If there is a living wolf, there is a dead sheep.

- Tibetan proverb

The roof leak happened to rain overnight, and the ship was broken and encountered a head wind.

The Jin State suffered successive defeats on the battlefield, and when the Liao State was destroyed, the Khitan Yelu Liuge, who surrendered to the Jin State and was named a thousand households by the Jin State, raised troops in Liaodong and betrayed the Jin State.

When Genghis Khan's bodyguard Badr heard the news, he immediately reported the situation to the Great Khan.

Genghis Khan was overjoyed when he heard the news, squinted his slender eyes and thought for a while, and immediately assigned Badr to get in touch with Yeluliugo, and then sent officers and soldiers to support and jointly defeated the Jin army that was trying to quell the rebellion.

Genghis Khan praised Badr for his great achievements.

In the autumn of that year, Genghis Khan launched a second war against the Kingdom of Jin.

Following Genghis Khan, Badr led the main Mongol army to attack Xijing of the Jin State, and set up an ambush at Migukou in the northeast and west of the West with the strategy of besieging the city and attacking the reinforcements, and annihilated the reinforcements led by the Marshal of the Jin State, Otunxiang.

During the attack on Xijing, Genghis Khan was accidentally hit by an arrow fired by a golden soldier and rolled off his horse.

Frightened, Badr hurriedly jumped off his horse and used his body to protect the Khan's body.

Genghis Khan pulled out the arrow inserted into the flesh and muttered, "It seems that God is not willing to let us enter the city now." Deliver my orders, and the whole army retreats. ”

The dying Jin Kingdom was once again given a temporary respite.

Seeing that the Great Khan was injured by an arrow, Badr, as Genghis Khan's personal guard, felt very guilty in his heart, and deeply blamed himself for not protecting the Great Khan. He stayed by the Khan's side every day, carefully taking care of Genghis Khan's diet and daily life, and treating his wounds.

One day, Genghis Khan, reclining on a couch in a tiger skin, asked: "Badr, do you know how vast the land is under our feet?" ”

Badr replied, "The end of the heavens, where the sun sets, is the edge of the earth." ”

Genghis Khan said solemnly: "No. At the end of the horizon there are many more countries, with fertile grasslands, rushing rivers, rolling mountain peaks, rich farmland and cities, and piles of gold and silver treasures as high as Mount Kent. Whoever is the strongest in the world belongs to whomever they belong. We in Great Mongolia must be the strongest country and have all the best things in the world. Got it? ”

Badr nodded convincingly and replied, "I see." Sweat. ”

Fortunately, Genghis Khan's injuries were not serious, and he gradually healed after a period of recuperation.

In the summer of 1213, the Great Mongols launched their third war against the Jin Kingdom.

Badr still followed Genghis Khan to lead the main army, and fought with the Jin army in Huailai (now Huailaidong, Hebei Province) and Jinshan (now Yanqing, Beijing), defeated more than 100,000 Jin troops, and victoriously arrived at the north entrance of Juyong Pass.

The Jin army sealed the gate with smelted molten iron, and deployed more than 100 miles of iron thistle terrestris, and was ready to defend against the attack of the Mongol army.

Genghis Khan carefully studied the enemy situation and decided to implement the tactics of avoiding the real and attacking the weak. He left only a small part of his troops to contain the enemy at the north pass, and ordered the Zaba'er fire man, who had been an envoy to the Jin country and was familiar with the terrain of the Jin country, as a guide, and led the army of the general Jebe to cross the trail, surprise attack the south pass, and attack the north and south, and successfully captured the important pass Juyong Pass.

Next, Genghis Khan led the main army to the south, attacked the Bauhinia Pass (northwest of present-day Yixian County, Hebei Province), conquered Zhuozhou, and besieged Zhongdu (present-day Beijing), the capital of the Jin Kingdom.

The Mongol army's strategy of great detours was a clever move. After conquering Zhuozhou and Yizhou, Juyong Pass lost its role in guarding the Beijing Gate, and the gate to Zhongdu was opened, plunging the Jin Kingdom into chaos.

After the Jin State conquered Yanshan Mansion (present-day Beijing) of the Liao State in 1125, it was renamed Nanjing, and still had Huining Mansion (present-day Acheng City, Heilongjiang Province) in Shangjing in the northeast as its capital.

