Fifth, the Flying Bear Army - the buried Xiliang warriors

Coaches: Dong Zhuo, Li Dao, Guo Yan, Zhang Ji, Zhang Xiu

Transition: Disappeared into the army of Cao Cao and Ma Teng

Sixth, trapped camp - Gaoshun "Flying Army" in the Central Plains

Coach: Gao Shun

Change: Evolved into a tiger and leopard ride, a free and dead soldier

Historical facts: "There are more than 700 soldiers, numbered 1,000 people, the armor and fighting equipment are all refined and neat, and each attack, all of them are broken, and they are called trapped." pen "Fun" Pavilion www.biquge.info"; Gao Shunqi is "innocent, dignified, does not drink, and is not fed." It can be said that it is a typical uprightness. The "trapped camp" under his command is also an ace unit in Lu Bu's army. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is simple, the author cherishes ink like gold, even the generals of Shu and Han, the governors of Eastern Wu, and the Xiahou of Cao and Zhu have not been independently bigraphed. But Gao Shun, who doesn't describe much, also wrote his "trapped camp", and it is "every attack, all of them are broken" (although it is a quotation, but Chen Shou is willing to spend pen and ink to write, it seems that it is still credible), which shows his high status and strong combat effectiveness.

In the Later Han Dynasty, horse armor was not popularized, so Cao Cao said in the "Military Policy Order": "Yuan Benchu armor is ten thousand collars, and my big armor is twenty collars; There were 300 horses in the beginning, and I could not have ten. "At that time, the cavalry was mainly light cavalry." The armor and fighting gear are all refined and neat" This refers to the heavy troops.

Analysis: The "trapped camp" once defeated Liu Beijun, who had Guan Zhang, which can be seen. The only trusted general of the suspicious Lu Bu is Gao Shun, and the only unit he can trust is the "trapped camp". Gao Shun is known for his loyalty, after Lu Bu was wiped out, he was killed without saying a word, which is quite rare in the capricious Lu Bu camp, Cao Cao was the only one who could not persuade Lu Bu's subordinates to surrender and killed him alone (Chen Gong was because he knew Cao Cao's details, and he couldn't help but kill) Lu Bu did not have a handsome talent, and he couldn't use Gao Shun very well, but he knew the combat effectiveness of the trapped camp, so "Bu knew his loyalty, but he couldn't use it." After the cloth was reversed from Hao Meng, it was more sparse. Wei Xu has relatives inside and outside, and he will continue to seize the generals of Shun. and when the attack is fought, so the commander will continue to lead the troops, and Shun will not have any hatred in the end." The tragedy of Lu Bu is also the tragedy of this elite army.

7. Tiger and Leopard Cavalry - Cao Wei's ace mobile force

Coaches: Cao Chun, Cao Xiu, Cao Zhen

Change: Evolved into the middle and leading forces, that is, the elite five battalions of Cao Wei: Wuwei, Zhongbase, Zhongjian, Xiaocai, and Xiaocai Battalion in guerrillas

Facts:

"Ren Di Chun, at the beginning, Yilang participated in the military of Sikong, and supervised the tiger and leopard to ride from the south of the perimeter."

"Cao Xiu's words are fierce, and he often leads the expedition to lead the tiger and leopard to ride the guard."

"Cao Zhen Zidan。。。。。 Taizu strengthened his courage and made the tiger and leopard ride. ”

There are many "tiger and leopard riders", and they can be Cao Cao's "guards", and their commanders are also outstanding figures of the Cao clan. So what kind of force is this?

"The pure supervised tiger and leopard ride, all the world is sharp, or from a hundred people will make up for it", so terrible, "a hundred people" will be the pawn of the tiger and leopard ride, "the world is sharp" worthy of the name. Take a look at his palmares:

"Pure command, ride and behead Tan." In just one sentence, it doesn't seem like a big deal, but if you look at the context of "Three Kingdoms", you will understand how difficult it is. We can see the ability of this army to attack fortifications and fight tough battles with him (in fact, the few appearances of the tiger and leopard cavalry in the history books are almost all hard battles).

"And the three counties of the northern expedition, the pure cavalry won the single in the shitun", thousands of miles of attack, the attack can be overcome, the mobility and combat effectiveness can be seen, you must know that this skidon is known as the "Maodun" reincarnation.

??“ From the conquest of Jingzhou, he chased Liu Bei in Changsaka, obtained his second daughter, baggage, and collected his dispersion rate. enter and descend to Jiangling", it can be seen that the "five thousand iron horses" chasing Liu Bei in the romance are tiger and leopard horses in the official history. They traveled "three hundred miles" day and night, Zhuge Liang said that it was 'the end of the strong crossbow", and as a result, Liu Bei was killed and almost all the troops were wiped out, if Guan Yu hadn't arrived in time, I'm afraid history would have been rewritten. Their innate ability to be quick was revealed, which Liu Bei did not expect, and what particularly shocked Liu Bei was that they could still have such strong combat effectiveness after such a rapid march.

Modern archaeological excavations have unearthed Cao Wei's "Leopard Riding Governor Seal", which shows that this army is actually divided into two battalions of tigers and leopards.

"And five thousand iron horsemen are ten heavy Chen, the sun is shining, and the thieves are terrified." , It can be seen that in the battle against the Xiliang Iron Cavalry, the Tiger and Leopard Cavalry also fought. Because of the latter sentence, "It is a longitudinal tiger riding and attacking, breaking it, cutting Chengyi, Li Kan, etc." These 5,000 iron armor is the tiger and leopard cavalry (cavalry is already rare, such elite iron armor can be said to be the only one, there is no other semicolon). On the one hand, the "light infantry" of the Cao army stubbornly dragged the enemy and bought time for the "tiger cavalry flanking attack", but it was fundamentally determined by his strong combat effectiveness.

