for the battle.

XVIII. Practice:

If the soldiers of the army do not receive the education and training they deserve, then a hundred soldiers are not worth one soldier of the enemy; If the soldiers of the army are properly educated and trained, then one soldier can withstand the attack of a hundred enemies. That's why Confucius said: If the people go to battle without education and training, they are sent to death. "Let the virtuous men spend seven years educating and training the people, and they will be ready to go into battle at once, and all of them will be brave and good at war!" That is to say, if you want the people to go into battle, you must educate and train them before you go out on battle, and during the training, you must make the people understand what etiquette and righteousness are, train and teach them to have faithful thoughts, explain the boundaries of rewards and punishments, and use rewards and punishments to restrain and supervise their behavior, so that they can consciously make progress. Then the basic skills are trained: lining up and disbanding, sitting down and standing, marching and standing, moving forward and backward, disbanding and assembling, so that they can be uniform and orderly. In this way, if you teach ten, ten, hundred, thousand, and thousand, you can train the entire three armies, and finally let the officers and men receive tactical training to defeat the enemy on the battlefield.

19. Military beetles:

When the army acts, there are several situations that can directly lead to the collapse of the whole army: First, the reconnaissance of the enemy's situation is not careful and accurate, and the feedback of information is not carried out in accordance with the regulations, which does not correspond to the actual situation; Second, they did not obey the order, delayed the assembly time, hindered the entire military operation, and lost their fighters; the third is disobedience to commands, disobedience to scheduling, and chaos; Fourth, the generals are inconsiderate of their subordinates, and only know how to blindly gather and loot; Fifth, they engage in fraud for personal gain and do not care about the lives of lower-level soldiers; Sixth, superstitious slander, gods and ghosts, and random speculation of good fortune and misfortune; disturbed the morale of the army; Seventh, the soldiers were not orderly, noisy and noisy, disrupting the decision-making and execution of the generals; Eighth, they do not obey orders and make claims without permission; Ninth, the phenomenon of corruption is serious, embezzling state property, and doing everything.

20. Heart:

As a general, he should have his own cronies to consult on matters, have eyes and ears to reconnoiter and report information to him, and have the ability to resolutely carry out his orders and assist his wings. A person without a confidant is like a man who walks in the dark and does not know where to go, and a person without eyes and ears is like a blind man who lives quietly in the dark, unable to do what he wants, let alone engage in camping activities for a certain personal purpose; A person who has no minions is like a man who is hungry and eats poisonous food and dies of poisoning. Therefore, a wise general must choose a knowledgeable and resourceful person as his henchmen, a person who is witty, intelligent, cautious and confidential, and has a strong sense of judgment as his eyes and ears, and a brave and fierce soldier as his minions.

21. Wait:

All the disadvantages of a general leading an army out of a division are the consequences of despising the enemy army, so the army must strictly enforce laws and decrees, consider all kinds of details in detail, and act in accordance with the laws of war, otherwise it will still lead to destruction. There are fifteen of these issues that should be paid attention to: First, it is necessary to carefully consider and plan to find out all the circumstances of the enemy; The second is to interrogate, interrogate, trace, collect information on the enemy, and carefully judge the truth of the information; the third is bravery, seeing that the enemy's formation is mighty and powerful, he will not retreat; Fourth, it is incorruptible, not tempted by the small profits in front of you, and takes righteousness as the priority; Fifth, fairness, rewards and punishments are just, fair and reasonable; Sixth, endure humiliation, bear the burden, and hope for a greater mission in the future; Seventh, magnanimity, magnanimity, and tolerance of others; The eighth is faithfulness, faithfulness, honesty, and keeping promises; Nine is respect, treat talented and virtuous people with courtesy; Ten is clear, understands right and wrong, and does not listen to rumors; Eleventh is to be cautious, rigorous, prudent, not to violate the law; The twelfth is benevolence, benevolence, and the ability to care for and be considerate of lower-level officers and soldiers; Thirteen is loyalty, loyalty to the country, for the interests of the country, even if you go to the soup and fire; Fourteen is points, behavior is measured, keep duty, do things according to one's ability; Fifteen is strategic, resourceful, able to know oneself and the other.

