Instead of eating with foolish people, it is better to carry stones with smart people.

- Uyghur proverb

In 1220, Samarkand, the capital of the Khorezm Empire.

One evening, Uncle Ahmed came to Ali's house in the Old City. He exchanged greetings with Ali's parents, then took off his galoshes, stepped on the low clay kang with one foot, sat cross-legged on a blanket covered with sky blue background embroidered with grape vine patterns, and slowly tasted a delicious pilaf with almonds and raisins, and drank strong tea, while telling everyone about the current political news:

"There are currently three main countries in the eastern land where the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty were established: the Jin State established by the Jurchens in the northeast, the Dabaigao State (i.e., Western Xia) established by the Dangxiang people in the northwest, and the Southern Song State established by the Han people in the south.

To the west of the White High Kingdom is the Qarakhanid State established by the Uighurs and the Karakhitan (i.e., Western Liao) established by the Khitans, and further west is our great country.

Just when our country was fighting with the Karakhitan and our close relatives of the Turks, Genghis Khan, a great hero in the East, completed the unification of the tribes of the steppes and formally established the Great Mongolian State on the banks of the Oro River in the upper reaches of the Heilongjiang River, breaking the situation of the three kingdoms in the East.

In fact, Genghis Khan's Great Mongolia does not border the territory of our country, and there are two or three countries in between. Do you understand? ”

Ali's father replied, "Yes." In the middle are the Great White High Kingdom, the Karakhitan and the Karakhanate State. ”

Uncle Ahmed took a sip of his tea, then said:

"Because the Baigao Kingdom occupies Heishui City, the passage for the northern barbarians to invade the Central Plains, it controls the wealth of the Hetao and Hexi Corridor areas, blocking the doorway for the Great Mongolian State to extract wealth. Therefore, after the rise of Mobei, the Great Mongolian State has always regarded Bai Gaoguo as a thorn in the side and a thorn in the flesh, and simply used it as its own training ground, constantly sending new recruits to attack and harass, and practicing the combat effectiveness of the Mongolian troops on the spot.

At that time, there was a generational hatred between the Great Mongolian State and the Jin State, so they maintained a deep hostility and tried every possible means to break away from the control of the Jin State.

Based on the strong national power of the Jin State at that time, Genghis Khan tried his best to avoid tearing up his face with the Jurchens when unifying the steppe tribes, and instead took the Bai Gao Kingdom, which first controlled the Hetao and the Hexi Corridor, as the target of conquest.

Genghis Khan was wise and wise, and quickly used force and stratagem to break up the alliance between the Jin and Bai Gao kingdoms, so as to avoid being attacked by the Jin kingdom on both sides.

Genghis Khan sent batch after batch of Mongol troops to attack the White High Kingdom.

Seeing that the Mongols were always bullying him, Bai Gaoguo had no choice but to ask for support from his former ally Jin Guo aggrievedly.

Emperor Jin's stomach is narrow, and his vision is even shorter, he has neither a sense of crisis nor a sad feeling of a dead rabbit and a fox, not only does he not save his old friend Bai Gaoguo, but he also takes the attack on his neighbors as fun, and sits in his own home to watch the excitement.

The approach of the Jin Emperor reassured Genghis Khan. He officially decided to let the Mongol army attack the kingdom of Baigao.

At the same time as the Armageddon and Karakhitan were engaged in a decisive battle at Talas (present-day Talas, Kazakhstan), the Mongols also won their first war victory in the East against the White Goat.

This party member turned out to be a branch of the Qiang people, who used to pay special attention to righteousness and morality, but later changed his temperament and became very powerful, and began to like to observe words and feelings, climb the dragon and attach the phoenix, and do his best to tie up the powerful countries in the neighboring countries. Now seeing the extraordinary momentum of the Great Mongolian State, he not only immediately betrayed the suzerainty of the Jin State and quickly took refuge in the Mongols, but also turned around and launched a war with the Jin State that lasted for more than ten years.

Since ancient times, two powers have competed with each other, and the third country has benefited.

The two countries of Bai Gao and Jin fought back and forth with the strength of the whole country, weakening each other's strength, causing the common people to complain and bury countless crises and conspiracies.

Bai Gao's strategy of defecting to the Great Mongol State against the Jin State did not bring it any benefit, but greatly reduced the credibility and loyalty of the Mongols to it.

Apostate has never ended well. This is an eternal and unchanging wise saying.

From 1205 to 1209, the Great Mongol State sent troops to attack Bai Gao State three times, the purpose of which was to warn Bai Gao State not to betray Mongolia, not to secretly drop into the arms of Jin State, and take advantage of the fire to rob.

