Militarism and martial spirit are not flood beasts, the key is that you have to have a dam before the flood and a fence in front of the beast, so that you can restrain the water and trap the beast, so that this flood beast can be used by me. Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 ｉｎfo

The current Ming Army obviously does not have the conditions of Germany, let alone the Japanese Army in the future.

The first is that Zhu Jinglun's prestige is relatively high, and the degree of loyalty of the military is naturally high, but this system of loyalty to the individual is obviously not reliable, and Japan is an example, every soldier is loyal to the emperor, but at the collective level, the army becomes unreliable, becomes unable to obey the strategic interests of the state, acts only according to the personal will of the officers, and finally drags Japan into the war at an inopportune time.

If Japan had only annexed Northeast China at that time, and at the same time did not form an alliance with Germany, and waited for the outbreak of World War II, they would have the opportunity to annex China, at least they would have the opportunity to occupy the entire Northeast China, then Japan's national strength would not be the same, and it would have truly had the material foundation of a world power.

The second is that the current power of the army is very decentralized, and in the past, the most senior officers were only directly under the jurisdiction of one army, 10,000 people. However, this kind of small-scale army corps is obviously unable to meet the needs of large-scale operations, and the defeat of France is an example, so Zhu Jinglun accepted the reform of the military system of the Shaozhuang faction and changed it to a military region system, and each military region set up a general army, and the power of senior officers seems to be enhanced, but the general army cannot be permanently stationed in one place, and needs to be transferred in turns, so it is not possible to form a foundation in a certain place for the time being. But this kind of checks and balances obviously cannot be reliable, and many countries in later generations did not have any militarism, but they launched coups one after another, such as Pakistan, where the chief of staff was always able to come to power in a coup. Because the chief of staff at this time was only a representative of the interests of the army, the reason why the army supported his coup d'état was only because he was dissatisfied with the government and the army wanted to have its own interests.

Therefore, even if a single officer is not allowed to have strong power, but only if the army becomes an independent interest body, then it is militarization, and even if one person does not become the warlord itself, the entire army will become a warlord, and it is nothing more than the collective will replacing the individual will.

Therefore, in order to stabilize an army, in addition to cultivating a certain tradition and culture through time, and finally forming ideas, it is also necessary to take specific measures to check and balance.

In ancient China, the military power was firmly in the hands of the emperor, because the emperor was theoretically the one who was the least likely to betray the country, because the whole country belonged to the emperor. The emperor controlled the army by making strict rules that no one could mobilize the army without it. But rebellion after rebellion in history has proven that this method is not so solid.

In Western countries, it is to cultivate the moral culture of officers loyal to the king, the country and God, the British soldiers always shouted slogans such as for the glory of the queen when they charged, and Frederick the Great of Prussia cultivated a Junker officer class with high loyalty to the country, claiming to be the first public servant of the country, and loyalty to the country is loyalty to the king.

However, Japan's example proves that these cannot be perfectly applied, and that Western systems and cultures will be subject to accidents when applied to Eastern countries, and even an army like Japan, which has high military loyalty and a strong nationalist ideology, cannot be completely subordinated to national interests.

Not to mention China, the military education system established in the Republic of China era modeled after Japan and Germany, except for cultivating warlords, did not cultivate a rational elite for the country.

To say that China's control of the army effect is good, it should be regarded after the Song Dynasty, that is through the extreme emphasis on literature and light on military force, so that the civilian group completely suppressed the military general group, the Ming Dynasty is even more so, the military generals do not have any sense of honor, the later senior military generals even have to kowtow when they see low-level civilian officials, Song Ming is to control the army of the tiger, but the tiger's minions have also been pulled out, after the Song Dynasty, the martial spirit of the Han and Tang dynasties can no longer be seen, and the foreign enemy appears weaker and weaker.

Obviously, Song Ming's set of emphasizing literature and light martial arts is not suitable.

It is really a dilemma to let the army maintain a strong martial spirit that may get out of control, and over-suppressing the army may make the army lose its combat effectiveness.

How to keep the army, soldiers, and officers in a high degree of martial spirit, and how to prevent the army from being too self-absorbed and ignoring national interests is a worldwide problem, and it is really impossible to count the countries that have solved it perfectly.

Britain, the first hegemon in the modern state, was able to ensure domestic stability by maintaining a very small army and basically serving as officers by nobles with a strong sense of honor, and mainly relied on a strong navy to maintain its hegemony, and the navy was a military branch that had no conditions to rebel.