22. Shape:

The victory of the foolish over the wise is an accident that defies common sense; It is a matter of course that a wise man can overcome a foolish man; And smart people fight together, it all depends on how well they master the fighters. There are three key points to mastering the fighter plane: one is the opportunity of the incident, the second is the potential opportunity, and the third is the emotional opportunity; when something has already happened, it is beneficial to oneself and not to the enemy, and it cannot be regarded as smart; When the situation changes, it is beneficial to oneself and not to the enemy, and it is not enough to come up with a way to defeat the enemy, and it is not enough to be a sage; When the whole situation is clearly in your favor, you can't act decisively, and this is not bravery. Therefore, generals who are good at commanding the army must grasp the opportunity to achieve victory according to the changes in the situation, that is, to win according to the opportunity.

23. Heavy Sentences:

Wu Qi said: "The purpose of beating the drum and the golden front in the army is to arouse the keen attention of the soldiers in terms of hearing, to obey the command, to wave the flag, to concentrate the attention of the soldiers in the visual aspect, and the purpose of the various regulations, prohibitions and punishments is to manage the soldiers and control the actions of the soldiers. "In the army, when the voice is used to attract the attention of the soldiers, and the soldiers are required to obey the command, the sound of the instrument must be crisp and loud; When using the flag to direct soldiers in battle, the color of the flag should be bright and eye-catching; When using penalties and prohibitions to restrain the actions of soldiers, law enforcement must be fair and strict. If the above three points are not achieved, the appearance of the army will be disordered, and the soldiers will be slack and slack. Therefore, on the issue of commanding the troops, it should reach the level that as long as the commander's command flag is waved and shaken, his subordinates will advance bravely, and as long as the commander gives an order, all the soldiers will share the same hatred for the enemy, and they will desperately step forward to serve the country.

24. Good generals:

From ancient times to the present, generals who are good at leading troops to fight wars have four principles: order out like a mountain, explain to their subordinates what is advance, what is called retreat, and what should not be done; Under the Ministry of Education with the ideology of benevolence and righteousness, the soldiers can know how to read and be courteous; admonish his subordinates to distinguish between right and wrong, so that the soldiers can encourage each other and persuade each other; Strict rewards and punishments, so that the soldiers do not dare to be sloppy, there is credit, the above four basic principles: prohibition, etiquette, persuasion, and faith are important norms in the army, if these four points are thoroughly achieved, it is as if the main scaffolding has been erected, and other subtle details will naturally unfold smoothly, with laws and regulations, the specific content will be clear, so that the army can win the battle, and get what it needs when attacking. Incompetent generals can't do these four things: there are no regulations, once the order to retreat, the soldiers do not listen to the command, and they run away; When the order was given to attack, there was no restraint, the pace was inconsistent, and even one after another, and the whole army could not escape the end of destruction; The admonition is not clear, the rewards and punishments are excessive, the dishonesty is lost in the soldiers, the upper and lower levels cannot be united, the virtuous people have gone away, and the flattering and cunning villains have gained power, and the troops brought out by such generals will definitely be defeated in every battle.

25. Cause of Trial:

If you can follow the wishes of the people to conquer the evil forces, even the Yellow Emperor can't compare with such an act, and if you can use the power of the people to win the victory, then even Shang Tang and King Wu of Zhou can't compare with such a contribution. On this basis, judging the situation and convincing people with virtue and might, then all the heroes under will succumb to such generals, and within the four seas, heroes from all walks of life will also be willing to be restrained.

