After the Napoleonic Wars, Russia fell into civil strife. In the area east of Moscow, Speransky presided over the establishment of a bourgeois government, but the core of Russian rule has always been in the western region, and serfdom has been retained in the central black soil until Ukraine.

Moreover, the country was in turmoil, many rural communes were attacked, a large number of rebel forces were divided, and the tsar could not accept the newly created bourgeois government in the eastern regions all the way to Siberia, and he could only rely on the noble landlords in the central black land, so he immediately announced the restoration of serfdom in the eastern regions.

Instead of resisting, Speransky went into self-imposed exile in China, where he was instructed by Zhou Lang to reform the judicial system. In the government left by Speransky, a large number of bourgeois politicians were unwilling to accept the tsar's decree to restore serfdom, and they chose to resist.

With the help of the Chinese army, they used the liberated serfs and captured Russian soldiers to form their own police force, and before the Chinese army retreated, they left behind a large amount of munitions and supplies, and they immediately turned the police into an army, and the cities around the Urals declared a republic, and a civil war broke out with the tsarist government.

It took only one year for the tsar to suppress the Ural Republic, after all, Russia was still a backward serfdom country, and the power of the bourgeoisie was limited, but it took three years for the serf revolt after the pacification, and Russia was unable to participate in what was happening in Europe during these four or five years.

After the suppression of the opposition, the Russians once again restored serfdom and even expanded it, and they also began to promote serfdom in Siberia, exiling a large number of landlords convicted in the civil war, along with their serfs, to Siberia. Some of these landlords participated in the rebellion, but more often because they had been too close to the Chinese army during the Chinese occupation and had provided supplies to the Chinese army. The practical reason was that the Tsar needed their lands in Europe to reward the new nobility, and he also needed them to fill the too small population of Siberia, and the Tsar was not comfortable with the fact that Siberia was too close to China.

In just three years, as many as 200,000 landlords and serfs were exiled to Siberia, bringing the population of Siberia to 1.5 million. It is mainly concentrated in the area around Lake Baikal, where reclamation is carried out.

The economic development of this region was greatly promoted by the entry of these human resources into the Baikal region, where the landlords cultivated land, hunted in the forests, exploited local mineral deposits, especially gold mines, and the rapid increase in gold production in Russia greatly alleviated the plight of the outflow of precious metals to China.

With the development of the Siberian economy, the scale of trade between Russia and China continued to expand, and before China established the gold standard, it was as high as 20 million taels of silver, and after the gold standard, it exceeded 1 million taels of gold, which is equivalent to more than 20 million taels of silver.

The annual tariff collected by the tsar from it was as high as 5 million taels, and the annual 1 million taels of gold mined fell into the tsar's pocket, and the Russian finances were greatly enlarged, and it took them five years, followed by the favorable situation of the collapse of the world silver price, to buy a large amount of silver from Europe, pay off the 100 million taels of silver owed to China, and successfully recover the Kyakhta customs.

However, the debt of 600 million taels owed to the British was still 500 million taels unpaid, and the customs in St. Petersburg were still under the control of the British, which made the contradiction between Russia and Britain more and more great.

However, the British could not see and touch it, and the object that Russia wanted to attack most was the Austrian Empire, which not only used military threats to get Tsarist Russia to cede Bessarabia seized from the Ottoman Empire, and included Transnistria west of the Austrian Empire in the sphere of influence, but also on the issue of the two principalities of Moldova and Wallachia (later Romania), which was constantly at odds with the Ottoman Empire, and began to claim to be the protector of Moldova and Wallachia. Extended the territory to the Black Sea and controlled most of the Danube basin.

And those two principalities, which were originally the target of Tsarist Russia, controlled the mouth of the Danube and prevented Austrian expansion here, which had always been the Tsar's strategy.

It is not only Russia that is obsessed with the problem of access to the sea, the Austrian Empire is also because the core area is located inland, subject to the access to the sea and seriously affects the domestic economy, so the expansion to the Black Sea has always been the strategy of the Austrian Empire, in this direction, sandwiched between Austria and Russia is the Ottoman Empire, but when Russia has beaten the Ottoman Empire into the sick man of West Asia that everyone can bully, the contradiction between Austria and Russia began to be highlighted.

Austria's annexation of Bessarabia was based on the concept that Britain and Prussia both hoped to expel Russian power from Europe, as well as the current situation of Russia falling into a civil war, and united Britain and Prussia to seize it by military threat, and it was only a matter of time before it seized the two principalities of Moldova and Wallachia.

Sandwiched between the Ottoman Empire, Tsarist Russia and Austria, the Black Sea coast at this time was actually a powder keg.

