From Alaska in the north to Bolivia in the south, a certain scale of reclamation has been established. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info

In these two countries, Indians account for the majority, Peru has more than 60 percent, Bolivia is up to 80 percent Indians, and the power of the state is held by whites and mixed-race people, the concept of land is relatively weak, the key is that the government is very corrupt, and the government power is in the hands of a very small number of warlords.

In such a country, as long as you are willing to spend money, you can buy land cheaply, and in history, the Japanese later cultivated this place, which is the kind of routine used, and even later the descendants of the Japanese were able to become presidents here, which shows the weakness of the national concept here.

In addition to cooperating with local plantation owners to provide them with labor, miners to mine owners, and road construction workers to capitalists, the labor companies focused their greatest efforts on clearing wasteland.

Millions of acres of farmland have been cultivated in northwestern Peru to grow rice, vegetables and fruits, which are not only supplied to the local market, but also exported in large quantities, but the price of food is low and the freight is expensive, and it is rarely imported from here except during famines.

On the western shore of Lake Titicaca and on both sides of the river in Bolivia, more than 100,000 acres of farmland have been cultivated, 30,000 people have been settled, and more than a dozen reclamation areas have been established.

There are also some settlements on the other side of the Americas, but they are not large, and the key point is that there is not much interest from labor companies.

As for Cuba, there are also some Chinese, most of whom came as laborers and then settled down.

In fact, the focus of labor companies is still North America.

The number of Chinese in the California Delta region of the United States has reached 280,000, and in addition to the 150,000 direct immigrants, the remaining 130,000 are second-generation Chinese immigrants born there.

All of these Chinese lived in the delta, along the coastal lands carved out by the rivers. In the earliest days, there were four families as one settlement, and then four hundred acres of land were set aside on all sides, and each family was one hundred acres. But it was impossible for them to finish planting, so they called friends and brought in many relatives, so the small settlement of the four families became a village of clan relations.

Between several villages, labor companies set aside land for use as town land. The financial balance of labor companies depends on the development of these commercial lands. To put it simply, because there are no people in the Americas, the land is cheap, and when the Chinese come, there are people on the land, and the value will increase. This is how labor companies make money, and of course they get their income, and most of them invest in construction, building schools, pharmacies and other public buildings in the town. At the same time, the Americans could not let it go, and the California government went deep into the Chinese residential area, set up a post office in the town, sent the police and the mayor, and established the tax office.

Outside the delta region, San Francisco, Sacramento and other cities also have homeless Chinese Chinatowns, these people are complex, some of them are former coolies, unwilling to return to China to stay, all of them are bachelors, and they are not accepted by white Americans, forming urban settlements Chinatowns, labor companies and consulates have tried to manage them many times, but they do not accept the management of the US government or their own government. It is impossible to have no order, so these Chinese gangs are popular, forming a huge network of underground organizations, they sell opium, run casinos and theaters, and have a bad reputation, creating many excuses for the anti-Chinese forces.

Beyond Chinatown is the reclamation of the Nevada Mountains, where conditions are the toughest. The first settlers were a group of poor victims, but it was difficult for them to gain a foothold here, because the Indians in the mountains were not friendly to all foreign powers, whether whites or blacks, or Chinese, they regarded them as enemies who had encroached on their land, and they did not even like the trains, and they blocked the railroad with boulders and caused accidents. The local government treated these Indians with one word, kill.

Later, he gained a foothold in the mountains of Nevada, relying on Li Xiucheng and other remnants of the Taiping Army. The Ming Dynasty rescued 300,000 Taiping soldiers from Tianjing, including a million including their families.

Among them, 300,000 families of young Taiping soldiers were sent to the mountains of Nevada. Li Xiucheng and a group of other officers were also involved in the period, so the immigrants who moved here can be said to be an army of the Taiping Army.

But the labor company warned Mr. Li that they had to live incognito and live as ordinary people.

Li Xiucheng has long been discouraged, he asked to be exiled by himself, so to speak, self-expulsion. He put his two sons and all his belongings in Daming, and he came here alone with his old wife.

The labor company bought them 3,000 rifles, which was suggested by the bastard at Stanford, but Stanford is not stupid, these guns are registered at the local police station, and it is impossible for Stanford not to worry that the local Chinese have too many guns, which will cause unnecessary trouble, so the management of these guns is very strict.

Relying on these weapons, Li Xiucheng and his team successfully defended themselves, and under the leadership of the Hakka officers in the Taiping Army, they built Hakka-style tulou and walled houses, which were fortress-like dwellings, and did not suffer losses in the conflict with the Indians.