XXVI. Troops:

When a general or commander leads his troops to go on an expedition, he should pay attention to three situations: the right time, the right place, and the right people, which are the basic factors and conditions for winning the war. The time of day means that the weather is clear, the climate is mild and moderate, the cold and heat are not intense, there is no drought or famine, the sky is normal, and there are no ominous signs, which is a natural factor that is beneficial to us. The geographical advantage refers to the fact that our city wall is high on the steep terrain, there are deep ditches and big rivers as natural barriers, the terrain is complex and unfathomable, and there is the only sheep intestine path that is still tortuous and circuitous. Harmony is the monarch and the sage of the generals, the three armies are courteous and law-abiding, neat and unified, all the soldiers can serve on the battlefield, the food is sufficient, and the weapons are strong. If the outstanding generals can rely on the time, the location, and the people, they can be invincible and win a big victory.

XXVII. Victory or Defeat:

The conditions for the army to win when it comes out of the army are: people with genuine talent and virtue hold important posts, and those who do not have talent and virtue are relegated to the lowest position, the officers and men of the three armies are in high spirits, they are united and united, the relationship between the upper and lower levels is harmonious, the soldiers obey orders, they are brave and good at fighting, the army is majestic and majestic, and the law and discipline are strict. The following signs are inevitably accompanied by the following signs when the army is unfavorable: the soldiers are lazy and careless, do not abide by military discipline, the officers and men of the whole army are very afraid of fighting against the enemy, the soldiers do not pay attention to faith and righteousness, they are not afraid of punishment, they overestimate the strength of the enemy's army, they are not united internally, the usual topics among themselves are things related to interests, they like to speculate on the good fortune and misfortune of things, they are attached to all kinds of nonsense, gossip is rife in the army, and the morale of the army is disheartened.

28. Right of leave:

Generals are the key in the army. He hangs on the lives of tens of millions of soldiers, the outcome of the war, and the rise and fall of the country's fate. If the monarch does not give all the power to command the army, it is not feasible to tie the hands and feet of an ape with ropes and order it to climb trees and leap and run quickly, or to tape a man's eyes and ask him to distinguish colors. If the power of reward and punishment is manipulated by the powerful, the Lord will not have any power that can be autonomous, and the upper and lower levels will inevitably be shrouded in selfishness and profit. Then, even if you have outstanding talents like Yi Yin and Lü Buwei, and you have the merits of Han Xin and Bai Qi, you can't protect yourself. Therefore, Sun Wu said: "Once a general leads the troops to fight, he will not obey the king's orders." Yafu also said: "In the army, only the orders of the generals can be heard, and the edicts of the monarch are not heard."

29. Mourning death:

In ancient times, all excellent generals treated their subordinates as if they were their own children, when difficulties came, they took the lead and bore the brunt of the situation, stood at the forefront, in front of merit and honor, and their subordinates were humble, pushed the merit and honor to their subordinates, treated the wounded soldiers, comforted and compensated in every way, and when their subordinates sacrificed their lives for the country, they could bury them thickly, and properly arrange the aftermath, when the food was not enough to eat, take the initiative to give their food to their subordinates, and when the weather was cold, let their clothes be worn by the soldiers. He treats talented people with courtesy, entrusts them with high-ranking officials, and treats his subordinates who are brave and good at fighting, and he will give appropriate and timely rewards and encourage them to make new contributions. As a general, if you do the above things, you will be invincible and win all battles.

30. Sanbin:

Whenever the three armed forces go out to fight, the generals must have all kinds of staff personnel to plan and staff for themselves, discuss the pros and cons together, and assist the generals at their disposal. Some people are as brave as a tiger and as agile as an ape, and their personalities are as fierce as iron and stone, and their combat is as sharp as a dragon in Chudi, and these people are a generation of heroes and can become the general's middle-level staff. Some people like to make speeches, but their abilities are average, they are just ordinary people, and they can become the subordinate staff of the general.

