Section 305 The Dark Side of Chinese Civilization (1)
The war was fought for four years, from 1821 to 1825.
In the past four years, the energy of European countries, mainly Britain, has been restrained, and China has been given a good opportunity for overseas expansion.
In South America, the Chinese have become the dominant race in Montevideo, developing the entire Uruguay River basin and even infiltrating Brazil. From the Río de la Plata River to the Paraguay and Paraná river basins, hundreds of large colonial strongholds have been created.
The white power of the Paraguay Basin is weak, mainly the Indians control it, but the Indians are also an alien group, because the local Indians are a group of people who have absorbed the white production technology and migrated here from the plateau mountains of the Inca Empire.
Paraguay and Uruguay became two large colonies with a population of nearly one million, even more than the colony of La Plata (Argentina), which was once again colonized by Spain.
Spain needed to rely on China to maintain its rule here, and the Portuguese forces in Brazil did not dare to offend the Chinese at this time, because under the influence of the independence of the Spanish colonies, there was also an independent revolution in Brazil, and unlike the Spanish colonies, the Portuguese government without the influence of the Napoleonic Wars had the ability to suppress the revolution. However, after the suppression of the revolution, the anti-royal rule in Brazil was very strong, making Brazilian rule very unstable. At this time, Portugal was still occupied by the British, and the Portuguese royal family had nothing to go to, so how dare they offend China.
After Portugal expelled the British occupation forces and the puppet government and welcomed back the King of Portugal, João VI happily signed the constitution handed to him by Parliament, and Portugal became a constitutional monarchy. Then, in September 1821, the Portuguese Parliament voted to abolish the title of the Kingdom of Brazil, abolish all the royal offices in Rio de Janeiro, and declare the Brazilian provinces under the jurisdiction of Lisbon.
It was tantamount to relegating Brazil, which had greatly improved its status during the Oasis War, to a Portuguese colony, and as a result, the confrontation between the local Brazilian forces and the Portuguese forces was provoked, and the Portuguese government sent troops to Brazil to suppress it, and put the Brazilian armed forces under the control of the Portuguese army in order to strengthen its control over Brazil. As a result, in Pernambuco, Bahia and other places, armed clashes broke out between the Portuguese army and local militants.
In January 1822, Parliament demanded that Prince Pedro, who had been stranded in Brazil, return to Lisbon immediately, but Pedro refused and declared that he would remain in Brazil, and soon established a new government headed by José Bonifacio de Andrada, and demanded that the Portuguese garrison withdraw from Brazil.
The Portuguese prince personally led Brazil's independence, proclaimed the establishment of the Brazilian Empire, and as the Portuguese prince, ordered the Portuguese government agencies in Brazil to withdraw, and refused to allow the troops sent by Portugal to enter the port. British and French officers were hired to form the Imperial Brazilian Army, which took a year to expel the Portuguese army.
In 1824, Britain mediated the dispute between Portugal and Brazil, and in 1825, an agreement was reached between the two countries, under which Britain and Portugal recognized Brazil's independence.
So in the past few years, Brazil has not been idle, tossing enough.
China, on the other hand, has stepped up the immigration of one million people in this area, making it an ethnic group that cannot be ignored.
In North America, stimulated by the gold rush, the California Delta has become a densely populated area with a population of more than 3 million, with a population of more than 8 million people in the whole of North America, forming two large cities with a population of more than 100,000 in San Francisco and Camp Twin Rivers (Portland), and as many as 10 cities with a population of more than 10,000. Several new ports were also opened, including the establishment of a port base on Vancouver Island and the Great Estuary on the opposite bank, inheriting the Russian bases in Alaska and the Aliushen Islands. The population of North America is still growing, with more than 500,000 immigrants and more than 400,000 new births every year.
Moreover, with a population of 8 million and the support of high value-added industries such as gold mining, the per capita income here is very high, and a huge overseas market has been formed.
Under the development of Chinese landlords, the Philippines already has a population of 5 million, of which more than 3 million are Chinese, mainly in the plantation economy, and the big landowners are all over the country, but the main development is Luzon, Mindanao and Sulu Islands in the south, and it is the local Muslim power.
The immigrants in the Nanyang region are similar to those in the Philippines, they are all traditional Chinese immigration areas, and the Chinese in Borneo are distributed in the coastal and large river basins, which also suppresses the indigenous population of the locality, and the population of Borneo has increased to more than three million. There are not many Australian immigrants who are divided into a ruling area with Nanyang, and they have only increased to 2 million, which is very slow compared to such a large area. The main reason is that only the east coast of Australia is suitable for agriculture, and the soil here is far less fertile than that of North America, and the vast inland desert area hinders development, and gold has not yet been discovered, so the incentive to migrate is low. But the population has grown much faster than in the history of British rule.