In the future, the tiger and leopard rode disappeared, and it is estimated that they were classified into the Duke of Cao (Cao Cao broke the horse and surpassed the later Duke of the title of "The Son of Heaven ordered the Duke to praise and worship the nameless, enter the dynasty and not tend, and the sword went to the palace, such as the story of Xiao He. Guards. Later, it was very likely to be included in the five battalions of Cao Wei's elite: Wuwei, Zhongbase, Backbone, Xiaocai, and Guerrilla. Of course, the most likely is the Snap Riding Battalion. (Xu Zhen's Hushi was later included in the Wuwei Battalion)

This army was established first, and then the commander was selected: "It is difficult for Taizu to be commandery." Purely based on election as the superintendent, the followers are very popular. After Cao Chun's death, the tiger and leopard rode without a commander, and Taizu said: "The ratio of purity, how can it be restored!" I am not the only one who is evil? So he didn't choose it. It can be seen that Cao Cao has been peeping at this "world's sharp" for a long time.

Analysis: After Comrade Lü Bu's defeat, because he failed because his generals surrendered, most of his equipment personnel surrendered to Cao Cao. And Lao Cao was definitely reluctant to kill Lu Bu's world-famous cavalry, especially the trapped camp. So guess that the trapped camp is the predecessor of the tiger and leopard ride. Lao Cao killed Gao Shun, but left Zhang Liao, Zhang Liao said earlier, he recruited Yulin cavalry for Ding Yuan, and after surrendering Lao Cao, Lao Cao immediately appointed Zhang Liao as the cavalry captain, and he was in charge of Yulin cavalry. It should be noted here that Lao Cao's military system is imitating the Han system, and it is also the system of the Northern and Southern Army, but Lao Cao should not have the official position of riding a lieutenant before, because he did not have a Yulin cavalry. Zhang Liao was given such an official position as soon as he surrendered, so there was a high probability that Zhang Liao was in charge of Lu Bu's original cavalry in the early days, and then after Zhang Liao's meritorious service, Lao Cao was promoted to Zhonglang General again, and he was still an unspecified Zhonglang general, but guessed that it should be the same as Lu Bu, both of whom were Yulin Zhonglang Generals. From the cavalry lieutenant to the Yulin Zhonglang general, it is the most reasonable, they are all in charge of the Yulin cavalry, and the position is equal to the same. But the salary is a little more.

Lü Bu's Yulin Cavalry is especially trapped, and it is the predecessor of the Tiger and Leopard Cavalry:

1. The first time the name of the tiger and leopard horse appeared was during Cao Cao's expedition to Nanpi, and the name of the tiger and leopard horse appeared for the first time at this time, and the tiger and leopard horse was also a forbidden army, directly under Lao Cao's personal army, and the successive commanders were all Cao family, and never sent foreign surnames. According to the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms", only Cao Zhen, Cao Xiu and Cao Chun are recorded. After Cao Chun's death, Lao Cao couldn't find a suitable person to serve as the commander, and he personally served as the commander of the tiger and leopard cavalry. And the Three Kingdoms Chronicles Cao Xiu's biography recorded: the envoy led the tiger and leopard to ride the guard. This shows that the responsibilities of the tiger and leopard cavalry are the same as those of the Yulin cavalry, and they are the forbidden army responsible for Cao Cao's guards.

2. The first time Zhang Liao participated in the official battlefield was the white horse of the Battle of Guandu, which broke Yuan Shao. Killing Yan Liang is to send Guan Yu and Zhang Liao, Yan Liang may be able to count Guan Yu on the head, but killing Wen Chou has nothing to do with Guan Yu. The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms recorded: When the cavalry was less than 600, he attacked the army, broke it, and beheaded the ugly. At that time, Lao Cao led less than 600 cavalry, and broke Wen Chou's troops and beheaded Wen Chou. As we said before, Lao Cao didn't have any cavalry before he destroyed Lu Bu, and the main force at that time was the Qingzhou soldiers. Then the 600 cavalry at this time should be Lu Bu's surrendered troops, the iron cavalry of Bingzhou commanded by Zhang Liao, and it should be the trap camp of seven or eight hundred people under Gao Shun back then. There must have been some attrition after the surrender of seven or eight hundred people, and it is normal to drop to less than 600, but with these remaining trapping camps, they can still defeat the 6,000 or so elite Hebei soldiers led by Wen Chou and Liu Bei. It's really a matter of ten.

3. After Lao Cao defeated Yuan Shao, he began to notice the power of the trapped camp, and at this time, Lao Cao's power has greatly developed, and the size and strength of the previous army did not allow him to make any forbidden army guards, but now it is different. After discovering the terrible combat effectiveness of this unit, he began to arrange for his family to lead this unit, and then gave it a new name - Tiger and Leopard Cavalry, but the duties were exactly the same as those of Yulin Cavalry. Calling this name probably means to avoid suspicion, because Yulin Riding is the name of the emperor's personal soldiers, and you can make it exactly the same.

4. The selection criteria of the tiger and leopard ride are better than those of the Yulin ride. Yulin Cavalry is just a professional soldier, and his father dies and his son replaces. The tiger and leopard cavalry selected the elite from Cao Cao's entire army, and the lack of places could only be selected from the hundred generals. Judging from the only descriptions of the tiger and leopard ride, the tiger and leopard ride is still good at long-distance running, and chasing Liu Bei is said to be a rapid journey of 300 miles a day, which shows that the establishment of the tiger and leopard ride is likely to be the same as that of the Yulin ride, with several horses per person.

