Chapter 103: Reform of the Currency
At the beginning of the crossing, Mei Xiaohan's dream was actually very pure, he just wanted to fulfill his little dream. But as more and more people were affected by his dream, more and more people joined, and the individual dream became the dream of the collective.
After conquering several cities in succession, it is necessary to appease some of the people, otherwise these people will definitely have more or less emotions.
"History always has striking similarities."
Becoming a king and defeating a king, this is an immutable iron law, children have done good deeds, it is not enough to praise a few words, not to mention these wolf-like soldiers.
Women and silver had to be given to them, and the positions they wanted were also given to them, as long as everyone was of one heart and one mind, and there was no internal division, the collective would be cohesive. The territory occupied now is more than ten times larger than that of Meicheng, and it is always bad to move too fast.
Population is always the most important, especially in the final stages of the war. An army needs not only a strong armed force, but also logistical supplies and the support of the people behind it.
Choices are always made, and once decided, the general direction cannot be changed, and if there is a mistake by the decision-maker, it will be fatal.
"Recuperate!"
"Truce!"
"Hide the wealth from the people."
In China, which is an agrarian society, especially in ancient times, agriculture is the foundation of the country, which cannot be shaken, and land is very important, which is not realized by nomadic people.
In 965 AD, although the Song army was fighting with Hou Shu in this year, Meng Chang surrendered to the Song Dynasty in this year, and Madame Hua Rui was captured in the Song Palace.
Mei Xiaohan ignored what was happening in the outside world, and now she only wants to develop and expand her own power.
The students who were trained in the small village began to grow up, and they received the most modern education, and at the same time, the most practical education.
In this year, a new reform measure was promulgated, starting with the promotion of "paper money". It is used with modern printing technology, so it is very troublesome to counterfeit, and again, banknotes are more convenient to carry, and they are quickly favored by the top and bottom.
Although they did not master the high-end banknote printing technology, these banknotes printed by printers were beyond the imagination of people at the time, let alone counterfeiting.
Mei Xiaohan named that kind of banknote "cloud banknote", with the largest denomination being "1,000 wen" and the smallest denomination being "1 wen". The two-unit pricing was abolished, and goods and items were priced at a flat rate.
All copper and silver coins were withdrawn from the market and all paper money was used, and although there were many troubles and obstacles in the early days of the reform, the issuance of money proceeded smoothly under the suppression of a strong army.
But soon trouble arose ...
Since they are all printed on the same material of paper, there are currently seven types of banknotes.
The seven denominations of 100 Wen, 50 Wen, 20 Wen, 10 Wen, 5 Wen, 2 Wen, and 1 Wen, in addition to the different face values, including its material and color, are exactly the same, which has encountered great trouble in the process of circulation.
Mei Xiaohan soon discovered the problem, so he ordered all of them to be withdrawn, but the problem was not as simple as he thought.
In ancient times, the speed of information transmission was far less than that of today, and many merchants suffered great losses as a result, and many merchants abandoned it less than a month after the paper money was issued. Mei Xiaohan's beautiful idea came to naught.
Mei Xiaohan's experience with paper money can be traced back to the "Jiaozi" of the Northern Song Dynasty, but the appearance of paper money in the Northern Song Dynasty is not accidental, it is an inevitable product of social, political and economic development.
When the commodity economy develops rapidly, more money is needed in commodity circulation, and there is a shortage of copper coins, which cannot meet the demand in circulation. This had to be replaced with something new.
At that time, iron money was common in Sichuan, and the value of iron money was low and heavy, and it was extremely inconvenient to use. One copper coin is worth ten iron coins, and the weight of each thousand iron coins is 25 catties for large coins and 13 catties for medium coins.
It costs 20,000 yuan to buy a piece of cloth, weighs about 500 catties, and you need to use a car.
Chengdu is an important economic center, and the road to the outside world is extremely rugged and difficult, which objectively requires a light currency, which is the main reason why paper money first appeared in Sichuan.
However, although the Northern Song Dynasty was a highly centralized feudal autocracy, the national currency was not uniform, and there were several currency areas, each of which did not use each other.
At that time, there were 13 special copper coins, 4 special iron coins, and both copper and iron coins in Shaanxi and Hedong. The outflow of currency is also strictly prohibited in various currency areas, and the use of paper money can prevent the outflow of copper and iron coins.
In addition, the Song government was often attacked by the Liao, Xia, and Jin, and spent heavily on military and indemnities, and also needed to issue paper money to cover the fiscal deficit.
A variety of reasons contributed to the creation of paper money - "Jiaozi".
The problem of abandoning the use of currency because it is not easy to identify the face value of the currency must be solved. Mei Xiaohan decided to take the risk of crossing in again, he planned to travel to the modern day again, this time with only one purpose: "to find an advertising agency to design banknotes." ”
Modern printing technology is becoming more and more sophisticated, and the science and technology of the 10th century A.D. are far from being able to achieve it. Although the printing of banknotes varies from country to country in modern society, they are generally divided into the following categories:
According to the traditional classification method, the banknote printing methods commonly used in all countries in the world now mainly include lithography (including offset printing and flat embossing), gravure printing, and letterpress printing, which have their own different characteristics.
The patterns printed by these three methods have distinctive characteristics, so they also play an extremely important role in the security of banknotes.
Lithography: Lithography is referred to as lithographic printing (including offset printing and flat embossing), which is the most commonly used printing method, which refers to the printing part of the printing plate and the non-printing part on the same plane, and the printing is achieved by absorbing ink at the printing plate pattern and not absorbing ink at the blank part. The printing plate is first transferred to the ink on the rubber roller, and then printed onto the paper, so lithographic printing is also called offset printing. The main characteristics of lithographic printing are thin ink layer, bright color, soft tone, generally used on banknotes to print a large area, complex changes of fine line patterns and shading patterns. Due to the use of high-performance special printing machines and advanced technology, the printed line pattern is different from ordinary offset printing, the more colors, the finer the line pattern, the more difficult it is for counterfeiters to imitate. For example, the application of overprint printing, overprint printing, multi-color wiring printing, rainbow printing and other technologies to print the pattern is colorful and varied, with a good anti-counterfeiting effect. In addition, in order to prevent copying and forgery, the shading adopts microprinting technology, that is, tiny words or numbers are printed on a specific part, and this microtext copying equipment cannot be distinguished, and it can be seen clearly with a magnifying glass of a certain magnification.