At the end of the lecture, Zhou Hexuan was surrounded by students, and everyone seemed to be still satisfied with listening and continued to ask various questions. Pen "Fun" Pavilion www.biquge.info

A student suddenly said, "Mr. Zhou, I have read your new book, and I think the section on the reform of the late Qing Dynasty is particularly reasonable. After reading your masterpiece, I have come to realize even more that it is impossible to establish a constitutional monarchy in China. However, my view is different from yours, I do not believe in a one-party dictatorship, but to imitate the United States and France in a democratic constitutional government. ”

"It's normal to have different opinions, and we have reservations." Zhou Hexuan said with a smile.

In "Guns, Bacteria and Steel", Zhou Hexuan expounded the reform of the late Qing Dynasty from the perspective of geography and ethnicity. He summarized countries with successful constitutional monarchies, such as Japan and the United Kingdom (Ireland alone), as single-ethnic island states. Although Germany succeeded, it was a military unification with a predominantly Germanic population, which ended with the war.

In landlocked countries such as France, Russia, and China, which have a complex ethnic composition, there is only one emperor, who mainly represents one nation, and the distribution of benefits during reform is seriously uneven, so the resistance to constitutional monarchy and reform is greater.

Of course, there are also factors such as culture, customs, and traditions, which need to be discussed in detail.

After these students left, Zhang Boling held Zhou Hexuan's hand and said with a smile: "Mr. Zhou, what you said is so good, let me pause!" ”

"Where, where, it's just a little personal opinion." Zhou Hexuan said modestly.

Zhang Boling said: "I'll take you to the Department of Literature and the Department of Physics to pick students, and by the way, let's talk about radio cooperation." ”

Nankai University is co-educational, and Zhou Hexuan easily recruited six announcers, three men and three women. Since they usually have to attend classes, they rotate to be part-time anchors every day, and each person's monthly salary is only 15 yuan.

In addition, several radio talents were recruited, and these students took the initiative to ask not to be paid, anyway, they borrowed radio equipment to practice their hands, and each one was more enthusiastic than the other.

Immediately afterwards, Zhou Hexuan rented recording equipment, went to the cross talk garden to record cross talk, went to the theater to record Peking Opera, and also made a lot of Chinese and foreign records.

While Zhou Hexuan was busy preparing the radio station, the book "Guns, Bacteria and Steel" continued to ferment.

People are spraying back, but many literati and scholars nowadays still attach great importance to this book.

Even Lu Xun, who scolded Zhou Hexuan the most ruthlessly, flipped through the front 300,000 words and read them repeatedly. This book opened his eyes, and many questions that he had never thought of before were suddenly placed in front of him like a dazzling array of goods in the window.

The people who felt the greatest shock were those scholars of the Republic of China who studied anthropology and sociology.

Li Hanjing, a professor at Yenching University, has just returned from a rural social survey in Dingxian County. After reading "Guns, Bacteria and Steel", he didn't even bother to write his own social investigation paper, so he rushed to the principal Situ Leiden: "Mr. Situ Leiden, have you read this book?" ”

Situ Leiden was stunned for a moment, and then smiled: "I was about to read it." ”

This is a masterpiece of human sociology, and once it is published in Europe and the United States, it will surely cause a sensation all over the world. The ideas presented in the book, unthinkable enough to create a branch of anthropology. Li Hanjing said excitedly.

"Is it really that powerful?" Stuart Redden was surprised.

"It's amazing," Li Hanjing admires Zhou Hexuan, "I have studied at the universities of Columbia and California for many years, and I have never seen such an outstanding work on human sociology, which is proud of all similar works in the world." ”

"Oh, Maiga," said Stuart Layden, smiling, "I can't wait to read it when you say that." ”

Li Hanjing said: "Mr. President, I heard that Zhou Hexuan lives in Tianjin, so it is better to hire him to come to Yenching University as the head of the Department of Sociology." He presided over the Department of Sociology of Yan University, for example, the academic level of the Department of Sociology was greatly improved. ”

Situ Leiden shook his head with a smile and said, "Don't you know his identity?" ”

"What identity?" Li Hanjing was busy doing social surveys all day long and didn't know much about Zhou Hexuan's situation.

