Section 270 The quagmire of the Anglo-Burmese War

China's Great Zhou Dynasty had been working hard to strengthen the traditional suzerainty system, establishing closer relations with Vietnam, Korea, and the Ryukyus, and was less binding than the Western suzerainty and vassal states, but stronger than the traditional suzerainty and vassal system.

Taking the suzerainty system between China and Korea as an example, China has the right to directly send troops into Korean territory if necessary, without the prior consent of the Korean king, and the two sides carry out comprehensive trade without the need to collect import and export duties. These are all powers acquired through negotiations, confirmed by the situation of the alliance.

China also provided protection to the countries, and the rights of the kings were guaranteed, so China canceled the permanent envoys sent to Korea, which Korea had always strived for, because no matter who was sent, North Korea felt that it was difficult to serve. Ryukyu is even more problematic, this small country does not even have the ability to protect itself, after the Great Zhou Dynasty helped them expel the power of the Japanese Satsuma Domain in a deterrent way, it has even been stationed here with a small fleet to protect them from infringement, and Ryukyu provides the food of the fleet, which is considered to share part of the military expenses. In Vietnam, it was similar to Korea, but the Vietnamese king received a private guarantee that the Great Zhou army would not enter Vietnam if there was no rebellion in Vietnam and no rebellion in Vietnam.

Siam also established closer relations with China, although it did not agree to the Chinese army, but abolished tariffs, because the Siamese king's income was not from tariffs, but directly monopolized trade profits, and the absence of Siamese tariffs stimulated the scale of trade, but made them more profitable.

Only two countries have regressed in their relations, one is Japan and the other is Myanmar.

Japan is because of China's request to open trade, very vigilant about this, and the conflict between the two sides is getting bigger and bigger, Japan's restrictions on trade, resulting in the Chinese merchant group began to smuggle, the Japanese shogunate did not have a strong control over the various daimyos, so some coastal princes began to smuggle trade with the Chinese merchant group, mainly the southwest Zhufan, Satsuma, Choshu, Feitian and other Tibetan valves.

The scale of formal trade stipulated by Japan is only 5 million taels, but now the scale of smuggling trade has exceeded the regular trade, Japan's gold and silver have been lost in large quantities, Chinese goods have flooded the Japanese market, and the Japanese handicraft industry has been hit hard, and the Japanese do not understand the economic laws, but they also find that the common people are becoming more and more embarrassed, and the crackdown on smuggling is getting stronger and stronger, and the conflict with the local lords is getting bigger and bigger, and at the same time the conflict with China is also getting bigger and bigger, and even because of the punishment of Chinese businessmen, it has caused a confrontation between the two countries. In the end, it ended with the unconditional release of Chinese businessmen by Japan.

Myanmar is mainly a political problem, historically, Myanmar and the Manchu Qing fought a Qing-Burma war, to be honest, Myanmar is a small country, and the Qing army in the Qianlong period is on par, it is a very long-faced thing. But in the end, he did not have enough confidence and paid tribute to the Manchus.

Now that the Manchus have fallen, and a much more powerful Great Zhou has emerged, the other side has also demanded a return to traditional relations, saying that the ministers of Nagong Burma do not care, which is the way for small countries to survive, but they have shown a strong distrust of China's demand to strengthen this relationship.

Whether it's the movement of people, or trade tariffs, or military cooperation, they are very resistant. Neither want to be exempt from tariffs nor want Chinese to enter and leave Myanmar at will, let alone the Chinese army.

Therefore, the two countries have not reached an agreement, and the envoys have been in close contact, but they have not been able to reach an agreement.

This gave Britain the opportunity to do nothing once China and Burma confirmed their vassal relationship. And once China has established its suzerainty over Burma, then they can openly use Burma as a channel to threaten British India, threatening India from the north, west and east, and they are most worried about the geographical characteristics of Burma, which faces the Indian Ocean and Bangladesh, the core of British control.

As soon as China stationed a fleet on the coast of Burma, British merchant ships entering and leaving the Ganges River valley had to face the situation of being controlled by the Chinese fleet.

So the British decided to do it to Burma before China completed its soft conquest of Burma, of course, it is best not to do it, they talked to Burma before, hoping that Burma would accept the protection of the East India Company, but the Burmese refused, they even dared to refuse China, let alone India.

The British declared war on Burma under the pretext of taking advantage of the frequent clashes on the border with the Bengal region of the British East India Company in Arakan (roughly the later state of Rakhine was annexed to Burma in 1785).

At this time, Burma was ruled by King Mon Yun, and it was the most powerful time.

Meng Yun built water conservancy projects in Myanmar, and agriculture developed further. Pay more attention to learning from the outside, Myanmar is an Indian cultural country, he sent students to India to study and study medicine and various sciences, Myanmar's culture has also developed, in short, this is the golden age of the Gongbang Dynasty.

But backwardness is backwardness, Genghis Khan's era of Khorezm had 400,000 troops, dared to wage war with the Caliph of the Alaber Empire at that time, and also looked down on the Mongols, but when the Mongols came, they said that they would be destroyed.