5. After Lao Cao established the Tiger and Leopard Cavalry, the commander was only selected from his family, and later he simply served as the commander. One can imagine the status of this unit in Lao Cao's mind.

8. White Horse Yicong - Gongsun Zhan's Qiji troops

Coaches: Gongsun Zhan, Liu Bei, Zhao Yun

Changes: Zhao Yun recruited white horses to follow Liu Bei, most of Changbanpo was killed in battle, and a small part evolved into the cavalry of the Shu Han Forbidden Army

Facts:

"Every time Zhan fights with the captives, he often rides a white horse, chases without vain, and wins several victories, and the captives tell the clouds: "Avoid the white horse." Because of the jealousy, Jane has thousands of white horses, and chooses to ride and shoot, called "White Horse Righteous Servant". ”

Dozens of people who are good at shooting are often on white horses, thinking that they are the left and right wings, and they call themselves "white horse righteous servants". Wuhuan even told each other to avoid the long history of the white horse. It is a painting in the shape of a chan, galloping and shooting, and the middle one is called long live. ”

The "White Horse Righteous Servant" of the "White Horse General" is composed of "good shooters" riding excellent white horses, so its mobility and range are beyond doubt. In other words, this is an elite light cavalry unit, which is also known as "controlling the strings".

Gongsun Zhan has been in seclusion for a long time, so he has the opportunity to form this "string-controlling" force. "String control" has a glorious chapter in Chinese history. From the Warring States period, there was Zhao Wuling King "Hufu Cavalry Shooting", the Han Dynasty Xiongnu was able to confront the Han Dynasty for hundreds of years, relying on the fierce "control string", and its most glorious period was the Mongolian "control string" of Genghis Khan, known as the "strongest in the world".

Gongsun Zhan's cavalry unit was second to none during the Three Kingdoms period of the Later Han Dynasty. In the glorious period, it reached "more than 10,000" rides. Yuan Shao also wanted to make peace with him, which shows that Gongsun Chan once had the upper hand. In addition, in the battles against the northern nomads and the suppression of the Yellow Turban Army, there were also the records of Gongsun Zhan's cavalry.

It's a pity that in the battle of the Three Kingdoms, "White Horse Yicong" was just a meteor, and after only a short period of glory, it was annihilated by Yuan Shao's general Ju Yi in the Battle of Jieqiao. Gongsun Chan is famous for his bravery and heroism in the battle with the northern ethnic minorities, he is good at using double-headed iron spears, "Hou Han Shu" said: "Zan often and dozens of people who are good at shooting, all ride white horses, think that the left and right wings, and call themselves "white horse righteous servants". Wuhuan even told each other to avoid the long history of the white horse. Bai Ma Yi expanded into a considerable scale of troops from the back, and for a time the power outside the plug, Wuhuan "is a painting in the shape of a chan, galloping horses to shoot it, and the middle one shouts long live, and since then, he has fled far away. ”。 It's a pity that in the Battle of Jieqiao, Gongsun Zhan met his lifelong nemesis Ju Yi, and Bai Ma Yi never recovered. “… Seeing that his soldiers were few, Zan let him ride and wanted to go to the tomb. The volunteers all did not move under the shield, not to dozens of steps, but at the same time, the dust shouted, the conflict went forward, the strong crossbow rained, the center will fall, and the first thousand levels of Jizhou Yan Gang signed by Chen Qizan. The Zan army was defeated, ran on foot, and did not return to the camp. "This is a typical example of using a bow and crossbow to break a cavalry. It is worth mentioning that there is information that Zhao Yunyuan is one of the White Horse Righteous Servants, and it can be regarded as retaining the seeds for this elite army. By the way, "The Biography of Heroes" records that Yuan Shao heard the White Horse Yicong and had such a dialogue: Shao smiled and said: "He has a 'White Horse Yicong', and a certain 'Euphorbia', is he afraid?" Hu He: "Jun Yi, I will break it!" He looked at himself and said nothing. So, is the "Euphorbia" with open jaws another elite soldier in Yuan Shao's army?

During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Li Ling, the grandson of Li Guang, led his troops to 5,000 soldiers, "all Jingchu warriors and strange swordsmen", went deep into the hinterland of the Xiongnu, and met the main cavalry of the Xiongnu equivalent to 16 times that of himself, and as a result, they persisted for ten days, fought thousands of miles, and killed tens of thousands of enemies! But in the end, Li Ling was captured, and before he was captured, he said: Give each of my soldiers three arrows, and we can hold out to the border of the Han Dynasty. It's a pity they don't have a single arrow! It is said that they shot a total of 500,000 arrows! It can be seen from this that the lethality of the "strong crossbow" to the "control string" lacking heavy armor can be described as "terrifying".

Incidentally, when the "Euphorbia", who had high hopes for Yuan Shao, faced the 2,000 cavalry defeated by Lu Yi, he had no power to fight back at all, and in the end it was Lu Yi who came to save Yuan Shao.

Analysis: Zhao Yun and Chen Zhi should both be Liu Bei's guard commanders, Zhao Yun is in charge of the cavalry, and Chen Zhi is in charge of the Baier soldiers. In fact, Liu Bei's guards are likely to have not only white-eared soldiers, but also white horse righteous servants.