31. The following should:

A leader who can turn a dangerous situation into an easy one, prepare for it before it becomes complicated, take countermeasures before it becomes out of control, and set up strict punishments in the army without using punishment as the ultimate goal, is a wise man. In battle with the enemy, the soldiers have been arranged in formation, the soldiers and horses of both sides are staggered, and the soldiers and horses are close to each other, at this time, if the commander can take the opportunity to expand his influence with all kinds of might, so that the enemy army is confused and lost, this can be regarded as a capable man with soldiers. On the battlefield, the generals braved the rain of bullets and bullets to charge, but it was only a temporary ability, and the losses of both sides were huge, but there was no difference between victory and defeat, which was the best strategy in the use of troops.

32. Convenience:

Guerrilla tactics can be used to fight in densely wooded areas; In dense mountainous and forest areas, you can use the method of surprise attack to surprise the enemy; In the case of plain operations without any concealment, trench tactics can be employed; When the enemy is outnumbered, we should attack the enemy at dusk; When we are outnumbered, we should attack the enemy in the early morning; If the weapons and equipment are well-equipped and the troops are strong, they should be quickly defeated; If there is a confrontation across the bank, and there is wind and sand, and the line of sight is not clear, the tactics of flanking the front and rear should be adopted.

33. Response:

The key to victory and the method of grasping the change of situation to command and mobilize troops were unexpected. If you are not wise, who can seize the opportunity to make a decision? The secret to timing is to be surprised. If the beast leaves the mountain and loses the steep mountain to rely on, even a child with a halberd can scare it away, and the little poisonous bee can make the strong man dare not approach with only one of its own stingers, and for the enemy, let the disaster suddenly appear, unpreventable, unpredictable, is the best way to win.

34. Capacity:

In ancient times, generals who were good at using troops often had a basic understanding of the outcome of the battle between the two sides after grasping the reality of the strength of both sides. What a general needs to know when anticipating the outcome of a victory or defeat is: Which of the two monarchs is more sacred? Which of the generals on both sides is more wise and capable? Which of the officials on both sides is more capable? Which side of the two sides has more food and grass? Which of the two sides has well-trained soldiers? Which side of the two sides is more disciplined? Which of the war horses on both sides ran faster? Which side of the two sides occupies the more dangerous terrain? Which of the two sides is more scheming? What are the neighbors on each side to fear? Which of the two sides is richer? Which side of the two sides has a more stable life? By comparing the above aspects, it is relatively easy to make a judgment on who is strong and who is weak, and who wins and who loses.

XXXV. Light War:

Bees and other small insects with poisonous stingers protect themselves with their daunting stingers, so that people dare not provoke them easily, and soldiers can fight bravely on the battlefield because they have excellent weapons to rely on. Therefore, as long as there are sharp weapons and solid armor, then all soldiers can be brave and good at fighting. If the armor is not strong enough, it is like fighting the enemy naked; If the bow and arrow do not hit the enemy, it is as if there is no bow and arrow; If you hit the target, but you don't get it because of the lack of strength, it's like a bow and arrow without an arrow; If the pre-war reconnaissance work is not done carefully and thoroughly, it is like a blind person preparing for battle; If the generals can't be heroic and not good at fighting, it's like there are no generals. It can be seen that these are several aspects that should be paid attention to in the building of combat readiness.

36. Topography:

A good topography is the best help for an army to win a war, and it is impossible for a general to win a war if he cannot accurately grasp the characteristics of the terrain and terrain. The terrain of high mountains and forests and dangerous rivers is suitable for infantry combat. The terrain is high and steep, overgrown with vines and grasses, and is suitable for fighting with chariots and cavalry. On the battlefield surrounded by mountains and rivers and deep narrow valleys, archers can be used to fight. On a flat, wide, free-roaming battlefield, you can engage the enemy with a halberd. In the area where the vegetation is intertwined, you can give full play to the advantages of spears and spears.