Situ Leiden said: "He is the president of Peking University, how can he come to Yan University to be the head of the department?" ”

"Huh?" Li Hanjing was surprised and said, "The president of Peking University is not Cai Yuanpei, and the acting president is not Jiang Menglin?" ”

Situ Leiden was speechless for a moment, and said with a smile: "Professor Li, you should read more newspapers." ”

Li Hanjing scratched his head and said, "Principal, I suggest that Yan University set up a special subject for "Guns, Bacteria and Steel", at least a minor subject. This book is a must-read for teachers and students who study anthropology and sociology. ”

Situ Leiden pondered for a moment, and finally said, "Wait until I finish reading this book first." ”

"Okay, I'll go first." Li Hanjing also had to be busy writing social survey papers.

Situ Leiden opened the book, there are not many technical terms in this book, and ordinary people can understand it. Situ Leiden only read the first 100,000 words, and he was already amazed by Zhou Hexuan, and he immediately called the head of the Department of Sociology of Yan University: "Starting from the next semester, I have decided to make "Guns, Bacteria and Steel" a compulsory course in the Department of Sociology. You go and arrange it! ”

Zhou Hexuan is a college student who has suffered from the Republic of China, not only Yan University has listed "Guns, Bacteria and Steel" as a compulsory course, but also Tsinghua University, Northeastern University, Nanjing University, Sun Yat-sen University, and Lingnan University...... Public and private schools in the North and South will list this book as a compulsory subject in the Department of Anthropology and Sociology in the next few years.

Although Peking University did not have a special department of anthropology and sociology at this time, it did have related disciplines, and the new work of their president was also selected.

"Guns, Bacteria and Steel" was sprayed bloodied by democrats, but in the next few years, it gradually became a classic work of Chinese anthropology and sociology. Even after it was published in Europe and the United States, internationally renowned universities such as Oxford, Cambridge, Paris, and Harvard also listed the book as an elective or compulsory course.

In the 30s, a student majoring in human sociology at Oxford University joked: "You don't know the British Prime Minister, but you must know Mr. Zhou Hexuan." ”

While the European and American academic circles regarded this book as a classic, it also caused a lot of controversy. For example, the various data given in the book have been criticized by scholars for having no professional basis, but after many international academic exchanges, it has gradually been found that many of them have archaeological evidence.

Of course, there are still more than a dozen places where people today cannot distinguish the authenticity from the fake, so they have been studying it for decades. Many scholars have devoted their lives to the study of "Guns, Bacteria and Steel", and students in Europe and the United States often take some of the ideas in the book as their graduation research papers.

Through the joint efforts of countless scholars, "Guns, Bacteria and Steel" has actually spawned a new branch of discipline called "Historical Anthropology" (historical_anthropology).

Later scholars generally believe that the pioneering work is Mark Bullock's "The Kings Who Created Miracles" published in 1924, and the real foundation work is "Guns, Bacteria and Steel" written by Zhou Hexuan in 1928.

From the 30s to the 70s, it was a period of exploration in the history of mankind. In order to develop this discipline, the French school of annals and history has carried out in-depth research in many aspects and gradually improved the theoretical foundation of the discipline. It was not until 1967 that Braudel published Material Civilization and Capital Civilization, which became another masterpiece of historical anthropology and announced the final formation of historical anthropology.

After the 70s, historical anthropology developed rapidly in Europe, the United States and the Soviet Union, and Zhou Hexuan can be regarded as a founding master of a generation.

Zhou Hexuan's encyclopedic materials in the 21st century also have a dazzling prefix title -- the founder of historical anthropology.