Gu Jiang listened, frowned and thought about it again: "Da Mu, what you said is not unreasonable, then how do you think you can reverse this style of study?" ”

Zheng Sen listened, and said: "The little brother is not talented, and he has some superficial ideas. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 infoFirst of all, you need to have a foundation. 'A gentleman is a gentleman, and he is born from the beginning. 'Where' Ben? If the master, if Mr. Yangming, you can do whatever you want. If we wait, we cannot. The former Yan Yuan asked Ren. Zi said: 'Self-denial is benevolence. One day of self-denial and revenge, the world will return to benevolence. For the sake of benevolence, but by others? Yan Yuan said: "Please ask his eyes." Zi said: "Don't look at indecent things, don't listen to indecent people, don't say indecent things, don't move indecent people." 'With Yan Yuan's talent, he still needs to move at all times, let alone me? Therefore, our study should be based on the scriptures, and the mind is not our way to get out of the scriptures. Therefore, all academic research must have evidence, and the evidence must be verifiable and proven, and it cannot be constructed against the wall. ”

Gu Jiang listened, and slapped the folding fan in the palm of his left hand and said, "This is a great good!" If this is the case, then the scholar will not be able to write articles without working hard to read. ”

When Zheng Sen heard this, he just smiled and said: "This is one of them, if it stops here, I'm afraid that although there are fewer crazy births, but there are probably more old carving insects and nerds who are looking for chapters and sentences." Therefore, there is one more article to be added to the foundation of practical learning. ”

At this time, Fang Yizhi, who was listening on the side, interjected and asked, "Dare to ask, which one should be added?" Obviously, Zheng Sen's idea also intrigued him.

"Theory is linked to practice, and it is ...... Mr. Mizhi," Zheng Sen almost said "close contact with the masses" without paying attention, "You also know that learning is for use, and if you learn it well, the only thing that can be proved is whether it will be used." Zhao Kuo and Ma Tan learned the art of war, if he used the art of war to take the imperial examination, he would be the champion, and he was afraid that Han Xin would be willing to bow down. But it doesn't work, what's the benefit? When the master was in power, the son traveled to the master and used it in Wucheng; Zi Lu Ran has studied politics from the master to assist the Ji family. What you have learned is used in everything, and then you know that it is insufficient, and then you invite the master, and then you can call it a sage. Therefore, whatever is learned, it must be tested by practice, but it is not enough to know, and what is not enough can be perfected. And where it is practical, there must be knowledge to guide it, and if there is learning to guide it, there is a direction and goal, and there is a direction and goal, and it is not to act in vain. In this way, they complement each other in order to achieve the path of sages. This is also the second. ”

Gu Jiang listened, put away the folding fan, and said to the ground: "The ancients said: 'Hearing your words is better than reading a book for ten years.'" That's true. Mr.'s words made Gu Jiangmao pause. Today, I can hear Mr. Gao's talk, how fortunate it is, how fortunate it is! ”

Unlike Gu Jiang, who was excited, Fang Yizhi listened to Zheng Sen's words, although he was very appreciative, he also remained calm. He thought for a while and said, "Fang Da Mu said, 'This is the second', could it be that there is a third?" ”

At this time, their discussion had attracted the attention of more people, and Zheng Sen began to gather a lot of scholars around him. A lot of people are asking each other who this little kid who looks like he is.

Zheng Sen said: "What Mr. Fang said is that there are indeed three more. ”

"I want to hear about it." Fang Yizhi said.

"Mr. Fang, where does the knowledge and wisdom of the saints come from?" Zheng Sen didn't say it directly, but asked such a sentence first.

If this question is thrown to the legitimate Lori Li Xiangjun, it is estimated that Li Xiangjun really can't answer it, because although she has read some books, the purpose of her reading is to learn some elegant literary and artistic styles, not to deal with such problems. However, this question is not too difficult for an authentic Confucian student like Fang Yizhi. Therefore, Fang thought about it and made this answer:

"Part of the knowledge and wisdom of the saints comes from the sanctuary, and part from God."

The so-called "passing on to the sanctuary" refers to the inheritance of the knowledge of the ancestors, taking Confucius as an example, Confucius Shi Tanzi, Chang Hong, Shi Xiang, and Lao Dan. After learning a lot of knowledge accumulated over three generations from them, the Master claimed to "never tire of learning" and learned from his predecessors, which was naturally one of the sources of knowledge and wisdom of the sages.

As for the gift, the general understanding is that it is born with the gift of knowing.

Zheng Sen nodded with a smile and said, "Mr. Fang said it well, the knowledge and wisdom of the saint really come from these two aspects. If you do the first two points, you can barely inherit the knowledge of the ancestors, but if you want to become a saint, you still have to have God's endowment. Therefore, this third article is God's grant. ”

Hearing this, Fang Yizhi was unconsciously a little disappointed, because unlike the previous two, the first two were relatively practical, while the Heavenly Endowment was ethereal. Besides, how can a person's talent be changed? So it seems that there is no difference between saying it and not saying it. However, considering that Zheng Sen is only fourteen years old, it is already surprising that he can have such an opinion.

Zheng Sen seemed to see the disappointment of Fang Yizhi and the others, so he smiled and said, "Does Mr. Mizhi think that Heavenly Grant can learn?" ”

"How can I learn it?" Fang Yizhi asked in surprise, "Could it be that Da Mu actually has a way to learn God's bestow?" ”

Zheng Sen smiled and said, "Yes! ”

As soon as these words came out, almost all the scholars in the audience stared at Zheng Sen - what this person said earlier was still very reasonable and organized, how did he start talking crazy here? Where can you learn this God-granted qualification?