After eliminating the worries of Bai Gaoguo, Genghis Khan made it clear to the world: the Great Mongolia and the Jin State completely broke off diplomatic relations, and the Mongols had nothing to do with the Jurchens from then on.

The horn of the attack on the Kingdom of Jin was officially sounded.

In 1211, Genghis Khan launched a large-scale war against the Kingdom of Jin.

The Mongol army broke the 400,000-strong Jin army at Yehuling (on the border of present-day Zhangbei County and Wanquan County in Hebei Province), then invaded the Han Central Plains, plundered everywhere, and finally besieged the capital of the Jin State, Zhongdu (present-day Beijing).

Although they besieged the capital of the Jin Kingdom, the Mongols were good at fighting on horseback on the steppe, and they had no idea what to do with the fortified cities, so they had to turn around and return in a huff.

Although the Jurchens escaped a catastrophe, because they had settled in the Central Plains for a long time, the wildness of the northern ethnic groups was gone, and seeing that they were powerless to stop the Mongols who were flying south, they had to choose to dodge and avoid, and moved the capital from the central capital at the foot of the Great Wall to Nanjing (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) on the bank of the Yellow River.

The following year, the Mongols finally learned the tactics of attacking the city, and in one fell swoop they broke through the central capital, sweeping the entire northern plain and the Shanxi Plateau, and continued to move south unstoppably.

Since ancient times, penetration across the Altai Mountains to the west has been a natural expansion route for the nomads of the Mongolian Plateau. The former Xiongnu Empire, the Rouran Empire, the Turkic Empire, and the Uighur Empire all did this. The Turkic Empire even expanded all the way to the edge of the Iranian Plateau and the Hindu Kush Mountains, starting the process of Turkization here and changing the bloodline, language, and customs of our East Iranian people a lot. Our ancestors also mixed with Turkic blood.

Bai Gaoguo, who was like a wolf and a tiger back then, was terminally ill under corruption and could not be helped. Although the king of Bai Gao was a man of statecraft, he still could not save the fate of the country. What's even more ridiculous is that he actually planned to attack the Mongol headquarters on the occasion of Genghis Khan's western expedition, but this secret was quickly leaked.

Bai Gaoguo not only lost the speculative nature of the left and right, but also refused to send troops to help the Great Mongolia conquer the Karakhitan in the west, which angered Genghis Khan.

In 1217, Genghis Khan sent a Mongol army of tens of thousands to launch the fourth crusade against the White High Kingdom, imposing severe punishment on it, leaving it in a state of collapse.

Having subdued the disobedient Bai Gaoguo, the Mongols took advantage of the victory to attack the Jin State on the one hand, and coveted our land and wealth on the other.

Why, then, did the Mongols suddenly stop their southern offensive and turn their attention to the west?

Everything happens for a reason. That's because our king, Aladdin Mahamat, made a fatally wrong decision that directly exposed our ultimate intention and that of the Great Mongols, each looming – to dominate the world.

Our country not only dominates the countries of the Amu Darya, Syr Darya and Iranian plateaus, but also monopolizes the traditional East-West trade routes.

The Mongols hope that by establishing a smooth trade partnership with our country, they will transport the luxury goods they plundered from the East to European countries through our country, so as to multiply the profits of the country and enrich the people, and achieve the goal of dominating the whole world.

Our king, Aladdin Mahamad, was also ambitious after his successive victories, and he was bent on a crusade against the great Mongol kingdom in the east, expanding our territory to the far east, and directly obtaining silk, tea, ceramics, and so on.

So, our king, Aladdin Mahamad, sent a huge mission in the name of business to the Great Mongols to spy on military intelligence.

Genghis Khan gave great hospitality to our mission. He knew very little about our country before, and he was planning to find out the bottom of our country. It was only through his conversations with the mission that he learned about the basic conditions of our country, and believed that we could become the current trading partner of the Great Mongolia in exchange for spices, woollen fabrics, precious stones, and various daily necessities, and wait until the Great Mongolia became more powerful to annex the Khorezm Empire.

Genghis Khan warmly asked the head of the mission to convey to our king, Aladdin Mahamad: I am the ruler of the East, and you are the ruler of the West. Let us always maintain friendly relations between the two sides and let businessmen come and go freely. It's good for both of us.

Genghis Khan showed great sincerity and decreed that our merchants should be allowed to trade in various regions of the Great Mongolian Kingdom.

Our spies, who claimed to be merchants but were actually spies, began to move around the prairies, collecting information from all sides, and sending it back to China in secret.