XXXVII. Situation:

The temperament of a general has a direct impact on combat. Some generals are brave and tenacious and not afraid of death, some generals are impatient and impatient and blindly pursue quick decisions, some generals are greedy for small merit and small wealth, some generals are too merciful and lose their majesty, some generals have strategies but often hesitate, and some generals have more than enough strategies and cannot practice them. Therefore, different strategies should be adopted for dealing with the above-mentioned generals with different temperaments, and for generals who are only capable of being a horseman, they should try to make them irritable and then eliminate him; Treat the impatient and impatient generals, and use protracted wars and wars of attrition to eliminate him; Treat the generals who are greedy for utilitarianism, and use money and sex to bribe and lure him; To deal with the general who is more than merciful and not dignified, he should use all kinds of methods to keep him busy all day long; Treat a wise and timid general, and you can use a fierce attack to put him in an embarrassing situation; Dealing with a scheming commander can be completely destroyed by a surprise attack.

XXXVIII. Strike:

In ancient times, generals who were good at using troops would first find out the enemy's situation and then take corresponding countermeasures. Whenever the enemy is in the following situation: the army has lost its vigor after a long campaign, and the food supply is not available; The people complained about the war; The soldier is not familiar with the laws and regulations of the army; inadequate weaponry; There is no plan for the operation; isolation in wartime; generals and officials are mean to their subordinates and amass wealth violently; Rewards and punishments are not clear, and soldiers are slack; The camp is chaotic and there is no order; Once in a while, you will be arrogant when you have achieved a little success, and then you can attack the enemy. Whenever the enemy is in the following situation: he can select virtuous men to assist the generals, he has sufficient food and salary, the people live a stable life, his armor and weapons are sharp and sophisticated, he can maintain harmonious and friendly relations with the neighboring countries, and he has the backing of the great powers, then he should try to avoid the enemy and not act rashly.

39. Whole Division:

The key to victory is to maintain the overall combat effectiveness of the troops. If the commander rewards and punishes his subordinates unfairly, rewards and punishments are excessive, the general's orders cannot convince his subordinates, and if the soldiers do not obey the command, they do not advance when they should advance, and they do not stop when they should stop, even if there are millions of troops, they will not play any practical role. The so-called overall combat effectiveness of the troops refers to the fact that the troops are in good order in peacetime, can respect local customs and habits when stationed, act mightily and powerfully, attack sharply, and retreat to the ground where the enemy can drill through no gaps, and the troops can echo back and forth, be consistent with the left and right, and obey command and dispatch, so there is rarely a dangerous situation; such a unit is united internally, and the soldiers have a high degree of organization and discipline, can withstand any test, and always maintain a strong fighting spirit.

40. Lishi:

The commander should treat his subordinates with high positions and reward them with money, so that they can attract talented and virtuous people to come and do their best; We should treat each other with courtesy, and encourage our subordinates with faith and sincerity, so that our subordinates will go into battle with the determination to sacrifice their lives and forget their deaths; We should always show favors to our subordinates, be fair and strict in rewards and punishments, and treat them equally, so that we will win the trust and admiration of our subordinates; Take the lead in battle, charge into battle, and take the initiative to cover others when retreating, so that your subordinates will be brave and good at fighting; Treat your subordinates with full attention and reward them appropriately, so that your subordinates will be positive, exhort each other, and always maintain high morale.

41. Self-encouragement:

All the saints admired the way of heaven, the wise men admired the laws of nature, and the wise people followed the ancient sages as the fundamental way of life. The arrogant are doomed to failure, the arrogant and arrogant are prone to cause trouble, the boastful are seldom believed, the self-proclaimed are unsympathetic to others, the reward for being a general is sure to be abandoned by his subordinates, the punishment of the innocent is sure to make the people complain, and the moody will not escape the doom of destruction.