On the one hand, the Jin Emperor feared that the clans and nobles in Shangjing would threaten his rule, and on the other hand, he considered that Shangjing's remote location was not conducive to his rule over the whole country and economic exchanges with the Central Plains. He saw that Yanjing was close to the Central Plains, the roads extended in all directions, and the products were very rich, and the conditions for being the first good place were unique.

As a result, the Jin Emperor decided to move the capital to Nanjing.

The middle capital city was expanded to the east, west and south on the basis of Yanshan City of the Liao Kingdom, referring to the planning and architecture of the capital city of Tokyo Kaifeng in the Northern Song Dynasty, and it took 1.2 million people to complete it after two years. Zhongdu became the most prosperous commercial metropolis in the world at that time. Today's surviving Beihai, Xiangshan, Diaoyutai, Yuquan Mountain, Taoran Pavilion, Yuyuantan, etc. are all the palace palaces of the emperor of the Jin Kingdom. The eight scenery of Yanjing, such as the Taiye Autumn Breeze, the Spring Shade of Qiongdao, the Clear Snow of the West Mountain, the Dawn Moon of Lugou, and the Chuihong of Yuquan, which people talk about today, were also named from the Kingdom of Jin.

For such a prosperous, wealthy, and colorful big city, how could Genghis Khan, who had great ambitions, be indifferent? Riding on the black horse, he pointed to the distant capital with his horsewhip and said to Badr, "Badr, that is a city made of gold, and it is a treasure that the Kingdom of Jin has prepared for us. ”

"Great Khan, my friend of the Kingdom of Jin has sent news that there has been civil strife in the high command of the Kingdom of Jin, which has finally led to a palace coup d'état, and the royal family is killing each other. ”

When Genghis Khan heard the news, he was keenly aware that the opportunity had come. He judged the situation and immediately decided to take advantage of the victory and attack the capital of the Kingdom of Jin.

Wanyan Xun, the new emperor of the Jin State who was surrounded by the Mongol army in the central capital, struggled like a trapped beast for a while, and was finally forced to sacrifice the princess of Wanyan Yongji and 500 virgins and 500 virgins to Genghis Khan for peace and truce.

Genghis Khan saw that Jin Guofu, who had always had a hard mouth, a hard neck, and a hard means, begged for mercy, so he smiled with satisfaction and accepted the gift, and the class teacher returned to the court.

Wan Yanxun was afraid that the Mongols would come back to attack the central capital in the coming year, and despite the resolute opposition of the ministers, he resolutely decided to move the capital to New Nanjing (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) in the Jin State.

Jin's friends quietly told Badr about the emperor's thoughts.

Genghis Khan got the information that Jin planned to move the capital, and he couldn't help but scold in his heart: "I don't know what tricks you kid has?" Don't try to escape from my hands! ”

Puzzled, Badr asked, "Great Khan, it's a good thing that the enemy was scared away by us, why aren't you upset?" ”

Genghis Khan replied: "A wolf is a wolf after all, and he will eat sheep wherever he flees." ”

Genghis Khan immediately sent troops to surround the central capital and prevent the Jin State from moving the capital.

In the summer of 1214, the Jin Emperor officially ordered the capital to be moved to Nanjing, despite Genghis Khan's ban.

At this time, the Jin army composed of Khitans had been discriminated against by the Jurchens for a long time, and the resentment in their hearts finally broke out, and they mutinied in the area of Liangxiang (now Fangshan, Beijing) and surrendered to the Great Mongolia.

After listening to Badr's report, a smug smile appeared on the corner of Genghis Khan's mouth. He decided to seize the great opportunity of the Jin State moving its capital and the fluctuation of people's hearts, and sent the Mongol army over the Great Wall and into the Han region of the Central Plains.

The Mongol army, under the guidance of the Han general Wang Ju, passed through Gubeikou and triumphantly joined the Khitan rebels. They rested on the spot and began to jointly besiege Zhongdu.

Genghis Khan adopted a different battle strategy from the past, ordering the general Mu Huali to lead his army to attack Liaoxi and Liaodong in the northeast to distract the attention of the Jin army.

In the summer of 1215, the commander of Jin Guozhongdu saw that the defeat was decided, looked up to the sky and sighed bitterly, and committed suicide by taking poison. The lieutenant also absconded privately. The remaining soldiers saw that they were at the end of their rope and had no choice but to open the gates and surrender to the Mongol army.