Zhao Yunchuan mentioned that Zhao Yun was the first to ride after leaving Gongsun Zhan, and Yun Bichuan also said that the period when Zhao Yun officially joined Liu Bei was when Liu Bei was driven away by Cao Cao and went to Yuan Shao, and Zhao Yun's first job after joining Liu Bei was to secretly recruit hundreds of people for Liu Bei. Who are these hundreds? Zhao Yun was born in Gongsun Zhan's White Horse Yisu, and Zhao Yun also brought people and horses with him when he joined Gongsun Zhan, which means that he also has his own subordinates. It is unlikely that Zhao Yun will join Liu Bei alone, most of those hundreds of people are Zhao Yun's old department or some of Zhao Yun's confidants and friends in Gongsun Zhan, after Zhao Yun contacted Liu Bei, he secretly brought those people to Liu Bei one by one. At that time, the legend of Yunbei was that "the secret dispatch Yunhe recruited hundreds of people, all of whom were called General Liu Zuo's troops, and Shao could not know." "Why do you say that it is General Liu Zuo's troops? It was because of those people who were Gongsun Zan who ran all the way from Youzhou to Yecheng under the banner of Liu Bei. Otherwise, if you have been following Liu Bei and in Yecheng, you still need to say anything about General Liu Zuo's troops. It is also said that he is the first lord to ride, so I boldly guess that Zhao Yun brought hundreds of white horse servants to Liu Bei and served as Liu Bei's guard. And Chen Zhi joined earlier than Zhao Yun, and Chen Zhi led Liu Bei's original guards, mainly infantry. The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms mentioned that Liu Bei was chased by a tiger and leopard rider at Changbanpo and had to abandon his wife and leave, but Zhao Yun saved Adou and Mrs. Gan, which means that Liu Bei and Zhao Yun were separated. And Yun Beichuan also said: "At the beginning, the defeat of the first master, some people said that the cloud had gone north, and the first master said with a halberd: "Zilong will not abandon me and go." This is all consistent, so that is to say, the White Horse Yicong Guard led by Zhao Yun desperately rescued Adou from the tiger and leopard riders in Changbanpo, but it is estimated that there were also heavy casualties, because after Zhao Yun returned to the team, Liu Bei arranged for him to be the Taishou, this is a promotion, and the second is probably the death of Bai Ma Yicong. Therefore, when Zhuge later mentioned the elite who had been following Liu Bei, he only mentioned Bai Er, not Bai Ma Yizuo.

9. Xiliang Iron Cavalry - Ma Chao's "Roman" cavalry unit

Coaches: Ma Chao, Ma Dai

Transition: Vanished

Historical facts: "It can be because of poverty, not better!" ”

Analysis: Why can Ma Chao's state fight against Cao Wei in the whole country? This is the power of the "Xiliang Iron Ride". "How many high-nosed and deep-eyed people in the super army" are said to be soldiers from the west of Rome. The difference between Ma Chao's army and Dong Zhuo's army is that Dong Zhuo's army was greatly influenced by the nomadic armies of the Xiongnu and other nomads, and paid attention to cavalry and mobility."

Javelins, the dense Greek military formations, heavy shields, and the size of the army and tactics are very close to those of ancient Rome. In the battle of Jia Meng, even the well-informed Liu Bei also appreciated this tactic very much. One of the reasons for the strong combat effectiveness of the Shu Han army in the later period was that Zhuge Liang absorbed the training and strict discipline of the "Xiliang Iron Cavalry".

In fact, they are not heavy cavalry in the strict sense, so it also has obvious shortcomings, that is, it can't deal with the "strong crossbow", Cao Cao's defeat of the Xiliang soldiers is mainly a strategy, but it is also related to its tactics, that is, after building the city, use a strong crossbow to shoot the Xiliang soldiers from a distance, because the "Xiliang Iron Cavalry" is only equipped with javelins, and the range is limited, so it is very passive. Another disadvantage is the lack of mobility, which is at a disadvantage in the competition with Cao Cao's elite "Tiger Rider", which is inseparable from its heavy equipment.

There are rumors that Ma Chaojun has a high nose and deep eyes, and this sentence has not been able to find a source, but after analyzing it, it is still very possible. Ma Chao's troops are all derived from Ma Teng, Ma Teng legend Ma Teng was recruited by Cao Cao into Beijing, his subordinates and positions were all handed over to Ma Chao, (with Chao as a partial general, Fengdu Tinghou, leading Teng troops. And Ma Teng's history books say that he was born to a Qiang girl, and his appearance is different from that of the Central Plains. Ma Teng's starting point was to suppress the Hu rebellion in Liangzhou (mainly Di and Qiang), Ma Teng signed up for the army, and the local officials thought that this was different from ordinary people, so he gave it to an officer. After the victory, he had his own armed forces, and since then he has been stationing troops in the Liangzhou area. At this time, Ma Teng went to suppress bandits, and he led the army of the Han people, so even if there were ethnic minorities in the army, I am afraid there were not many of them. But Ma Teng is also capricious, he originally went to suppress bandits, and he became a family with bandits. After the death of the Liangzhou Assassin at that time, the Liangzhou Hanting army was in chaos, and Ma Teng and Han Sui defected to the target of the suppression, the rebels of the kingdom. The kingdom's army was mainly composed of local Hu people, and at this time, Ma Teng's troops were estimated to have begun to increase the number of ethnic minorities such as Qiang. After the death of the kingdom, Ma Teng and Han Sui simply divided the kingdom's army. Therefore, there are many Hu people in Ma Teng's army, and this is still more credible.

It stands to reason that Ma Teng has been in Liangzhou, and it has been recorded many times in the history books that his troops are very poor, so poor that they once had no food, and they have not taken advantage of Han Sui's turf fighting activities. As for the strength of the troops, they rebelled with the kingdom in the early days and were defeated by the army sent by the Han court. Later, he was enveloped by Dong Zhuo and rushed to Luoyang to help, but when he arrived, Dong Zhuo had already hung up, so he asked Li Dao for a benefit fee, but Li Dao didn't agree, so he fought. also called Han Sui to take advantage of the fire to rob, but as a result, he didn't even beat Li Dao's nephew and was driven back to Liangzhou. Judging from Ma Teng's experience, the combat effectiveness of his troops can only be regarded as average.