Forty-two, the way of war:

The method of the army to fight in the forest is: to use the flag as the main command tool during the day, to use the bronze cymbals and drums to command at night, to use short soldiers, to skillfully set up ambushes, sometimes to attack the enemy's front, sometimes to attack the enemy's back, sometimes to adopt the tactics of flanking the front and back, the method of fighting in the grass is: the use of knives, swords, shields and other short weapons, before engaging with the enemy, to investigate the enemy's advance route in advance, in the enemy's only way to bury sentries, ten miles of a large sentry, five miles of a small sentry, Collect all the flags, cover the cymbals and bulges, and when the enemy comes, take the enemy by surprise and catch the enemy off guard. In the valley between the two mountains, the method that can be used is: use ambushes, bravely attack, let the cunning soldiers stand on high places, let the soldiers who are not afraid of sacrifice cut off the enemy's rear route, shoot at the enemy with bows and crossbows, and then use short soldiers to continue the attack, so that the enemy looks forward and backward, and has no chance to counterattack. The methods of fighting on the water are: using boats to fight, training soldiers to master various water skills to attack the enemy, planting more flags on the boats to confuse the enemy, using bows and crossbows to fire fiercely at the enemy, using short soldiers to engage the enemy at close range, and laying fences on the water to prevent the enemy from invading, all of which must be carried out along the direction of the water. In night battles, it is mainly quiet and secretive, and you can secretly send troops to attack the enemy, or you can use torches and war drums to disturb the audio-visual, and attack the enemy at the fastest speed in order to achieve victory.

Forty-three, and people:

When a commander leads his troops into battle, he should pay attention to ensuring harmony and unity among officers and men, between officers and soldiers, and between soldiers and soldiers, and that his subordinates will take the initiative to do their utmost to charge and kill the enemy. If the top and bottom are suspicious, distrust each other, those with strategies are not reused, the soldiers are talking behind their backs, and slander and evil thoughts breed rapidly, then even if they have the wisdom of Shang Tang and King Wu of Zhou, they can't defeat ordinary mediocrities, let alone a large number of enemy troops?

44. Investigation of the situation:

Generals leading troops to fight wars need to judge the real situation of the enemy based on some phenomena. If the enemy does not move while fighting with our army, he must have relied on the dangerous terrain; If the enemy constantly challenges our army, it must be trying to lure our army to attack first; Seeing the trees moving without wind, it must be the enemy's chariot quietly approaching; Seeing that the dust was flying low and wide, it must have been the enemy's infantry on its way; When the enemy speaks hard and makes the appearance of attacking our troops, he must be preparing to retreat; When the enemy suddenly advances and retreats, it is luring our army to attack; When the enemy is found to be languishing, the enemy must have been hungry; If the enemy finds that he has not taken advantage of the opportune opportunity, he must have become quite tired and unable to advance further; Birds flying in clusters in the enemy's position indicate that the enemy's camp has begun to empty; Hearing the noise of the enemy's position at night indicates that the enemy is very afraid of war; The enemy's army is scattered and disorganized because the enemy's commander is losing his due might; The enemy's flags are mixed and chaotic, indicating that the enemy army has been in turmoil; The constant anger of the enemy's generals and officers means that they feel helpless and that the enemy has lost confidence in victory. The enemy's rewards and punishments are too frequent, indicating that the enemy commander is no longer able to reverse his internal chaos and the situation of soldiers disobeying the orders of the general; When the enemy sends an emissary to the enemy in a low voice, it means that the enemy wants to cease fighting; If the enemy sends valuable items and speaks sweet words, it means that the enemy wants to make peace in private.

Forty-five, will be affectionate:

As a general, you should also pay attention to some daily small things in your style: when the well in the barracks has not yet been filled with water, the commander should not shout thirsty first; The food for the soldiers was not cooked well, and the generals should not shout hunger first; The fire in the barracks has not yet been lit, and the generals cannot call it cold first; The tents in the army have not yet been built, and the generals cannot say that they are tired; In the summer, it is very hot, and the general should not easily take a fan to cool off; In rainy weather, the general should not first raise an umbrella to shelter from the rain, in short, he should be the same as the soldier in all the details of life.