So Burma certainly couldn't beat the British, but they performed much better than the Manchus, who caused 15,000 casualties to the British in history, which is not comparable to the single-digit casualties of the Manchus.

Now the result is even more difficult to say, because after the outbreak of the war, the Burmese envoys immediately asked China for help, and the Great Zhou Dynasty immediately promised to aid Burma, but said that it could not participate in the war, because Burma was not a subject country of China, China had no reason to participate in the war, and it was too late for the Burmese to urgently agree to be willing to call it.

The Burmese promised to fully open up trade, and a large amount of military supplies immediately entered Burma from the Ruili River in the upper reaches of the Irrawaddy River, including 100,000 rifles, 300 cannons of various calibers, and a number of training personnel.

Britain waged the war in the name of the East India Company, and China supported Burma against him, and the war smacked of proxy warfare, in which the winner and the loser would determine who would rise or fall in the region.

Moreover, both sides have the strength to fight, the East India Company has fought three Marat and Mysore wars, trained a large number of Bengali and Indian native soldiers, and the leader is still the governor who participated in the American Revolutionary War, and has rich military experience. Burma is in the best period in its history, and I dare not say anything else, the stability and cohesion of the regime are relatively strong, and if we can't beat Britain now, there will be no chance in the future.

However, at this time, China and Britain have expressed their silence on the war at the same time, and seem to be waiting for the outcome of the war.

In order to obtain assistance from China, Myanmar promised to cooperate in all economic fields, including the immediate opening of its markets, and whether to maintain military cooperation was considered after the war.

China promised that as long as they went to war with the British, China would provide all the military supplies, and of course China would send people to monitor the whereabouts of these goods, and the Burmese would take them and resell them.

The Burmese people have paid a lot of money, and as for whether it is worth it, it is up to them to think it is up to them. China has also paid a lot, and whether it is worth it depends on what it thinks.

Anyway, Zhou Lang felt that as long as the British were killed, then those supplies were not in vain. After the end of the war with Russia, the surplus materials of a million army, enough for the Burmese to fight the British for ten years, are also wasted in warehouses, and it is estimated that they will not be used much, and they will become obsolete in the rapid technological innovation of the industrial revolution, so it is better to give them to Burma in vain.

The Burmese were also considered to be competitive, and soon gave the British color.

The two sides were the first to engage in the Assam and Brahmaputra valleys. Although a British force seized several settlements, it was unable to capture the Burmese forts. Before the rainy season came, they had to retreat. The Burmese crossed the Naaf River, routed the British at the border with Bengal, and invaded Bengal. It caused panic in Kolkata and Dhaka.

However, soon the British took advantage of their naval superiority and attacked Rangoon in Burma, and the Burmese were caught off guard and immediately returned to the army north of Rangoon to block the British army.

At this time, Meng Yun began to hesitate, because the British proposed peace conditions, which were basically similar to China's demands, nothing more than opening up trade, but asked Burma to give up its intervention in the three kingdoms of Assam, Qachar and Dezajndi, these three kingdoms are located on the border between Burma and Bengal, subject to Burma, but like all small countries, they are sandwiched between powerful countries and have to pay tribute to everyone, and the British also consider sovereignty over these three small countries.

The British also demanded that Burma promise not to provide China with any ports facing Bangladesh, an unequivocal rejection of China that could provoke retaliation from China, and Meng Yun weighed the pros and cons and considered China to be more terrible and less offended.

He sent envoys to confirm with China that as long as they were still at war with Britain, China would support the promise to the end, and immediately set up a new army, as long as they could pull people up, weapons and food would be sent by China through Yunnan, and there was nothing that could not be fought in such a war. When a dynasty is flourishing, the most important sign is that it has the strongest organizational ability, and if it can't even organize people, dare it be said to be a prosperous era?

Soon the Burmese raised a 50,000-strong army and began a counterattack on Rangoon, where the two sides engaged in a tug-of-war.

In terms of diplomacy, the British are very good at it, but they found that their diplomatic means in this region are not good, they co-opted Siamese to attack Burma together, because the two countries are feuding in history, but Siam did not agree, China's support for Myanmar is all-round, including diplomacy, to relieve all the worries of the Burmese, as long as they concentrate on killing the British, of course, it is likely that they will not be able to kill a few British, can only fight with the Indians.

Humid, scorching heat, rainy season, jungle, these British people are the most unsuitable for the climate, is the biggest killer, what is more terrible is that the British enemy in this environment like a fish in water, the deeper into the hinterland, the greater the difficulties encountered by the British, but the Burmese king resolutely refused to give in any field, so that they were like transferred into a quagmire, unable to find the direction to shore.

At the same time, the Chinese started a different operation, and they miraculously gained friendship between the Bourbons and Napoleon, a pair of mortal enemies, and obtained a steady stream of talent support from France. China's modernization process has accelerated.