Ma Chao is also an interesting person, as soon as he got the military power, even his father and his family didn't want it, and immediately contacted Han Sui to rebel together. At this time, it was the period when the Xiliang Iron Cavalry was the greatest, and Lao Cao was forced to almost jump into the river in Hanshui, and some historians believe that this was caused by Lao Cao himself, and Lao Cao's army has always advocated practicing with the soldiers. When crossing the river, he first arranged for ordinary soldiers to cross the river, and he threw Xu Zhu's tiger guards behind, and waited until everyone crossed the river, just when Ma Chao's troops arrived, and Lao Cao was very embarrassed. Judging from this engagement, Ma Chao was finally defeated, and when he encountered the elite of the Cao army like the Tiger and Leopard Cavalry, Ma Chao's troops were still far behind.

The first lord sent people to meet Chao, and Chao sent his troops to the city. The city was terrified, and Zhang was the head. This passage is a piece of evidence that many people think that Xiliang Tieqi is powerful. I believe that one of them: after Ma Chao was defeated by Cao Cao, he stopped for a while, and later rebelled, killed Shi Weikang, the assassin of Liangzhou, and annexed his troops. Liangzhou has always been a place of war, at most there were more than 10 warlords, and there were constant riots among the local Hu people, so the garrison and equipment here must be very sophisticated. Ma Chao's strength was replenished at this time, and the history books recorded that Ma Chao was in turmoil this time, and all the counties and counties in Longshang surrendered one after another, and even Jicheng, where Weikang was stationed, surrendered, so basically there was no consumption, but it was replenished. Second, when Ma Chao went to attack Lucheng, Wei Kang's old subordinates in Jicheng rebelled again and closed the Jicheng Gate. Ma Chao was very embarrassed, Lucheng was not laid, and Jicheng couldn't go back. All had to take the troops to join Zhang Lu. As for Zhang Lu, he just provided a small county town for him to station. From this point of view, it is impossible for Ma Chao to take his entire army out to suppress the rebellion in Lucheng, and it is impossible for too many troops to stay in a small county town. Therefore, this part of the army may be the most elite unit of Ma Chao, and it is likely that this part of the army is mostly composed of Hu people.

The Hu people have a reputation for brutality in the border area, and this part of the elite is well-equipped, the people of Chengdu are estimated to have never seen the Hu people who are so powerful as beards, and they have heard the horror stories of the Hu people eating human flesh, so as soon as they saw Ma Chao's barbarian troops arrive, they were all over the city in horror. Liu Zhang's character itself is relatively cowardly, and in today's words, he is a soft egg, afraid of causing trouble. He can't even manage his own Dongzhou soldiers. It's not good, Lord Liu Zhang's mind will be full of thoughts, don't give those Hu people to eat, surrender well, Liu Bei will protect him. So the horror in this city is not because Liu Zhang himself is terrified, he was born in Jinziwo, and he has seen a bearded barbarian?

Is Ma Chao's troops cavalry or not? This is really difficult to say, judging from Ma Teng Ma Chao's resume, it is impossible for them to have the strength to raise a huge cavalry force, but if it is said that in the end, the elite of Ma Chao is cavalry, or mainly cavalry, it is still very possible. Anyway, it scared Liu Zhang, and finally got the reputation of Xiliang Iron Cavalry right, but its real strength is probably far worse than that of Tiger and Leopard Cavalry and Lu Bu's Bingzhou Iron Cavalry.

10. The White Ear Soldier - Liu Bei's last guard

Coaches: Liu Bei, Chen Dao

Transition: Evolved into the infantry of the Shu Han Forbidden Army

Facts:

"Chen Zhi is the governor of the first emperor, the elite of the first emperor, and the superior army of Shu."

"The elite under the tent of the first emperor" refers to the white-eared soldiers. Their commander was Chen Zhi, and Zhao Yun was known as the general of Shu Han, Liu Bei ordered him to lead the "white ear" to defend Yong'an with Li Yan, it is said that after Liu Bei Yiling was defeated, hundreds of white ears blocked the pursuing Wu army.

The forbidden army of the Han Dynasty was originally "Jianzhang Battalion", and later changed to "Yulin Army", at the beginning only the "Northern Army" was established, and the "Southern Army" was added during the Han Dynasty, and the north and south echoed. Shu Han inherited the military system of the Han Dynasty, and there was a "Tiger Step Chinese Army" as the commander of the forbidden army. "The left and right Yu Lin Lang and the Tiger Bu Battalion and the Tiger Horse Battalion, the chief is called the governor or supervisor. The commanders of other Chinese armies are not fixed, and they are called supervising the army, protecting the capital, and protecting the army. ”

Analysis: The white ear soldiers are Liu Bei's veterans, Zhuge Jili once said that Chen went to the superintendent, then the first emperor was under the white yu, and the west was also a soldier. Then this white yu should refer to the white-eared soldiers, and later called the white-eared soldiers, which is generally believed to be caused by a clerical error. Yu, an ornament made of feathers. Liu Beijun is also according to the Han system, what kind of soldiers in the Han system will insert feathers as decorations? Feather Forest Soldiers. As a forbidden army, the Yulin Army has to insert a pheasant tail behind the hat as a decoration, so judging from the name of Bai Yu, this unit is an elite with feathers, and it should be Liu Bei's guard.

