The movement to bring down the shogunate in Japan is often described in textbooks as a bourgeois revolutionary struggle in which the southwestern feudal lords with developed capital economy united against the feudal shogunate.

This is purely a bit of a sideline, because to say that the capital economy is developed, the most developed place in Japan is in Edo, that is, Tokyo in later generations, just as the Xinhai Revolution in China did not break out in Shanghai but in Wuhan, not because Wuhan is economically developed, but because the defense here is weak.

The reason why the rebellion broke out from the southwest was that it was an area where the shogunate was weak, and the daimyo were mainly the feudal lords who opposed the shogunate when the shogunate was established, and the local ruling class had no good impression of the shogunate.

Historically, the earliest Shogunate Movement, even before the Opium War, was initiated by Heihachiro Oshio, a low-ranking samurai, who led hundreds of men in an uprising against the tyranny of the shogunate in Osaka in 1837, which was suppressed in a single day. This is obviously unlikely to be influenced by any Western capitalism. It was just a rebellion by bankrupt low-ranking samurai who were dissatisfied with the ruler. Their early slogan was not industrialization and modernization, but the reverence for the king, under the banner of respecting the emperor, and vigorously excluding foreigners, hoping to expel the Western forces instead of carrying out the bourgeois revolution in the West.

However, the Westerners taught them a hard lesson, and under the foreign guns and cannons, the samurai of the Shogunate faction found that their katana was completely incapable of confrontation, and they were deeply stimulated, understanding that the West was stronger than them, and the shogunate was not weak, not that the shogunate was weak, but that the shogunate was unmoving. So they began to change their slogan, and they turned into the opening of the port and the fall of the curtain, and only rushed the direction of the struggle to the shogunate.

Therefore, the Curtain Downfall Movement, in essence, was actually an act of collective rebellion against the government by those who were dissatisfied with society at the end of the dynasty. It was only because it was caught in the historical context of modernization that it happened to be led by a group of enlightened politicians, who took this opportunity to put Japan on the process of modernization.

Therefore, the internal cause was the collapse of the social order under the collapse of the agricultural economy, which was no different from the change of dynasties in China's peasant uprisings, but by chance the leaders turned around in time and turned to the process of Westernization. Therefore, it can be said that it is a feudal regime change movement that has been impacted by the ideology of modern capital.

Because the whale of China jumped into the sea, it is impossible for the small shrimp of Japan to develop as in history, so the current shogunate and shogunate are also different from history.

Historically, the Shogunate Movement was forced to sign a trade agreement with the United States, but the Emperor refused to accept it, and it was the Shogunate Elder who signed the treaty without authorization, which caused widespread dissatisfaction among the lower-ranking samurai, or it was a fuse, so that their long-standing dissatisfaction found a channel to vent, and finally formed the Shogunate Movement.

In this history, the emergence of the Shogunate was more caused by the impact of Chinese commodities, which led to the disintegration of Japan's natural economy, the restructuring of the new economic system, and the imbalance of power between different interest groups in the process.

Because of the economic decline, the southwest strong feudal clan took the lead in profiting from the sea trade, and the shogunate has always insisted on closure, which led to the dissatisfaction of the southwest strong domain with the shogunate, and the Chinese smuggling group brought advanced weapons to the southwest strong domain, which boosted their confidence, so as in history, the geographical relationship made the southwest strong domain the first to be affected by the impact of the capital economy. However, because the shock came from China, it caused psychological disgust different from the impact of foreigners, and they were more receptive, driven by interests, the powerful feudal clans in the southwest secretly protected smuggling, just as they protected smugglers like Wang Zhi and Zheng Zhilong in history.

The shogunate was very dissatisfied with this, and at one time punished the feudal lords of the powerful southwestern domains, but these feudal lords did not have close control over the feudal domains because they lived in Edo for a long time, and they were overshadowed by the feudal lords who controlled the feudal government. Their relationship with the feudal lords was maintained through traditional feudal culture and morality.

However, these cultures and morals were shattered by the impact of interests, and the Choshu and Satsuma domains were the first to openly disobey the shogunate's orders.

At one point, the shogunate was planning to defeat these two powerful feudal domains, but China intervened to mediate and prevent war from breaking out. And persuaded Japan to gradually open up the country.

In general, China's attitude was pro-shogunate, bringing a lot of new technology to the shogunate and sending a lot of technical advisers.

However, Japan's fragmented political form did not become stronger because of the introduction of new technologies, but the more the economy developed, the weaker the shogunate's control became. Following the powerful feudal domains in the southwest, the powerful feudal domains in the northeastern region prospered with the development of minerals and forests, and the shogunate came into conflict with the shogunate because of its monopoly on mineral development rights.

In addition, Chikuzen Province, a powerful feudal clan that started with new mineral resources, gradually shook off the gap with other feudal kingdoms and became a powerful feudal clan that stood out in the forest.

China has always supported the shogunate, and all diplomatic exchanges are conducted directly with the shogunate. The attitude expressed was also clear, supporting the shogunate's control of the political situation in Japan.

To a certain extent, this was appreciated by the shogunate. It also displeased the powerful feudal clans, although China actually protected them from being suppressed by the shogunate when they were weak. But as they grew stronger, China became an evil force that helped the shogunate oppress them.