On the contrary, immigration in southern Africa has increased rapidly in recent years, and the exile of prisoners through African companies is no longer the main way of immigration, and a large number of immigrants are spontaneously defecting to their friends. Slavery is indeed a great oppression to human nature, but it is a great stimulus to slave owners. The coating system in South Africa is a form of slavery. The economy was dominated by gold mining and slave plantations, and the slave-owning class was mainly Chinese, with blacks accounting for less than one-third. A large number of Chinese slave owners were willing to bring their relatives in China to enjoy the blessings, and even helped them to open up plantations.
As the king of South Africa, Su Chonga welcomed this kind of immigration very much, although his country was dominated by slavery, but he hoped to introduce more free immigrants, the Chinese were the best ethnic group, obedient, easy to rule, and could bring him all kinds of handicrafts, greatly enhancing his national strength.
Now that the kingdom of South Africa has expanded into the Congo River valley with a total population of more than 10 million people, the black tribal leaders have always been disobedient, and Su Chonga needs the population from his homeland to fill the superstructure. He even granted emigrants a great deal of privileges, giving each family ten state slaves and giving them the best land in the occupied territories to run.
Su Chong'a has no shortage of slaves, he himself is the largest slave owner, as the population increases to more than 10 million, the number of slaves under his command exceeds 3 million, because any slave team needs to pay him one-third of the slave tax, he only needs people, no money.
Su Chong'a's army was also composed of slaves, a large number of black slaves born from primitive tribes, and fought extremely bravely, but Su Chong'a needed more officers who could be trusted to manage them, he only believed in his own people, the Manchus were the best, the Mongols were secondary, and the Han people could accept it.
Therefore, as long as the immigrants came, they gave all kinds of preferential treatment, gave livestock, gave land, and returned slaves, this kind of policy attracted a large number of Chinese immigrants in recent years, and a Chinese immigrant class with a population of two million appeared under his rule, these people, except for a few industrial and commercial classes, all became slave plantation owners, they claimed to be farming and reading heirlooms, provided Su Chong'a with a lot of human resources, and served as officials at all levels of the Kingdom of South Africa, as well as officers at all levels of the army.
Su Chong'a thinks that this kind of policy of attracting immigrants is very necessary, because immigrants have definitely brought him more than he gives. When he first arrived in South Africa, it was only a backward slave plantation area, and his father Delentai tried his best to develop a small scale of grain cultivation and cattle and sheep husbandry. But Su Chong'a only attracted immigrants and didn't have to worry about anything, and the immigrants themselves developed dozens of cash crops such as cotton planting, sugarcane planting, tobacco, and indigo. Even expanding northward, Su Chong'a did not cost anything. The slave brigades spontaneously infiltrated northward, they took the lead, and then Su Chong'a sent his troops and officials to take over the place.
The country is developing rapidly, but Su Chong'a doesn't have to bother with it, so he said to his courtiers quite proudly, he is called ruling by inaction.
Through this inaction, Suchonga expanded north to the Congo River in West Africa and north to the Somali Peninsula in East Africa.
The slave black empire controlled by Su Chonga had already begun to clash with the Sultanate of Zanzibar, which controlled the East African coasts of Zanzibar and Mombasa, and the oppressive Muslim empire was shrinking and had to pay tribute to him. It can be said that Su Chong'a's empire can hardly find opponents in Africa, but he still does not dare to offend China, and even the two Chinese concessionaires, the African company and the European company, are not willing to offend.
First, the technical work of exploring rivers and mineral deposits was carried out by African companies, and the expansion of the Suchonga empire relied on these scientific explorations; Second, his empire was very dependent on the trade of African companies, and almost all of his exports were controlled by this company, and most of his imports were brought by this company.
Moreover, these two companies are even willing to provide Su Chong'a with those important weapons that can make him live in peace, and the sale of arms is only a pediatric, and both companies are willing to provide him with complete sets of technology and equipment for the production of arms. The European company helped him hire technical experts from Europe to smelt steel and produce rifles and artillery, the African company hired the same technical adviser from China, and Su Chong'a himself was very careful to invite white consultants from the British in the Cape colony.
Therefore, Su Chonga was very authoritarian in the Kingdom of South Africa, but he was willing to treat the governors of African companies and European companies as equals, and sat on an equal footing with the governors of both companies.
As for the fear of China behind the two companies, of course, there are also them, but now Su Chong'a has hundreds of thousands of troops, and he actually does not feel the threat to China deeply. But with Su Chong'a's slave empire is the same origin of another Eight Banners Empire, the feeling is completely different, from Jiaqing to Daoguang, they have always been full of deep fear of China, always want to stay away from this huge Central Plains Empire, they all the way into Central Asia, occupied the old land of Kokand, annexed the Bukhara Khanate, exterminated the Afghan tribes, and in recent years, there has been a fierce war with the Persian Kingdom for hegemony!
And they won the war.
After the annexation of the ancient empire of Persia, Daoguang's Great Qing Kingdom not only gained access to the sea, but finally no longer strongly felt the oppression from the Central Plains Empire, and at the same time, inadvertently, their power has bordered the Ottoman Empire.