There are not many descriptions of the "white-eared soldiers" in the history books, it is estimated that they were later included in the establishment of the forbidden army, and the shadow of the "white-eared soldiers" may be found in the second battalion in the north and south, it is worth mentioning that the commander of the white-eared soldiers, Chen To, the word Shuzhi, a native of Runan, followed Liu Bei through a hundred battles after the establishment of the Shu State to seal the Pavilion Marquis, the general of the expedition to the west, and assisted Li Yan to guard the White Emperor, the "Three Kingdoms" said that "the expedition to the south (Zhao Yun) is heavy, the expedition to the west is Zhongke, the unification of the time to select soldiers, and the list of fierce generals." The Yiling Shu army was defeated, after Chen Zhi broke off with Fu Tong, Fu Tong died in battle, Chen Zhi led hundreds of Baier soldiers, and hundreds of guns blocked the wild pursuit of the Wu army, and the combat effectiveness of the Baier soldiers can be seen. This Shu fierce general doesn't even have a name in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", it's really strange, because he was originally a fierce general second only to Zhao Yun under Liu Bei's account, this may be because Luo Guanzhong has written more fierce generals for Shu than the historical facts, so he had to be wronged Chen Dao, in addition, Chen Zhi is in history "The name is often and Zhao Yun, and he is known as a loyal and brave general", with a Zhao Yun is typical enough, Luo Guanzhong may have merged the two when he conceived it, so Chen Zhi's fierceness in the romance had to flash in Zhao Yun's shadow.

Judging from Chen Zhi's resume, he is on a par with Zhao Yun, and emphasizes his loyalty and bravery, while Chen Zhi followed Liu Bei when Liu Bei was in Yuzhou. When Liu Bei was in Yuzhou, it was actually the time when he was stationed in Xiaopei. There are two periods before and after, one is to go to Xiaopei at the invitation of Tao Qian, and then was driven away by Lu Bu, after defeating Lu Bu with Cao Cao's coalition army, Cao Cao expressed him as the pastor of Yuzhou, and was officially stationed in Xiaopei. This period was the period when Liu Bei developed from a small county commander of the Volunteer Army to a local prince in Yuzhou. Chen Zhi joined Liu Bei during this period, and after that, everyone knows that Liu Bei was in exile, first seeking Cao Cao's Xuzhou, but was driven away, and was regarded by Cao Cao as a lifelong enemy from then on, chasing all the way from Yuan Shao to Xinye, and finally running to Xichuan.

11. The first to ascend to the dead - the short-lived light cavalry nemesis

Commander: Koji Yi

Transition: Vanished

Historical facts: "Shao Ling Lu Yi took 800 soldiers as the first to ascend, and thousands of strong crossbows were carried out, and Shao Zi formed a formation with tens of thousands of infantry. Yijiu is in Liangzhou, Xiao Xi Qiang fights, and the soldiers are sharp. ”

In the battle of Jieqiao, these 800 "first" under the leadership of Yuan Shao's general Lu Yi (don't look down on him who was ignored by Romance, his performance in the early stage was more eye-catching than the so-called "Four Generals of the River", and later because of his pride, he was killed by Yuan Shao) actually defeated Gongsun Zhan's "more than 10,000" horsemen, including the elite "White Horse Yicong"!

Seeing that his soldiers were few, Zan let his horse go and wanted to trap him. The volunteers are all ambushed and do not move, not to dozens of steps, but at the same time, the dust is shouted, straight forward conflict, strong crossbow thunder, the middle will fall", the history books write very clearly, these 800 people "Xiao Xi Qiang Fight", that is, familiar with the "horse fight", when the Gongsun Chan cavalry rushed to them, they hid in the "under the wolf", "not to dozens of steps" when they rushed out, with a thousand "strong crossbows" shot down the Gongsun Chan across the north of the "control string".

According to the Heroes' Chronicle, in the Battle of Jieqiao that year, Yuan Shao heard about Gongsun Zhan's White Horse Yicong and said, Shao smiled and said: "He has a 'White Horse Yicong', and a certain 'Euphorbia', are you afraid?" Hu He: "Jun Yi, I will break it!" It can be seen from this passage that Yuan Shao's elite is what he thinks is the Euphorbia, but in the Battle of the Boundary Bridge, it was not the turn of the Euphorbia to perform, because before he arrived, Gongsun Chan was defeated. Defeated at the hands of the first deceased, as can be seen from the name, the first deceased is a death squad, no matter how the performance of the battle of the boundary bridge (endure until Gongsun Zhan's horse team is dozens of steps away from him before getting up and fighting back, this kind of courage is really very human. ), or the character of his chief general Ju Yi (arrogant and arrogant), as well as the experience of this army (long in Liangzhou, Xiaoxi Qiang fight, the soldiers are sharp, and he has defeated the Xiongnu Shan Yu Fuluo).

These can be seen that this army is composed of very fierce outlaws, and among its members there is a famous Yu Ban (forbidden was originally the first to ascend)," the Later Han Shu once said: "The world is strong and brave, and the people are feared, there are mergers, Liang people, and the Xiongnu, Tu Ge, Huangzhong Yicong, Xiqiang eight kinds, and Ju Yi's army is from Liangzhou, the first death has always been an infantry according to the description, but has defeated the cavalry-based Xiongnu Shan Yu, which shows that one is the first to die of the fierce, The second is that they have rich experience in fighting cavalry.