"Cao Jiao asked: 'Everyone can be Yao Shun, there are all of them?' Mencius. Is Mencius lying about it? Is there a deceitful Mencius? Zheng Sen said, "So I think that the Heavenly Grant will definitely be available." Mr. Mizhi, I don't know what is God-granted, I may give an example. ”

Fang Yizhi thought for a moment and replied, "The master was born to know it, and this is called God's gift. Does Oki think so? ”

"How did the Master ever say that he was born to know?" Zheng Sen didn't answer, but asked again.

"This? This...... The Master said, 'I am not born to know,' but this is just the Master's humility. Fang Yizhi replied.

"No, when the disciple of the Master sees that the Master is 'looking up to the high, drilling is strong, looking ahead and looking at the back', he feels that he is incapable of it, and he has inherent doubts about it. However, the disciple of the master is Yan Zi, who is easy to learn, can he pass the master? If you think about it deeply, can you pass the master? The difference between a disciple of a master and a disciple of a master is not in wisdom, but in virtue. This is also what Mencius said, and Mount Tai is different from breaking branches for the elderly. Zheng Sen replied.

This seems to make sense. It's just that in this way, what does Xiaoyou mean by God's endowment? A dark-skinned, slightly chubby, slightly gray-haired man asked.

"I wonder what this gentleman is called?" Zheng Sen asked.

"A certain Guiyang Ma Shiying." The man replied.

"It turned out to be Mr. Ma." Zheng Sen nodded.

The "big traitor" Ma Shiying was actually quite friendly with the Donglin Restoration Society, and could even be regarded as half of Donglin. In the fifth year of Chongzhen, Ma Shiying served as the imperial history of the right capital and the governor of Xuanfu. In January, he took thousands of gold from public funds, gave them to the nobles, and sent them to the eunuch Wang Kun. However, this is the practice of officialdom, so at that time, there were quite a few people from the Donglin Fushe Group who wrote to call this a eunuch party framing Zhongliang. Ma Shiying's demotion is regarded as a manifestation of Wen Tiren's exclusion of the Donglin gentleman. Ma Shiying, who lived in Nanjing at the time, was a member of the Restoration Society and the brother-in-law of the painter Yang Longyou, so Ma Shiying, who had nothing to do, also came to the rally.

Zheng Sen knew that Ma Shiying was able to return to the official because of Ruan Dacheng's recommendation. Zhang Pu operated Zhou Yanru to restore the throne and took 15,000 taels of silver from Ruan Dacheng. After the matter was completed, Ruan Dacheng found Zhang Pu and said that I had paid for Donglin, can you give me an official position? Zhang Pu said, your reputation is too bad, so the matter of being an official will be considered, but it will not let you pay for nothing, you see who is pleasing to the eye, as long as it is not the person in the reverse case, you say that whoever is reinstated is who you say. Ruan Dacheng thought about it, it seemed that Ma Shiying was still willing to associate with him in Nanjing, and as far as he observed, Ma Shiying was super righteous. So in the end, he gave this indicator to Ma Shiying. Ma Shiying was able to become an official again.

Ma Shiying is indeed a very righteous person, as Ruan Dacheng observed. Later, after Zhang Pu died, because he was either worried about offending Shoufu, or dissatisfied with Zhang Pu's always too strong style, or busy discussing with Zhou Yanru what official position he could get, as a result, when Zhang Pu was alive, although he was famous all over the world, and the people who followed his ass to beat him around, but when he died, there was no one to help him manage the affairs after his death. Only Ma Shiying felt that if there was no Zhang Pu, he would have no chance to recover, so he asked for leave, drove thousands of miles, ran for a month, and arranged a funeral for Zhang Pu.

For Zhang Pu, who is separated by one floor, Ma Shiying is so righteous, so for Ruan Dacheng, who promoted him, Ma Shiying has always regarded him as a benefactor. Later, Ma Shiying became the first assistant, and Ruan Dacheng begged Ma Shiying for revenge. Although Ma Shiying knew that the Donglin Party was extremely opposed to this, and although he knew that this might make the Donglin Restoration Society completely break with him, the simple Ma Shiying decided one thing: "There is a favor to be repaid." "As a result, Ruan Dacheng was reinstated. Although this approach is extremely irrational politically, Zheng Sen feels that Ma Shiying is a real person worth associating.

"Maybe I should ask Zhang Pu for a place to get back up and give Ma Shiying, right?" Looking at Ma Shiying, Zheng Sen couldn't help but think like this.

"Senior Ma, the learning of the master originated from Zhou Gong, where did Zhou Gong's learning come from?" Zheng Sen asked.

"Zi said: 'In view of the second generation of Zhou, he is depressed.' Zhou Gongzhi's learning should be in view of the second generation. Ma Shiying replied.

"Such a business must be in view of Xia, and Xia Bi in view of Shun, Shun in view of Yao, and thus as for Emperor Xi." Zheng Sen said, "Emperor Xi saw the wind and thunder in heaven and earth, and the water and volcanoes, and made gossip. This is the Heavenly Grant of the Xi Emperor, the heaven and the earth wind and thunder, the water volcano Ze is shown to the Xi Emperor, the Xi Emperor has to be taught, and become a holy king, which is both the Heavenly Grant. Others, such as the Chao's bird's nest and God's gift, the Suiren's bird-watching and wood-pecking and God's observation of plants and trees. This is the source of God's gift. "University" said: Enlightenment is in Gewu. Who is the one who is looking for things? Look at the heavens and the earth and get the gift of heaven! ”