The conflict between the Manchu forces of the Eight Banners and the Kingdom of Persia lasted for many years, but it had been withheld before, because Daoguang was not a strong monarch, he was more able to tolerate provocations, and his character was also easy to be soft, and it was under his rule that Afghanistan, which was annexed at the time of Jiaqing, was fully digested.

At that time, Jiaqing did not make much effort to conquer the Afghan region, but the subsequent rule encountered great troubles, and before Jiaqing could solve these troubles, he went to see Nurhachi and left all the troubles to Daoguang.

Daoguang did not blame Jiaqing, on the contrary, Jiaqing was able to keep a seed for the Manchus, which is worthy of eternal gratitude to future generations. And Jiaqing really did not solve the trouble, and left a whole set of solutions to the trouble. There can be no mistake in following the way the Bukhara Khanate was resolved.

From Kangxi to Qianlong, the Manchu rule over the steppe peoples can be said to be the most successful in human history, and there is no one!

The Central Plains Dynasty made attempts to manage the grassland peoples for thousands of years, and sometimes even paid a heavy price for the country, such as the Western Jin Dynasty, which allowed the grassland tribes to move to the south of the Great Wall to settle down, resulting in the tragedy of the Wuhu Rebellion; The Li Shimin family, which has Xianbei blood, accepted the grassland people with an open mind and won the title of Tian Khan, and a large number of troops were in the hands of the Hu people, which led to the Anshi Rebellion.

After the Song Dynasty, the Central Plains Dynasty began to have a serious distrust of the northern nomadic forces, and the truth that the hearts of those who are not of our race must be different are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. The attitude of the Ming Dynasty towards the grasslands has always been to suppress and attack. This situation only began to change after the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the customs.

The Manchu Qing Dynasty also gave preferential treatment to the grassland peoples, but they were not naïve enough to allow herdsmen to enter the Great Wall like the Western Jin Dynasty, nor did they boldly use foreign generals like the Tang Empire.

What the Manchus gained was a tightly controlled steppe and a stable frontier.

The mature experience they have accumulated has been very systematic by the Jiaqing period. Therefore, during the Jiaqing period, despite the loss of Beijing, he was still able to control the grassland. Later, when he went to Ili, he applied this set to the nomadic peoples of Central Asia.

Jiaqing successively subdued the Hui of Ili, the Kokand Khanate, and the Bukharans in this way. But before he could subdue the unruly Afghans, Jiaqing died.

Unlike the Bukharans, Afghanistan has a more complex ethnic composition and a more diverse cultural system. It was easy to incorporate the Mongols, who were also nomads, into the Eight Banners, but they had problems in the Hui Department, and even more so in Afghanistan. He needed to unify a large number of peoples who spoke different languages and lived different lives under one system, which was not done by the British Empire in history, not by the Soviet Empire, and then by the Americans, and in this imperial graveyard, the Eight Banners Empire was also in trouble.

Due to the large number of tribes in Afghanistan, a large number of surrendered tribes followed the style of the Outer Mongols, and the tribal leaders continued to rule the tribes, and Jiaqing demarcated nomadic areas for them to prevent conflicts. However, as soon as Jiaqing died, a large number of self-respecting tribes appeared, they did not obey Daoguang's management, and were nomadic at will, and the large tribes wantonly encroached on the pastures and even cattle and sheep of the weak tribes, and even people would rob them.

This greatly affected the stability of the Eight Banners Empire. Daoguang is a man who can restrain his desires, and as in history, he can compress the palace in tattered clothes and start to improve the financial situation. But it is difficult for him to tolerate the hollowing out of his empire, just as he cannot tolerate the opium trade, he cannot tolerate the tribal annexation of Afghanistan, and over time there will definitely be large tribes that can fight against the center, as exemplified by the Dzungar tribe, which repeatedly rebelled in the Kangqian Dynasty.

The solution to the Dzungar Ministry is also ready-made, it is nothing more than killing. After Qianlong finally killed all the men who were taller than the wheels of the Jungar Mongols according to the grassland law, this tribe was completely educated.

Daoguang, who seems to be weak now, is also not soft when he sacrifices the butcher's knife. He sent the brave or inferior, but more organized, Eight Banners Army, united with the obedient small tribes, attacked the big tribes that were domineering, slaughtered their adult men, and directly transferred the remaining children's wealth to the Inner Mongolian form, and sent officials to manage it; It took Daoguang three years to complete his second conquest of Afghanistan.

The political landscape of Afghanistan has changed completely, and the most powerful tribes have almost disappeared, and the population and pastures have either become the people of the Eight Banners directly under the central government, or have merged into other small and medium-sized tribes. These small tribes settled within the Eight Banners Empire in the form of foreign feudal Mongols, and could no longer make big waves.