The battle of the boundary bridge describes that Shao Ling Lu Yi took 800 soldiers as the first to ascend, and the strong crossbow was carried out by thousands of zhang, and I guessed here that this kind of strong crossbow is not an ordinary hand crossbow, it is likely to be a waist crossbow. The bow and crossbow technology has made great progress in the Han Dynasty, which is also the capital of the Han elite soldiers to run rampant in the world, especially against foreign cavalry. As mentioned earlier, the Western Han Dynasty first had a horn bow, as the main weapon of the cavalry, and the infantry developed a crossbow, when Li Ling led 5,000 infantry to go deep alone, rampant in the north of the desert, the housekeeping skill is ten thousand crossbows. From the Eastern Han Dynasty, the waist crossbow began to appear, and Wu Beizhi said that "the weak use the kick, and the strong still use the waist stretch". So when it comes to strong crossbows here, I guess it should be a big crossbow such as a waist crossbow, and the waist crossbow requires a strong force to pull it.

The Xiandeng Dead Warrior defeated the White Horse Yicong more than once, once in the early days of the Battle of the Boundary Bridge, and later defeated Gongsun Zhan's cavalry several times until Gongsun Chan did not dare to go out. The unit of the first deceased soldier showed a complete victory against the white horse Yicong represented by the light cavalry. It's just a pity that the fate of this unit is a pity, and Lu Yi's character is too arrogant. It was said earlier that Lu Yijiu was in Liangzhou, but in fact, his ancestral home is in Huangzhong, what is Huangzhong? Why do you say that the people here are brave all over the world? Because this is the place where the Eastern Han Dynasty exiled prisoners, and it is also the place next to the Hu people. After Wang Mang bought this place from the Hu people, he sent a large number of prisoners and their families to go there as a buffer zone for handover with the Hu people, so it is conceivable that the people here have to be afraid of the invasion of the Hu people every day, so it is not surprising that everyone is martial and fierce. And Lu Yi was born in a big family, he joined the army with more than 1,000 of his own family brave, the Later Han Book said that he led the house slaves in Liangzhou to fight against the Hu cavalry since he was a child, brave and good at fighting. The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms also said that after Yuan Shao killed him, he "merged with the others". Looking at it this way, Lu Yi's troops are not Yuan Shao's own troops, they should be the family warriors who follow him all the way, this group of people lives in danger all the year round, and it is not surprising that they are brave enough to surpass ordinary people.

But Koji Yijiu has been outside the Sai for a long time, and it is estimated that he doesn't read much, doesn't understand politics and is not good at hiding his character. After making great contributions, he always felt that Yuan Shao couldn't stand him, and the reward was too little. I don't have much to do and I don't have a good idea, so what kind of bad idea do you come up with? colluded with the Black Mountain thieves and prepared to rob Yuan Shao's house while Yuan Shao was setting up a banquet. Oh my God, what kind of brain is this, Yuan Shao has been very jealous of him since then, Lu Yi's character is also capricious after the Han Book description, that is, there is no faith, Yuan Shao later found an opportunity to kill him. It seems that these outsiders don't read much, and they don't pay much attention to credibility, several famous frontier warriors, Lu Bugongsun Ma Chao and this Lu Yi, are all repeated.

But the history of the Koji family is not over, and this big clan in the frontier has been in turmoil many times since then, and it is extremely brave. In fact, the Koji family is still quite loyal to the Han Dynasty (the Koji family is a criminal so they were sent to the frontier, which is very laughable, but the later rebellions were all against Cao Wei's overthrow of the Han Dynasty). In the early days, Lu Yi was sent by the Lu family to the Central Plains to assist Huang Pu Song in quelling the rebellion of the Yellow Turban Army, and later went to help Yuan Shao, who was known as the orthodox fourth and third duke. As soon as these dead soldiers of the Koji family entered the Central Plains, they even performed miraculous feats, and the world shook, which made people have to admire the strength of the Koji army. Speaking of this, it should be over, Yuan Shao's elite Xianden is actually just a family unit sent by the Biansai clan to donate to him, after the death of Lu Yi, it is estimated that other people will not be satisfied, or killed, or flee, this heroic and invincible army of the Lu family will gradually disappear, but a few people will be displaced to other princes, and continue to shine brightly, such as Yu Ban.

XII. Tiger Guards - Cao Wei's Assassin troops

Commander: Xu Chu

Transition: Evolved into a military guard

Historical facts: Cao Cao did not have the name of the Tiger Guard at the beginning, it should be said that this name was added to him, because Cao Cao was not an imperial system in the early days, so he imitated the Han Army's northern and southern army and the forbidden army system was not complete, and the Tiger Ben camp or Tiger Guard Army was only later. Wei is strong, and all his generals are selected pawns, and every time he fights, he often climbs to capture Chen first.

Xu Zhuchuan: Taizu favors Huai, Ru, Chu returns to Taizu with all people. Seeing this, Taizu said: "This is what I am." "Worship the captain on the same day and bring in the guards. All the servants are considered tigers. At the beginning, Chu will be the tiger warrior from the expedition, Taizu thought that they were all strong men, the same day worship as a general, and then to merit for the general marquis dozens of people, more than 100 captains, school captains, all swordsmen.

It can be seen here that from the beginning of Xu Zhu, he was called Huwei, and his duties were the same as those of Dian Wei, and they were all personal guards responsible for Cao Cao's security. Judging from the description, the Tiger Guards are the infantry units of Cao Cao's forbidden army, because they are all swordsmen, the Tiger Guards are a main force of Cao Cao in the early days, and they are also responsible for Cao Cao's guards, the most famous is the battle of Wancheng and the battle of Ma Chao, all of which are broken, Dian Wei led more than 10 people in Wancheng to break off for Lao Cao Paoniu, and finally died, and Xu Zhu led more than 100 tiger guards in Hanshui to resist more than 10,000 chasing soldiers of Ma Chao and escort Lao Cao to cross the river. Later, Xu Zhu was named General Wuwei Zhonglang, which should be the original Tiger Ben Zhonglang General, and changed his name. But during the period of cold weapons, cavalry has always been the decisive force in the war, and since Lao Cao vigorously developed the tiger and leopard cavalry, the tiger guards are basically responsible for personal safety. This can also be seen from Lao Cao's intimacy and establishment. The tiger and leopard cavalry is divided into two battalions, the tiger cavalry and the leopard cavalry, and the tiger and leopard cavalry commander only arranges his own family, and the tiger and leopard cavalry commander later served as the highest commander of the Chinese army (that is, the forbidden army) - the middle leader. The Tiger Guard has more than 100 captains and captains, and it has always been maintained at about 100 people, and there is a big difference between the proximity and the establishment. It shows that the importance of the tiger guard is still not as important as the tiger and leopard riding.