46. Command:

It is the result of strict laws and regulations that the generals and commanders can make the million-strong army under their command respectfully accept orders, hold their breath, be steady and orderly, and dare not relax. If the general can't punish his subordinates, and the subordinates don't know etiquette and righteousness, even if they have the world and occupy all the wealth within the four seas, they will not escape the fate of self-destruction, such as tyrants like Xia Wei and Shang Xuan. However, if the general can use the law as the basis for reward and punishment when leading the troops, his subordinates will not dare to disobey the general's order, such as Sun Wu and Sui Tho, who are good at using the legal system. It can be seen that the decree cannot be taken lightly, and the authority of the generals born from the decree cannot be disobeyed.

Forty-seven, Dongyi:

Dongyi, an uncivilized ethnic minority, does not abide by etiquette and righteousness, is brave and strong, fierce and good at fighting, they are close to the mountains and the sea, and by virtue of the dangerous terrain, they have a strong ability to protect themselves and defend against the outside world. There was harmony within them, and the people lived happily and peacefully, and it was impossible to defeat them quickly. If, after the signs of discord have appeared within them, they use the method of discord to widen the contradictions within their upper strata, make them chaotic, make the people turn their backs on them, and cause sharp conflicts, and then appease and appease them with the theory of benevolence, righteousness, and morality, and cooperate with a powerful military attack, then we can achieve complete victory.

Forty-eighth, Nanban:

There are many small barbarian peoples in the south, their temperament is not able to be cultivated, these peoples often combine into different interest groups, when they encounter big interests, they attack each other, they usually live by the waterside of the cave, some nationalities gather in one place, some nationalities are scattered everywhere, west to Kunlun Mountain, east to the sea are the scope of their activities, they have strange seafood there, the enemy is greedy and warlike, plague often occurs in spring and summer, so the use of troops against the Nanban, can only be quickly resolved, can not stay for a long time.

49. Xirong:

The ethnic minorities in the west, who are brave and greedy in nature, some live in cities, some live in scattered fields, where there is not enough food, but gold and silver treasures are abundant, and these people are all brave and good at fighting, and it is difficult for them to submit. They live in the west of the desert, the race multiplies quickly, there is a vast and dangerous situation, they are accustomed to forcible violence, unwilling to submit to the Central Plains, so only wait for the opportunity, when they encounter other races to challenge, when the internal friends are chaotic, can they march on them and defeat them completely.

50. Beidi:

The nomadic peoples of the northern regions had no fixed place to live, and wherever there was abundant water and grass, they went to live there, and when the situation was favorable, they went south to invade the Central Plains, and if they did not have sufficient strength, they fled farther north. With the treacherous Yin Mountains and the vast desert, they have a strong ability to defend themselves. When they were hungry, they hunted wild beasts, and when it was cold, they made cloths and quilts out of animal skins, and they ran and hunted every day, and they hunted animals every day, so that they could neither be morally influenced nor subject to war. The Han Dynasty did not use troops against them for three reasons: first, the soldiers of the Han Dynasty were very tired and timid while ploughing and fighting, and the northern peoples lived a nomadic life by hunting, and were idle and brave. The second is that the Han army is mainly infantry, and can only travel 100 miles a day, and Beidi is good at riding horses, and the daily itinerary is several times that of the Han army, and the soldiers of the Han Dynasty pursue the Beidi frog to carry all the food and armor, and the Beidi pursues the Han army when carrying these military supplies with war horses, and the transportation forms of the two sides are different, and the speed of pursuing each other is not equal. The third is that the soldiers of the Han Dynasty fought on foot, and the Beidi fought with light cavalry, and the two sides competed for the best terrain, and the cavalry was always faster than the infantry, and the speed difference was very large. Therefore, to deal with Beidi, you can't use the method of war, and the best way is to guard the frontier. Sending soldiers to the border, it is necessary to select capable people as generals, train elite soldiers for defense, use grain cultivation on a large scale to enrich the warehouse, set up beacons to visit the enemy, and wait until Beidi is weak internally, take the opportunity to enter, and defeat him in one fell swoop when his power is exhausted. In this way, there is no need to use too much manpower and material resources to bring about the destruction of Beidi, and there is no need to mobilize the army, because the tension arising from Beidi's invasion of the border will be relaxed.