The Mongols are not idiots, but also in their hearts with the idea of our country.

The Karakhitan controls the Chu River valley and the Tarim Basin, which straddles the Great Mongolia and our country. The Khitans often blocked trade routes between the East and the West, affecting the Mongol trade. The Kara-Khitan monarch is not a true Khitan today, but a usurped the Khitan throne and was also the main opponent of the Mongols in the steppe, the prince Qu Qu of the Barbarian tribe.

Genghis Khan decided to first make an expedition to the Karakhitan to clear the trade barrier between our two countries and make direct contact with our country, so that he could destroy his former enemies.

In 1217, Genghis Khan ordered the general Jebe to march on the Karakhitan with 20,000 Mongol cavalry.

For a time, the war horses neighed on the avenue leading to the Western Regions, and the smoke and dust billowed out, covering the sky and the sun.

The phoenix that fell on the shelf is not as good as a chicken. At this time, Karakhitan had changed from a tall and mighty camel to a docile little lamb.

The Iron Cavalry of the Great Mongols did not spend much effort to sweep away the entire Karakhitan. As the invaders, the Mongols not only did not receive strong resistance from the Kara-Khitan people, but actually won the support of the people because of their tolerant ethnic and religious policies.

The lonely man fled to a foreign land, where he was captured alive by the common people and given to Jebel as a trophy to be killed on the spot. The Kara-Khitan, which once dominated Central Asia, perished. Its territory thus became the territory of the Great Mongolian State. Since then, the western part of the Great Mongolian State has been directly bordered by the territory of our country. The two tigers were just crammed into a cage.

In the spring of 1218, our king, Aladdin Mahamat, received a delegation from the Great Mongols in his palace in Bukhara and read the letters brought by Genghis Khan.

Our king, Aladdin Mahamad, accepted Genghis Khan's proposal for peaceful coexistence and trade, agreed to establish good-neighborly relations between the two countries, and to guarantee the security of trade between the merchants of the two countries.

Next, the two sides formally concluded a written peace treaty.

That evening, our king, Aladdin Mahamat, together with the Minister of Defense, Ismaili and me, summoned Mahmud, the head of the Great Mongolian Mission, separately.

Mahmud was once a subject of our Khwarazm Empire, but later moved to the East to do business, and was hired by Genghis Khan as an emissary of the Great Mongol Kingdom because he was fluent in Mongolian and Khorezm.

Our king, Aladdin Mahamat, took out a priceless jeweled bracelet and said meaningfully to Mahmud: 'No matter how long the Amu Darya River is, it has its own source, and the great Mongolian kingdom is not as good as the motherland.' This precious gemstone bracelet is given to you as a souvenir, so that you will always remember the warmth of your motherland. ’

Flattered, Mahmud nodded again and again and said, "No matter how high the mountain is, it will not forget the foundation of the earth, and although the little people are the head of the Great Mongolian Mission, they will not forget the blessing and nurturing of the mother country." Xiaomin has never contributed the strength of a grain of sand for his mother country, and he has always felt guilty in his heart. Today, the honorable Majesty has given a precious bracelet, and the little people will always remember their kindness and repay the country with their bodies. ’

Our King Aladdin Mahamat smiled and said, 'It's not a small thing. However, after you return to the East, you will give back to your mother country the movements of the Mongol army in time, and I will reward you with a beautiful city and a crowd of beauties in the future. ’

Mahmud was so frightened that he quickly took the jeweled bracelet from our king Aladdin Mahamat with both hands, bowed deeply to him reverently, and then raised his head and said resolutely: 'The little people are willing to serve their mother country faithfully and die.' ’

As soon as our king, Aladdin Mahamat sent off the Great Mongolian mission, he organized his military staff to intensify his plans to ensure that our country was ahead of the Great Mongols in sharing the benefits of the Karakhitan.

Soon, our king mobilized the elite troops of the whole country and personally led them to take advantage of the chaos of the situation to seize the territory of the newly destroyed Karakhitan. ”

Ali said, "The third brother, Ayyub, followed our king, Moal-addin Mahamat, to go there. ”

Uncle Ahmed shook his head helplessly, then put the thumb and index, middle, and ring fingers of his right hand together, and pinched a handful of pilaf to eat.

Ali's mother quickly dissuaded: "The pilaf is already cold. I'll go warm it up and eat it. ”

Uncle Ahmed let go of his fingers, and the pilaf slipped onto the silver plate.

He let out a long sigh and said word by word: "When the two powerhouses meet, how can they give in?" Everyone knows that one mountain can't accommodate two tigers. ”