Thirteenth, the death of Xiaoyaojin

Commander: Zhang Liao

Vicissitude:

Historical facts: Zhang Liao's "800 dead soldiers". So Liao Ye recruited those who dared to follow, and got 800 people, and the soldiers of the vertebral cattle feasted, and the battle tomorrow began. Pingdan, Liao was held by Jia, first landed and trapped Chen, killed dozens of people, beheaded two generals, shouted his name, rushed into the base, and went to the command. ”

14. Relieve the troubled army

XV. Euphorbia

XVI. Dongzhou soldiers

XVII. Qingzhou Bing (the earliest construction corps) - the rabble in the early days of Cao Cao

Commander: Cao Cao

Transitions: Unloading the armor and tuntian

Historical facts: "More than 300,000 surrendered soldiers, more than 100,000 men and women, and those who received their elites were called Qingzhou soldiers." What about the so-called elite? Lu Bu "first rode the Qingzhou soldiers, and the Qingzhou soldiers ran". Seeing that more than ten people were wounded and walked away, he forbade asking why, and said: "It was robbed by Qingzhou soldiers." ”

Analysis: It is difficult to be regarded as elite in Qingzhou soldiers, because the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms record that the Yellow Turban Army surrendered more than 1 million people that year, and Cao Cao took 300,000 to be the Qingzhou Army, such a large number, it is difficult to call it elite, and as soon as he heard that Lao Cao was dead, he clamored and left, in terms of nature, it should be a mercenary. It is mentioned only because after all, it accounts for a sum in the history books, but in fact, it is far from the elite, because regardless of the record (when he attacked Lu Bu, he was beaten by Lu Bu and could not form an army. Qingzhou soldiers run, Taizu Chen chaos, galloped out of the fire, fell from the horse, and burned the palm of his left hand. Sima Lou helped Taizu to get on the horse and led him away. ”）。 Or discipline (Wancheng Lao Cao almost died, under the defeat of the Qingzhou soldiers actually took advantage of the fire to rob, but also robbed their own people, did not go to the Taizu Institute, the Tao saw that more than ten people were wounded naked, forbidden to ask the reason, said: "Robbed by the Qingzhou soldiers." "At the beginning, the yellow scarf descended, the number of Qingzhou soldiers, Taizu Kuanzhi, so he dared to be a strategy. Forbidden anger, and ordered his people to say: "Qingzhou soldiers also belong to Cao Gong, and they are still thieves!" "Ask for it, count it for sin"). These all show that the Qingzhou soldiers are far from the elite, so when Lao Cao was still weak in the early stage, he had to use the Qingzhou soldiers, which can be described as his starting capital. But then the strength became stronger, and the mercenary was no longer used. They have been arranged to be stationed in Qingxu.

Wei: Wuwei, midbase, backbone, Xiaocai, guerrilla

"The Wei system is slightly like the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the northern and southern armies are the same", Cao Wei successively placed the new five battalions of Wuwei, Zhongjiao, Zhongjian, Xiaocai, and guerrillas, and returned them to the commander of the Central Army. These are all elite troops. When Zhang He rushed to Yongliang to resist Zhuge Liang, he went to Luoyang to transfer the fifth battalion of the Southern Army, because they were the elite of the Wei army.

Cao Ren's "Xiao Ride?". "Ren should not be, so he was put on a horse and rode dozens of strong men under his command out of the city."

Dian Wei's "guards armor", "Taizu recruited Chen, Wei first occupied, and dozens of recruits were recruited, all of whom were heavily clothed and armoured, abandoned, but held spears and halberds", although these are elite, but they are only "other departments", it is difficult to call them "army", so they are not listed.

Shu: Wuqian, Wudang, Feijun, Tiger Cavalry, Scattered Cavalry, Martial Cavalry

Wuqian and Wudang are both a brave team. The Flying Army, which is dominated by Qingqiang, a branch of the Qiang people, is divided into five parts. Tiger step, a brave infantry team. Tiger cavalry, a brave cavalry team, in addition to scattered cavalry, martial cavalry and other cavalry teams. Zhuge Liang's strict training and discipline of the troops, as well as the equipment of crossbows and refined steel swords, and the promotion of the Eight Formations, greatly improved the overall strength of the Shu Han army.

Wu: Yulin, Tiger Ride, Dare to Die, Relieve Trouble, No Difficulty, Horse Leisure, Five Battalions, Five Schools

Yulin was a janissary guard of the Eastern Wu court. Tiger Cavalry, the cavalry unit that guards the capital. Dare to die, relieve trouble, have no difficulty, and have idle horses, all of which are brave stormtroopers, mostly divided into left and right departments, each with the left and right governors leading the troops. Five battalions and five schools each have five battalions of soldiers, five battalions have five battalions to supervise and lead soldiers, and five schools have five schools to supervise and lead soldiers. Because Wu's military system is relatively chaotic, these elite troops that Wu boast of should not be overestimated. Because in a series of battles, they also did not show the combat effectiveness that elite troops should have.