The British took advantage of the situation, they could not open a gap from the shogunate, but among these forces that opposed the shogunate, they found allies. Since they opened up earlier than in history, and through China, they know a lot about the West. We all know that Britain is a western power that can compete with China. So they hit it off with the British, the British gave military aid, provided advanced weapons, and the powerful feudal lords in the southwest rebelled against the shogunate, and after seizing power, they would give the British trade preferences and open the Japanese ports to the British, instead of the current situation, the shogunate was only open to China.

In the case of China's strength, the Shogunate faction, despite their complaints, could only hold it in their stomachs, and on the surface they would continue to maintain their allegiance to the shogunate, but once China was in trouble, they would immediately take action.

During the economic crisis, China's internal instability and the outbreak of large and small labor movements in almost all the eastern coastal areas made the Chinese government too anxious to pay attention to Japan.

At the same time, the economic crisis has also dealt a major blow to Japan, which has just become less industrialized, and in recent years, the Chinese workers' movement has allowed a number of labor-intensive industries to move into Japan.

A number of spinning factories, some silk reeling factories, and various mineral and forestry companies have appeared in Japan. In fact, most of these capital industries were not controlled by the shogunate, or they were industries in the shogunate's territory, but some of them were controlled by the powerful feudal clans, but they all operated in the same direction, that is, exports to China.

Japan imports cotton from India and the United States, spins it and exports it to China for a small processing fee. The local silkworms are used to reel the silk and export it to China. Japan's gold, silver and copper mines, and the largest exporter of timber are all China. As a result, China's economy was in crisis, and both the shogunate and the powerful feudal clans suffered a heavy blow in an instant. Workers lost their jobs, finances were strained, and a social crisis erupted.

Compared with the economy, a number of modern industries have begun to appear, and Japan is still in the Tang Dynasty politically, similar to the Tang Dynasty's feudal towns, but the shogunate has a better control over the feudal state, and the shogunate deprives the fiefdom of the foreign daimyo, so that the shogunate's territory and the daimyo form a dog-tooth staggered situation, and at the same time ordered the daimyo to live in Edo for a long time, without giving the daimyo a chance to rebel. The shogunate's control over the state was somewhere between centralization and secession of princely power.

Such a political form and economic level are obviously incompatible, and sooner or later something will happen.

So when China had a parliamentary system and had no time to think about anything else, the forces of the Japanese Shogunate faction united. The alliance between the powerful feudal clans in the southwest has been formed for ten years, the powerful feudal clans in the northeast have also been united, and the powerful feudal feudal lords in the central part have only just been formed. Under the economic crisis, more of the lower classes went bankrupt or their livelihoods were in dire straits, and the citizens and peasants revolted, and the lower classes of samurai were mainly indignant at political corruption and injustice, and economically they became wealthy by serving Chinese overseas companies, and there was income from buying beautiful kimonos for their wives and daughters, not to mention living in Japan, a country with a low cost of living.

The Curtain Sect is led by a group of people who are not dissatisfied with their status quo, but with a sense of mission.

Among them, the main force was still the Choshu Domain and the Satsuma Domain, which were the earliest to fall, and the lords of the two feudal domains both admired Lanxue, that is, the Western knowledge of Japan was introduced from the Dutch, so they began to introduce Western technology very early, which made Zhou Lang once very amazed by the learning ability of the Japanese, and it was also related to their better foundation and deeper understanding of the West.

The reason why these two feudal domains were able to take the lead in rising was actually forced, because both feudal domains were close to the sea and both were barren.

During the Warring States Period, Mori Moto, based at Yoshida Castle in Aki-gun, possessed 1.2 million koku territories in the Ten Kingdoms of Chugoku (Japan China), and his grandson, Mori Terumoto, fought against Oda Nobunaga. After Nobunaga's death, he compromised with Toyotomi Hideyoshi and participated in the government, becoming one of the five elders, and his status was on par with Tokugawa Ieyasu.

After the death of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Tokugawa Ieyasu fought for power, and in the Battle of Sekigahara with Toyotomi's old department, Choshu was the general of the Western Army, and he was the Daimyo of the Western Army with the highest Ishitaka. After the defeat of Sekigahara, the seal was reduced by Tokugawa, from 1.2 million stone to 170,000 stone. The territory was reduced from ten countries to two countries. As a result of the drastic reduction of the lockdown, the Chōshū Domain's economy was in dire straits, and it began to re-measure the land, and even included miscellaneous taxes and small things outside the annual supply, such as trees and salt pans, into the village high, so as to increase the total income, implement a commodity monopoly system, and supplement the finances. He also repeatedly issued the "Thrift Decree" to reduce the salary of the feudal lords.

Even though a large number of reform measures were taken to increase the fiscal revenues of the feudal domain, it was still difficult to solve the fiscal deficit, and the feudal debts continued to increase, causing poverty among the peasants and peasant uprisings. By supporting local merchants to realize the monopoly system of various commodities, although the financial situation was increased, a small number of merchants made a windfall, causing widespread dissatisfaction among the citizens and triggering a major riot against the monopoly system.

Therefore, when China began to change and turned to industry and commerce, they were very welcome to trade with China.