After Genghis Khan entered the central capital, he ordered all the treasures of the treasury to be transported to the headquarters of the Mongolian steppe.

Subsequently, Genghis Khan ordered the Mongol soldiers to enter the city and rob, so that the capital fell into a catastrophe.

The fire in the middle capital continued and burned for more than a month. A bustling world-class capital city is in black ruins.

The relocation of the capital of the Jin Kingdom itself was a misstep. After moving the capital to Nanjing and Kaifeng, most of the land north of the Yellow River was occupied by the Mongol army, and it lost not only Hebei, but also Liaodong, which was the fundamental land.

The Jin Emperor's abandonment of Zhongdu marked the official on-the-fast track to the demise of the decaying Jin State.

The Mongol army then plundered Hebei, Shandong and other places. During this period, Genghis Khan adopted the advice of his generals, absorbed the advanced military technology of the Han region in the Central Plains, formed the Mongol artillery army, and began to focus on attacking the city with artillery stones first.

At this time, Taiyuan Mansion was transferred from the Jin State to the hands of the Great Mongolian State. The people of Taiyuan are still living under the rule and oppression of foreign tribes, one by one like frightened birds, trembling, and not knowing when they will return to the Great Song Dynasty.

Wang Chen's descendants in Taiyuan are called Wang Changshun, who runs a restaurant in Taiyuan City, specializing in selling local snacks, what Qing and Yuan Brain, haggis cutting, oily meat, dough, sauce meat, mash, millet porridge, old tofu, steamed dumplings, fish and sheep buns, enema, as well as the local people's best at ramen, shaved noodles, dialed noodles, rolled noodles, slices, sharpened, stewed noodles, slices, fish, cat ears, rubbing buckets, dipping slices, dumplings, etc.

One evening, several sturdy Mongol soldiers came to Wang's restaurant and asked him to bring out the best food.

Wang Changshun thought about it for a while: The best thing in our family is naturally pasta, so he asked the guy to make a few large bowls of various pasta and quickly served them.

The Mongolian diet has always been based on beef and mutton. When the Mongolian soldiers saw that there were only a few minced meat in the rice bowl, they tasted two more mouthfuls of pasta, felt that their mouths were light and tasteless, and thought that Wang Changshun was deliberately fooling them, so they immediately became furious, and even splashed all the noodles and vegetables on the ground, brandishing Mongolian sharp knives, and shouting loudly to bring the meat.

When the other customers of the restaurant saw this posture, they were so frightened that they dropped their rice bowls and flew without touching the ground.

Wang Changshun saw that he had broken into a catastrophe, and hurriedly stepped forward to explain: "In these years, the army has been in chaos, and the supply of beef and mutton has long been cut off. ”

The Mongol soldier ignored his explanation at all, and ordered with a glare: "If we can't bring beef and mutton, we will eat your meat today!" ”

Wang Changshun hurriedly ran to the backyard, caught an old hen that was left to lay eggs, slaughtered it, put it in a pot and stewed it over high heat, and then served it with a smiling face, which fooled the Mongolian soldiers.

After the Mongol soldiers had eaten and drunk, they cursed and left.

Wang Changshun looked at their distant backs, and muttered in his heart: For a while, it was a party member, a moment a Khitan, then a Jurchen, and now a Mongolian Tatar, and the Great Song Dynasty may have no hope.

In 1216, in order to find out the strength of the Jin State, Genghis Khan ordered more than 10,000 cavalry to seize Tongguan in Shaanxi Province through Western Xia, and then reached the city of Nanjing (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) of the Jin State. When they found out that the Jin State had a heavy army here, they immediately crossed the Yellow River and went back.

In view of the difficulty of destroying the Jin State in a short period of time, Genghis Khan decided to leave part of his troops in the Jin State to fight a war of attrition, and he himself led the main force back to Mobei to rest and wait for the opportunity.

During this period, most of the Jin army was stationed in the state capital, building castles, and the walls were high and the pools were deep, which was difficult to attack and easy to defend.

The Mongol army minimized the siege of fortifications, made full use of the strong mobility of cavalry, and advocated mobile warfare, annihilating the army of the Jin State in the movement that they were good at.