The Russians, who had been unable to watch Austria encroach on the Black Sea region, had now recovered, and the bourgeois liberals at home had been released like a revolution, and now there was no opposition in the country, and Russia under serfdom was unusually stable.

Financially, it became relatively well-off through the development of Siberian gold mines and entrepot trade with China. They can finally claim those that are their legal rights.

The conflict with Prussia was in Poland, where Prussia, through civil strife in Russia, united with Austria and Great Britain, to recover Prussian Poland, including Warsaw, which had been given to the Tsar by Napoleon, but supported Russian Poland as an independent state, with its capital in the city of Norno (Vilnius Polish pronunciation) on the Polish-Lithuanian territory seized by Tsarist Russia in 1795.

Because the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania before it was partitioned by Russia and Austria, it was a country with a large population and territory in Europe, and Russia divided more than half of the territory of Poland and Lithuania, after the independence of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania, it is still a big country, with an area of more than 500,000 square kilometers, larger than France, and a population of up to 6 million.

Russia had contradictions with the Anglo-Prussian and Austrian powers, and it was these three countries that suppressed Russia at the Congress of Vienna, so that Russia not only did not gain anything from the Napoleonic Wars, but lost a large amount of territory, which is intolerable in any case.

The British were too far away, and Prussia was now separated from Russia by a Polish-Lithuanian kingdom, bordering only Austria via Bessarabia.

Proceeding from the point of view of emotion and interests, of course, Russia wants to take back Poland first, which not only means that Russia will increase its population by several million, but also that Poland's industrial level is more developed than that of Russia, and taking back Poland will greatly improve Russia's technological field, and Poland's metallurgical industry will also be very helpful to Russia's military production, and most importantly, Poland controls Russia's Baltic Sea ports.

However, the reason for Poland's independence was mainly because of Prussia's strong opposition, before the decisive battle between the tsar and China in the Urals, Prussia had been very obedient, and was even willing to fight with Russia against the British and Austrian alliances, after Russia was defeated by China, Prussia was quickly drawn over by Britain, and the two countries had a long-term alliance, until now, Prussia still positions itself as the defender of British interests in Europe, making this alliance very close.

Therefore, once Germany attacks Poland, Prussia will inevitably intervene, and Britain will stand behind Prussia and provide economic support. Austria would not have been willing to see Russia regain Poland, because that would mean that Russia would face Austria's Bohemia, the core industrial region of the Austrian Empire.

Poland was forced by Britain, Prussia and Austria to become independent, and moving Poland meant that the Triple Council Alliance was against Russia; First of all, with the withdrawal of Russian power from Central Europe, Austria became the first power in this region, replacing France and becoming the hegemon of Central Europe with British counterbalance, and the most important role of Britain and Prussia was to suppress Austria, not to restrain Russia.

Prussia and Austria began to compete for hegemony within the German Confederation, trying to squeeze Austria out of North Germany, and in the event of a war between Russia and Austria, Prussia chose to be neutral, and Prussia was neutral, and Britain would not intervene, because Britain would have no channel for interference.

So Austria became the only breakthrough for Russia's westward development.

With the recovery of national strength, Russia's attitude towards Austria has become increasingly tough, and it has begun to demand that Austria return Bessarabia, and to prepare public opinion for this purpose, to promote itself in Europe as a victim of the seizure of territory, and to stimulate national sentiment at home in preparation for war.

Austria, on the other hand, has always been reluctant to clash head-on with Russia, and their level of diplomacy is higher, presided over by Metternich, who is considered to be the highest diplomat in Europe before Bismarck.

In the face of such an expert, Russia's public opinion campaign in Europe was very unsuccessful, and Austria successfully portrayed it as Russia's ambitions for Europe.

Metternich's frequent presence in Berlin and London, and even France's support for Austria, made Russia's diplomatic environment very poor.

But where the general trend is, the contradiction between Austria and Prussia, from the moment Frederick the Great took away the rich Silesian industrial region from Austria, can not be alleviated, Britain's worry about the European continental powers, will never stop, so if Russia and Austria go to war, no matter how high the diplomatic level of Metternich, these two countries will also have a high probability of remaining neutral.

Just as the Russians' bayonets were approaching Austria's chest little by little, suddenly Austria said that it could hand over Bessarabia to Russia.

Soon the two countries signed a treaty, Russia recovered Bessarabia, and then issued an ultimatum to the Ottoman Empire on the Greek question.

The Greek War of Independence had begun, and the Ottoman Empire sent troops to suppress it, and Tsarist Russia believed that the Ottomans were massacring the Greeks and demanded that they withdraw from Greece.

Russia's military objectives turned from Austria to the Ottoman Empire in an instant.