Picking it up, the Afghans killed by Daoguang may not be as many as the Mongols, and not as many as the Persians, but killing people is methodical, and Daoguang is the most correct.

After three years of stabilizing Afghanistan, Daoguang began to focus on the conflict with the Persian kingdom.

The biggest conflict took place over Herat, a major transportation artery in Afghanistan, and west of Herat was the Khorasan region in the northwestern part of the Persian Empire, the core of Persia. To the east of Herat is the hinterland of Afghanistan.

It can be said that Herat is the mountain customs of Afghanistan, who controls here, has the strategic advantage of the other party, the Persians control here, can easily enter Afghanistan, all the Persian conquests of Afghanistan, are from here. In the same way, Afghanistan's conquest of Persia was also attacked from here.

Like Afghanistan, the Persian kingdom has declined, but its overall power is still stronger than Afghanistan's. However, Herat was mostly in the hands of the Afghan tribes, and after Jiaqing surrendered Afghanistan, he also controlled it. But the Persians have not stopped fighting, and Daoguang can no longer bear it.

So, after completely stabilizing Afghanistan, he decided to fight back strongly against Persia.

Speaking of which, Persia is really a tiger falling into Pingyang, as one of the most ancient and powerful empires in human history, it has expanded to Asia, Africa and Europe, Greece and Egypt have to submit to her a large empire, but under the blow of the Alaber Empire, it has completely lost the possibility of glory and repeating glory.

When Darius was in Central Asia, the Persian Empire was larger than the Xia Shang slave empire in China at the same time, and some people estimated that the population of the Persian Empire at that time was as high as 18 million people according to the number of temples in the Persian Empire at that time, comparing the number of temples and population in Egypt.

The Persian Empire was a huge empire at the time, counting only the population of the Iranian plateau, which reached 4 million in the 7th century BC, but the population barely increased for the next 2,000 years, and did not grow until the 17th century to 5 million.

The reason for the long-term stagnation of the population is not that the carrying capacity of the land has reached its limit, and the population is saturated like that of Japan. Instead, Persia has never been able to establish a long-term stable and powerful dynasty like China, and every time Persia rises and falls, it is always short-lived. Even a long-standing dynasty could not stop the invasion and raiding of the surrounding nomads.

The Alabars, Turks, and Mongols repeatedly invaded and established their rule here. Among them, the Mongols even conquered Persia at the hands of Genghis Khan's grandson Hulegu, and ruled Persia under the Ilkhanate he established for a hundred years; After the Mongols, the Mongolized Turkic power Timur Empire ruled Persia for more than twenty years; Then came the Black Sheep Dynasty and the White Aries Dynasty, which were established by the Turkmens for just over thirty years; This was followed by the relatively stable Safavid dynasty from 1502 to 1722, founded by Turkmans and Azerbaijanis; During the Safavid Dynasty, there was a long war with the Ottoman Empire, which was strong for a while, and was finally destroyed by the Pashtun tribes from Afghanistan.

Nadir, the leader of the Turkic tribes in the Khorasan region, led an army to expel the Afshars from Persia and established the Afshar dynasty. This dynasty was divided for a long time, and finally unified under the Qajar dynasty, which has been passed down to this day.

In the last 1,000 years of history, the Persians have always repeated this kind of foreign invasion, establishing a regime, and then the foreign invasion again, replacing the foreign power and establishing a new foreign regime, and the Persians have always been in a dominant position.

This was due not only to the fact that Persia was geographically difficult to defend against invasions of Central Asian peoples, but also to the lack of cohesion of the native peoples, who in turn lost their roots.

In the drama of the conquest of the Arabs, the Turks and the Mongols, if you want to say which enemy hit Persia the hardest, it should be the Arabs, the Arabs brought not only military conquests, not only a different system, but also a different set of cultures, with the religion of the Arabs instead of the Persian Empire handed down the Yuanjiao, that is, the Ming religion in the Persian Empire.

Losing their native religious beliefs is tantamount to cutting off the roots of culture, and after being cut off by the Arabo Empire, the Persians no longer have the core to unite into a unique and great nation.

Now they have even fallen to the point of being struck by the slavery system of the Eight Banners originating in the Tunguska region, and in the face of such blows, they are not even able to fight back.

The reason for this is related to the unpopularity of this dynasty, under which the Persian population even experienced a significant decline.

The founder of the Qajar dynasty was called Aga Muhammad, and the way he founded the kingdom was the same as any hero of the steppe, full of sadness and suffering, but the difference was that he was also a eunuch!