The Taiping immigrants in the Sierra Nevada, the agricultural immigrants in the delta area, and the homeless immigrants in Chinatown have made Chinese a large ethnic group in California, accounting for almost half of the 1.5 million people, and at the same time making California's anti-Chinese public opinion extremely strong.

In addition to California, there are also Ming settlements in Oregon and Washington states, which are gradually connected by rail, but the number is much smaller, with a population of less than 100,000, and half of them are laborers who build railroads, and only half are agricultural immigrants.

There are also a lot of Chinese in Canada, not only in Vancouver and other cities have long formed Chinatowns, and the Ming Dynasty has successfully established a large reclamation area along the coast, reclaimed more than 2 million acres of land, second only to California, based on these lands, immigrated 300,000 agricultural immigrants, plus the free Chinese workers in the city, the Chinese in California have made the local government very vigilant, but unfortunately the British government does not intend to protect the interests of Canada, and conflict with the Ming Dynasty, in addition, the relationship between the Ming and the local political group is also very good, Although the whites here are also anti-Chinese, they have not succeeded in introducing laws that are unfavorable to the Chinese.

The reason why Daming was able to carve out so much land in Canada, and how well he could influence local politics, mainly relied on one company, Hudson's Bay Company.

Before Zhu Jinglun went to France to visit the exposition that year, he explained that he had begun to appropriately release the permission for foreigners to open tea gardens in Daming, and this Hudson's Bay Company was one of the foreigner business organizations that were licensed.

The position of this company in Canada is very similar to that of the East India Company in India, and it can be said that the entire Canadian colony was formed in the process of the development of this company.

Before the establishment of the Canadian government, the Hudson's Bay Company ruled Canada, and the colonies could be said to be the strongholds of the Hudson's Bay Company, and government officials were the managers of Hudson's Bay. The Canadian government has only been established for more than a decade.

It was not until 1867 that the British government merged the provinces of Canada, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia into a federation to become the first Dominions of the United Kingdom, allowing them to form their own responsible governments and take care of their own profits and losses.

After the establishment of the Union, it was not until 1871 that New Columbia, a province on the Pacific Coast of Canada, called British Columbia, as the Chinese called it, joined the Union, for which the Union promised to build a Canadian Pacific Railroad to connect British Columbia with the east.

The Canadian government was formed, so what about the Hudson's Bay Company, they handed over the management power to the government, but in fact, many local administrative agencies are still the manager of the Hudson's Bay Company serving as mayor and other positions, and the land near all settlements is still owned by the Hudson's Bay Company, and at its peak, forty percent of Canada's land was the property of this company.

This kind of company is impossible if it has no background, just like the East India Company, behind it, there is still a large group of London, England financiers, new aristocrats, who have great influence in the British Parliament. The influence in Canada is even greater.

But the company has land, but lacks cash, and after they get the concession to open a tea plantation in Daming, they don't want to pay for the money to buy barren mountains from the local government, because they really don't have the habit of spending money to buy land. It just so happened that the Daming Labor Service Company was also buying land in Canada, and the two hit it off to carry out land exchange, and the labor service company gave them one million acres of barren mountains for sale in the Daming Circle, and they handed over two million acres of arable land along the coast of Canada to the labor company.

In recent years, Hudson's Bay Company has become the third largest foreigner company operating tea plantations in China, second only to Jardine Matheson and Thomas Tea Garden, Hudson's Bay Company's tea monopolizes the Canadian market and supplies large quantities to the British market.

Under such circumstances, it was impossible for the financiers and magnates in London to fall out with the Ming Dynasty for this, so the Hudson's Bay Company tried its best to protect the pioneering Chinese in British Columbia, knowing that if these Chinese were driven out of the land, they would also be driven out of the Ming Dynasty.

In addition, Daming also gave Hudson's Bay Company a great benefit, this company used to be mainly engaged in fur in Canada, and now still monopolizes the fur trade in the Northern Territory of Canada.

To the north of Canada, there is no need to co-opt these political and commercial organizations, because Alaska in the north is a colony of the Ming Dynasty, and the population is not large, only about 100,000 people, most of whom are exiles. At the same time, it is also a transit station, and Li Xiucheng and his family go to California from here.

Coupled with Alaska, it can be said that Daming has created a chain intercepted by Chinese settlements from North America to South America, and this chain is slowly generating huge collaborative energy and bringing huge benefits and returns under the tandem of the Pan family and Wenxing fleets.

And this is the reason why Zhu Jinglun tried his best and exhausted all kinds of means to let the Chinese gain a foothold in Beimanchuria, because the benefits of this chain of interests are really difficult to refuse.