The Mongol cavalry galloped inside and outside the Great Wall, annihilating a large number of elite troops of the Jin State, sweeping half of the rivers and mountains of the Jin State, plundering a large number of people, animals and property, and expanding their own army. Because their focus was on revenge and plunder, the Mongol army stayed for a short time even after occupying many prefectures and counties, and quickly withdrew its troops back to the camp after taking the goods.

In 1217, the war between the Great Mongols and the Jin Kingdom continued, but the national strength of the Jin Kingdom was not as good as it used to be, and it gradually began to decline.

In the autumn, Genghis Khan appointed Mu Huali as the prince and king, and led 13,000 Mongolian soldiers, 10,000 Wanggu soldiers, and the northern Han landlords who belonged to Mongolia to attack the Jin State.

He conscientiously summed up the experience of previous battles, and felt that he could not only be a grassland rogue who attacked the city and plundered wealth, but also to establish a stable state institution, so he issued an edict to Mu Huali, allowing him to recruit Han heroes from the Central Plains and establish provinces in the occupied places.

Mu Huali conquered the Jin Kingdom for 10 years. He inherited Genghis Khan's strategic and tactical thinking, fully displayed his wisdom and talents, and achieved remarkable results.

First of all, Mu Huali reused Han Chinese generals who had surrendered to Mongolia.

In 1218, Mu Huali captured the local tyrant of Yizhou and Zhang Rou who stayed in the central capital at Bauhinia Pass, and entrusted him with an important task.

Zhang Rou lived up to his high expectations, fought hard to kill the enemy, and conquered more than 30 cities in Hebei for the Great Mongolia.

Since then, more and more Han generals have surrendered and entrusted Mu Huali with important tasks. Shi Bingzhi, the leader of Qingle in Hebei, Shi Tianni and his son, and Shi Tianying, the marshal of Xingzhong Prefecture, assisted the Mongol army in occupying and administering the prefectures of Liaoxi, Hebei, Shanxi, and Shandong, making up for the lack of administrative management of the Mongols.

Secondly, in the past, the Mongol army captured a place and plundered it and then left, most of which came and went in autumn and spring. However, as soon as the Mongol army left, the Jin army quickly resumed the administration of the state capitals.

This time, Mu Huali changed his previous practice of wantonly killing and plundering and seizing land, and put officials in charge of the town, operated and managed, and laid the foundation for building a stable country.

Again, Mu Huali changed the traditional arrangement of troops, and adopted the tactics of frontal confrontation, encirclement on both sides, and flanking attacks, achieving the miraculous effect of winning more with less and taking the surprise with more.

Zhang Zhi is a Han who sold himself to the Jin State in the past, and became an official to a general. He saw the Mongols rise and surrendered to the Mongols.

Once, Zhang Zhi's wish did not come true, and he suddenly rebelled against his new master, Mongolia, and led his troops to occupy Jinzhou.

Mu Huali was so angry that he blew his beard and glared, and immediately divided the Mongolian army into two routes, one with the Mongol Buhua leading the frontal attack, and the other way personally commanded the flank attack, and carried out a pincer encirclement of the reinforcements sent by Zhang Zhi, captured more than 3,000 heads, and also executed Zhang Zhi, who had a volatile political position.

After Genghis Khan's expedition to Khorezm, Mu Huali kept in mind Genghis Khan's instructions and expectations, and fought hard to kill the enemy in order to repay the country.

One year, he led the Mongol army to besiege Fengxiang in Shaanxi, but he could not capture it for a long time.

He said guiltily to his generals: "I was ordered by the Great Khan to fight, and within a few years I had acquired Liaoxi, Liaodong, Shandong, and Hebei, and I did not dare to slack off at any time. Not long ago, he conquered Tianping and Yan'an. Now that he can't attack Fengxiang several times, wouldn't he live up to the expectations of the big man! ”

He was loyal to the Great Mongol State and did his best, and finally died of illness on the battlefield of the conquest of the Jin State.

Contrary to Mu Huali, the generals of the Jin Kingdom have always enjoyed generous blessings, lost the brave and tenacious national blood of their ancestors, their strategies and tactics are outdated and backward, and they know how to flee for their lives when they start fighting, and none of them can be regarded as heroes who stand up to the sky.

The Mongols gradually became stronger by making small and winning more with less. More than ten years later, looking back at the outcome of the war between Mongolia and Jin, I am afraid that "a handful of fine sand" is about to fill up a vast "sea".