Before World War II, the United States had almost no standing troops, and after the Revolutionary War, everyone elected Washington as president, and the first thing he did was disarmament. However, after World War II, when the United States became the new world hegemon and had no choice but to maintain a strong military force, the United States became a little sour and began to become belligerent, and rumors of collusion between the military and certain interest groups broke out at every turn.

With the mature system of checks and balances of power in the United States, it cannot perfectly control the army. It is really not an easy thing for other countries to avoid. However, if we can control the military to the same level as the United States, and if we can not only control the strong combat effectiveness of the army, but also the government can basically control the actions of the army, it is actually quite successful.

However, the Americans have established their own tradition in the form of a small army for hundreds of years, not even a standing army, and each state only recruits militias, and it is obviously impossible for the Ming Dynasty to establish such a system immediately.

Zhu Jinglun thought about it for a long time, and he knew very well that in order to keep the army stable, it was not enough to cultivate the loyalty or patriotism of officers, and the Japanese army was loyal and patriotic enough, but it dragged down the whole country. Zhu Jinglun also believes that Wen Yuan, a group of young Zhuang faction officers, is absolutely loyal to him, and he brought it out by himself, which he still knows very well.

One of the most important reasons why the Japanese army dragged the country into the abyss in the end was that they did not respect the civilian government, they were independent and only obeyed the emperor, so there was no need to respect the civilian government. Theoretically, their patriotism will not do anything unfavorable to the country, but the problem is that the nature of the military determines the mode of thinking of military personnel who advocate force, but many problems cannot be solved by force, and the more they use force, the more likely it will be counterproductive. Moreover, the judgment of the soldiers is obviously not as accurate as the old foxes who are mixed with the officialdom, so the decisions made by the soldiers on state affairs are more likely to be mistaken.

Therefore, the patriotic enthusiasm of the army needs to be maintained, and the feudal ideology of loyalty to the monarch, which has been criticized and outdated, is worth advocating as long as it is useful. But the army can't be allowed to decide state affairs, unless the judgement of the officer can be equal to that of a veteran politician, then it is necessary to cultivate the political level of the officer, but in this way, the officer has become an old fritter in the officialdom, Zhu Jinglun feels that the army is still simpler, if the old fritter in the political arena is allowed to play the army, in the end it will only play the army badly, just like the literati of the Song and Ming dynasties in charge of the army, and in the end it is equivalent to pulling out the tiger's minions.

Zhu Jinglun pondered for a long time before deciding to take two steps: the first was to add a military regulation that military personnel are not allowed to interfere in politics, prohibiting military periodicals and newspapers from talking about politics, and military periodicals only need to publish purely military content; Second, he began to increase the civilian government's control over the military.

Even if he has a military background, once he wants to join the government, he must first remove his military position, and the secretary of defense must be a person who wears a suit, not a military uniform. The reason why the Japanese soldiers finally went their own way was caused by the lack of checks and balances in the civilian government from the beginning.

If the government's policies can be supported by the army, then the government is stable, otherwise it is chaotic. Even if the government and the army are thinking about the interests of the country, once the army feels that the government is doing something wrong, the army will immediately rebel against the government.

Zhu Jinglun used to think about stability, so he always firmly grasped the power of the army, and now the country is quite stable, and the country is thriving, although there are some financial difficulties at present, the national economy and national politics are relatively stable, and at this time, it is time to hand over military power to the government.

The purpose of the transfer is not to make the prime minister the head of state in the future, but still for the sake of stability, to solve the opportunity for the army to be independent of the government and gradually form its own interests, to prevent the army from becoming a special force beyond the control of the government, and to maintain the government's control over the country, that is, to maintain stability.

As for whether Zhu Jinglun will lose power, at least in the current situation, Chen Zhiting and these civil officials are not used to the emperor not doing anything at all, although the army is handed over to the civilian officials, but when the civil officials themselves like to be obedient courtiers, it is equivalent to handing over power from their left hand to their right hand.

Taking a step back, even if Zhu Jinglun's power is sidelined, and the Ming Emperor becomes a national symbol with no real power like the monarchs of Western countries, there is nothing wrong with that, this is also the trend of modern countries, whether it is Britain or Japan, it is difficult to escape this law.

In fact, Zhu Jinglun actually thinks that like the British royal family, it is actually quite good to use prestige not to maintain the unity and stability of the country, as long as it can maintain stability for a long time, as for the form of government and what the state system is, it does not matter.

As a result, Zhu Jinglun began to push for the General Staff Headquarters to be transferred to the Military Department instead of being directly under his own jurisdiction, and the power to appoint and dismiss officers was transferred to the Ministry of Officials, instead of being personally managed.